I am not sending this e-mail as a call for help, but more out of curiosity.
I generated my own root CA, and when I try to certify my own public key, I get this error: "The stateOrProvinceName field needed to be the same in the CA certificate (PA) and the request (PA)" The problem seems to be the encodings: openssl req -noout -subject -nameopt show_type,sep_multiline -in storereq.pem subject= C=PRINTABLESTRING:US ST=PRINTABLESTRING:PA L=PRINTABLESTRING:Pittsburgh O=PRINTABLESTRING:Thomson Reuters OU=PRINTABLESTRING:Exchange Traded Instruments CN=PRINTABLESTRING:the-server.wks.tfn.com openssl x509 -noout -subject -nameopt show_type,sep_multiline -in demoCA\cacert.pem subject= C=PRINTABLESTRING:US ST=UTF8STRING:PA O=UTF8STRING:Thomson Reuters OU=UTF8STRING:ETI CN=UTF8STRING:Dan R emailAddress=IA5STRING:m...@example.com As you can see, one is printable and the other is UTF-8. The certification request was generated by Java's keytool, which is probably the reason for the different encoding. But why does the encoding matter? I'm aware that I can circumvent this problem using "-policy policy_anything", but is there a cleaner way to do this? By the way, I'm not the first person to have this problem: a similar question was sent to this list last year: http://www.mail-archive.com/openssl-users@openssl.org/msg56301.html