Gerhard Wiesinger wrote:
Hello,

I'd like to understand the PostgreSQL internals in "backup mode".

When I understood it correctly pg_start_backup() make a checkpoint and stops writing to the data/ directory except the WAL.

All new transaction go into WAL which is also logical. But how is data consistency done when the written/changed blocks don't fit into the buffer cache?

The data isn't kept consistent. Which is why you need the WAL. Restoring from a PITR backup is basically the same idea as recovering from a crash. Any blocks that might have been updated since you called pg_start_backup() will be rewritten from the WAL.

--
  Richard Huxton
  Archonet Ltd

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