Nope, no Unix accounts are necessary besides the one that PG runs as. You do need the PG roles, however. Good luck! garner
________________________________ From: Derrick Stensrud [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, December 20, 2006 10:36 AM To: Garner Chung Cc: pgsql-general@postgresql.org Subject: Re: FW: [GENERAL] postgres kerberos how to Great! Thanks so much, I'm going to try to get this going right now. Do I need unix user accounts? Garner Chung wrote: Hey, I think this made it to the list. But I had also CC:ed you separately -- to which I got a bounce back. So here's my second attempt to essentially CC: you. garner -----Original Message----- From: Garner Chung Sent: Wednesday, December 20, 2006 10:10 AM To: 'pgsql-general@postgresql.org' Cc: 'Derrick Stensrud ' Subject: RE: [GENERAL] postgres kerberos how to Hey Derrick, I work with Matt, and I was involved in our Kerberos implementation. I'll try to answer your questions... - You only need to make the mapping to an Active Directory(AD) user once for that PG service. What that ktpass command does is map the principal name for your PG service to an AD user. More importantly, with the resulting keytab file you will establish the shared secret between the service(PG) and the KDC(which is really a close partner if not subset of AD). The secret is what AD will use to identify itself as a trustable KDC to PG. So, no, you do not need to do that for every PG user. However, you do need to create each database user in both AD and PG. - +rndPass (which is not available in older versions of ktpass) will use a random shared secret(password). There's no need for anyone to know what the actual value of that pre shared key is. However it is very important that the resulting keytab file is protected via filesystem permissions. - * Yes that keytab file needs to be in /etc/krb5.keytab which is an MIT library file location. I don't think PG will look at that file directly. In fact, you specify separately in postgresql.conf where PG should look for its keytab file. As far as we understand that /etc/krb5.keytab file would contain multiple keytabs. If any MIT Kerberos experts out there could chime, please do. ie. Would should the permissions on that file be set to? To be clear, we got an error message, which I never wrote down, without PG's keytab file not there also. * Yes, you also need to edit your /etc/krb5.conf file. You are essentially telling the MIT Kerberos library that the default realm for it is the AD realm/domain. You are also telling it where the KDC for that realm is. * You also need edit postgresql.conf where its keytab is. Hope this helps, please do follow up with clarifying questions if you have any. There is, IMHO, a paucity of good documentation on getting PG to authenticate against AD using Kerberos. garner ________________________________ From: Derrick Stensrud [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, December 20, 2006 5:07 AM To: Matt Burry Cc: pgsql-general@postgresql.org Subject: Re: [GENERAL] postgres kerberos how to Thanks, I'm going to go ahead and try to implement postgresql kerberos against active directory 2003 today. I read a bit about it last night and have a few questions. You wrote: " * Map PG on database server as a user in Active Directory o Create user account in AD for PG service ie. 'postgres_fauxacacia' o Make keytab file with AD PG user account. This will also map the user to the service. ktpass princ postgres/[EMAIL PROTECTED] -mapuser postgres_fauxacacia +rndPass -out postgres_fauxacacia.keytab -target fauxsol -ptype KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL " Questions: - If I have 10 users in postgresql do I need to run this ktpass program for each user? If so would I always keep the princ paramater listed as "postgres/[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <mailto:postgres/[EMAIL PROTECTED]> <mailto:postgres/[EMAIL PROTECTED]> <mailto:postgres/[EMAIL PROTECTED]> and do the capitals matter in this command? - With this ktpass command, what is the +rndPass option? I'm used to seeing something like -pass [EMAIL PROTECTED] - After this keytab file is created, I copy it to /etc/krb5.keytab on the linux box, and I edit my krb5.conf file to resemble yours listed. Is there anything else that has to be done on the Windows or linux side? Thanks for the help so far. Matt Burry wrote: From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Derrick Sent: Tuesday, December 19, 2006 5:52 PM To: pgsql-general@postgresql.org Subject: [GENERAL] postgres kerberos how to I was wondering if anyone out there could point me in the right direction. I'm looking for a decent how to on using postgresql's built in kerberos support to authenticate against windows 2003 active directory. I was trying to use pam_ldap, but had to give up and decide on using kerberos instead. Any help what so ever is much appreciated. Thanks. Derrick, We've been setting it up in our shop and it's been a bit of a bear. We're connecting to PG through the ODBC driver using both PG 8.1 and 8.2. Below are the steps we've taken to get it to work with a Windows 2003 Domain Controller and Windows 2003 Server running Terminal Services which serves the front end. We have had greater success with Windows 2003 Server R2, though we have been able to get it to work with Windows 2000 Server and Windows 2003 server. We also needed to use MIT's Net ID manager. It would great if others could point to ways that we