On Fri, Apr 29, 2022 at 11:09 AM Tom Lane <t...@sss.pgh.pa.us> wrote:

>
> In short, these SubqueryScans are being labeled as producing 60000 rows
> when their input only produces 25000 rows, which is surely insane.
>
> So: even though the SubqueryScan itself isn't parallel-aware, the number
> of rows it processes has to be de-rated according to the number of workers
> involved.


Right, so why does baserel.rows show 60,000 here when path->subpath->rows
only shows 25,000?  Because if you substitute path->subpath->rows for
baserel.rows in cost_subquery you get (with your cost change above):

 Incremental Sort  (cost=27875.50..45577.57 rows=120000 width=12) (actual
time=165.285..235.749 rows=60000 loops=1)
   Sort Key: "*SELECT* 1".a, "*SELECT* 1".c
   Presorted Key: "*SELECT* 1".a
   Full-sort Groups: 10  Sort Method: quicksort  Average Memory: 28kB  Peak
Memory: 28kB
   Pre-sorted Groups: 10  Sort Method: quicksort  Average Memory: 521kB
 Peak Memory: 521kB
   ->  Unique  (cost=27794.85..28994.85 rows=120000 width=12) (actual
time=157.882..220.501 rows=60000 loops=1)
         ->  Sort  (cost=27794.85..28094.85 rows=120000 width=12) (actual
time=157.881..187.232 rows=120000 loops=1)
               Sort Key: "*SELECT* 1".a, "*SELECT* 1".b, "*SELECT* 1".c
               Sort Method: external merge  Disk: 2600kB
               ->  Gather  (cost=0.00..1400.00 rows=120000 width=12)
(actual time=0.197..22.705 rows=120000 loops=1)
                     Workers Planned: 2
                     Workers Launched: 2
                     ->  Parallel Append  (cost=0.00..1400.00 rows=50000
width=12) (actual time=0.015..13.101 rows=40000 loops=3)
                           ->  Subquery Scan on "*SELECT* 1"
 (cost=0.00..575.00 rows=25000 width=12) (actual time=0.014..6.864
rows=30000 loops=2)
                                 ->  Parallel Seq Scan on t
 (cost=0.00..575.00 rows=25000 width=12) (actual time=0.014..3.708
rows=30000 loops=2)
                           ->  Subquery Scan on "*SELECT* 2"
 (cost=0.00..575.00 rows=25000 width=12) (actual time=0.010..6.918
rows=30000 loops=2)
                                 ->  Parallel Seq Scan on t t_1
 (cost=0.00..575.00 rows=25000 width=12) (actual time=0.010..3.769
rows=30000 loops=2)
 Planning Time: 0.137 ms
 Execution Time: 239.958 ms
(19 rows)

Which shows your 1400 cost goal from union all, and the expected row
counts, for gather-atop-append.

The fact that (baserel.rows > path->subpath->rows) here seems like a
straight bug: there are no filters involved in this case but in the
presence of filters baserel->rows should be strictly (<=
path->subpath->rows), right?

David J.

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