hi, all, i already have the public key pairs, the problem is that how can i use openssl to encrypt plaintext using the public key and then decrypt it with the private key? in other words, how to realize digital signature with openssl? thank all of you very much!!! sincerely, ice ______________________________________________________________________ OpenSSL Project http://www.openssl.org User Support Mailing List [EMAIL PROTECTED] Automated List Manager [EMAIL PROTECTED]