>I believe Verisign has certified some US banks to issue their
        >own global server IDs by siging a CA certificate with their
        >global server root, and with suitable path length protection.

        I don't think that helps. In order to do be a "step-up CA" you
        have to get the browsers to have that CA pre-loaded.

Do you know more about how this works?  Verisign GSID's are signed
with an intermediate "Verisign International" CA which must be chained
to Verisign's Class 3 Primary CA root which is built into the browsers.
So I wonder what the purpose of that arrangement is.

        Will, for Netscape you can do a binary patch on the certstore
        (as documented in mod_ssl), but there is no equivalent for IE.

Any idea how IE stores certificates?

        It's possible a bank could get a custom version of IE through
        their links to MS, but I doubt they'd be willing/able to roll
        that out to their customers.

Actually that's not that unlikely.  Making custom versions of IE is
straightforward with the M$ IEAK (IE Administration Kit).  ISP's and
corporate users do it a lot.  And banks who want you to sign up for
"Internet Home Banking" (etc.) often send cd-roms to their customers.
So including a special IE version on the CD is straightforward.
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