could simplify these steps. I wasn't the one here who implemented things, so one of my colleagues may need to followup if there are specific questions. Additionally, we have not looked into the suggestion that Magnus made that 8.2's LDAP support could help solve this problem of AD integration from a slightly different direction. -Matt Kerberos Configuration Steps ************************** PG Server=fauxacacia Active Directory Domain=faux.com Active Directory Domain Controller=fauxsol Windows 2003 Server R2 (Terminal Services server, in our case, used to serve our front end)=fauxsaturn On Domain Controller: fauxsol(Windows 2003) * Add entries to Domain Controller/DNS for all relevant servers so that all principals can contact each other by name. 192.168.4.26 fauxsol fauxsol.faux.com 192.168.4.28 fauxacacia fauxacacia.faux.com 192.168.4.29 fauxsaturn fauxsaturn.faux.com On PG Server: fauxacacia(Linux) Samba * Install Samba to facilitate copying of keytab file from Windows Domain Controller NTP (Network Time Protocol to make sure that servers stay with same time, required with Kerberos) * Install package, ntpdate * Edit '/etc/default/ntpdate' to point to the Windows Domain Controller/KDC Server # servers to check. (Separate multiple servers with spaces.) #NTPSERVERS="pool.ntp.org" #NTPSERVERS="ntp.ubuntu.com" NTPSERVERS="fauxsol" # # additional options for ntpdate #NTPOPTIONS="-v" NTPOPTIONS="-u" * Add an hourly cron entry, '/etc/cron.hourly/ntpdate', and make it executable, 'chmod ugo+x /etc/cron.hourly/ntpdate' #!/bin/sh NTPDATE=/usr/sbin/ntpdate NTPDEFAULTS=/etc/default/ntpdate NTPFALLBACK="ntp.ubuntu.com" if [ -f "$NTPDEFAULTS" ]; then . $NTPDEFAULTS test -n "$NTPSERVERS" || NTPSERVERS=$NTPFALLBACK else NTPSERVERS=$NTPFALLBACK fi if [ -x "$NTPDATE" ]; then $NTPDATE -s $NTPOPTIONS $NTPSERVERS fi * Restart cron, '/etc/init.d/cron restart' MIT Kerberos Library * Install Kerberos Libraries krb5-config, krb5-user * Edit Kerberos config files ('/etc/krb5.conf') [libdefaults] default_realm = [faux.com] krb4_config = /etc/krb.conf krb4_realms = /etc/krb.realms kdc_timesync = 1 ccache_type = 4 forwardable = true proxiable = true [realms] FAUX.COM = { kdc = [fauxsol] admin_server = [fauxsol] } DNS * Edit DNS settings file ('/etc/resolv.conf') nameserver [ip address of DNS server 1] nameserver [ip address of DNS server 2] On Domain Controller: fauxsol (Windows 2003) * Install Windows Supporting Tools (ktpass), found on Windows installation CD as SUPPORT\TOOLS\SUPTOOLS.MSI * Map PG on database server as a user in Active Directory o Create user account in AD for PG service ie. 'postgres_fauxacacia' o Make keytab file with AD PG user account. This will also map the user to the service. ktpass princ postgres/[EMAIL PROTECTED] -mapuser postgres_fauxacacia +rndPass -out postgres_fauxacacia.keytab -target fauxsol -ptype KRB5_NT_PRINCIPAL [edit] On PG Server: fauxacacia (Linux) * Move keytab file to PG Server (Linux). '/usr/local/pgsql/etc/krb5.keytab' and '/etc/krb5.keytab' * Secure keytab files o 'chown postgres:postgres /usr/local/pgsql/etc/krb5.keytab' o 'chmod ugo-wx /usr/local/pgsql/etc/krb5.keytab' - Files created by samba have executable bit set for user. o 'chmod go-r /usr/local/pgsql/etc/krb5.keytab' * Configure PG to use '/usr/local/pgsql/etc/krb5.keytab' # Kerberos krb_server_keyfile = '/usr/local/pgsql/etc/krb5.keytab' # (change requires restart) #krb_srvname = 'postgres' # (change requires restart) #krb_server_hostname = '' # empty string matches any keytab entry # (change requires restart) #krb_caseins_users = off # (change requires restart) * Restart PG [edit] On Front End Server: fauxsaturn (Windows 2003) * Install MIT Kerberos For Windows o Make sure that Net ID Manager is configured to start when user logs in(default). * Create 'C:\Program Files\MIT\Kerberos\bin\krb5.ini': [libdefaults] default_realm = FAUX.COM kdc_timesync = 1 ccache_type = 4 ticket_lifetime = 36000 [realms] FAUX.COM = { kdc = FAUXSOL admin_server = FAUXSOL } [appdefaults] autologin = true forward = true forwardable = true encrypt = true * Delete all krb5_32.dll's other than the one in the MIT\Kerberos\bin folder. ie. 'C:\Program Files\psqlODBC\0802\bin' or 'C:\Program Files\pgAdmin III\1.6' o This ensures that all client side PG Kerberos authentication will occur via the just installed MIT Kerberos for Windows package. o The secondary, desired effect is that only the one MIT\Kerberos\bin\krb5.ini file is used. o NOTE: This is just for our Terminal Services environment: If the krb5.ini file is placed in 'C:\Windows', then Kerberos authentication will fail unless the session is in install mode('change user /install'). This is because of the virtualized copy of the C:\Windows directory that is created in a Terminal Services Session. In particular, INI files are managed by a sync process between the virtual/personal Windows directory and the real one. Entering install mode points the user's session to the _real_ Windows directory. + As long as there is the one 'C:\Program Files\MIT\Kerberos\bin\krb5_32.dll' and the one 'C:\Program Files\MIT\Kerberos\bin\krb5.ini', there 'change user /install' should not be necesssary. -- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Free Edition. Version: 7.5.432 / Virus Database: 268.15.25/593 - Release Date: 12/19/2006 1:17 PM -- No virus found in this outgoing message. Checked by AVG Free Edition. Version: 7.5.432 / Virus Database: 268.15.25/593 - Release Date: 12/19/2006 1:17 PM
