Hi Andrei,
Like you mentioned, it's application specific. The advantage of overlayfs here is that you preserve the data that was changed by user (in case of persistent storage), which of course would hide the data from rootfs, or your just see the defaults from rootfs if the data was not changed. With bind mounts you would need to copy default data first into your tmpfs/ext4 bind mount if you wanna have defaults.

Vyacheslav
I was looking into something like this lately. There are actually two kinds of 
write access - volatile (tmpfs) and persistent (to disk). So my approach would 
have been to use bind mounts from a tmpfs/ext4 based on configuration per 
recipe. Is there any advantage to working with overlayfs in this case? The main 
idea is to have state that doesn't come from the ro part of the OS because 
otherwise, updates will be shadowed by the overlayfs. So I fail to see the 
advantage of using a set of overlayfs mounts instead of bind mounts. At least 
with bind mounts, it will always shadow the rootfs bits so you can catch early 
this case.

Depending on your use case, most of the times, you'd want this "state" setup 
happening pre init (in initramfs, for example), especially if you want to handle 
persistent systemd logging or machine id, etc.


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