Schwarzman on how we got here from there

By: HousingWire staff
 September 25, 2008

Via the Wall Street Journal 
<http://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2008/09/24/wall-street-crisis-stephen-schwarzman-explains-it-all/?mod=sp_deals>
 , Blackstone chairman Stephen Schwarzman put out perhaps the single 
most-succint description of a complex mess we've seen yet: 
It's a perfect storm. It started with Congress encouraging lending to 
lower-income people. You went from subprime loans being 2% of total loans in 
2002 to 30% of total loans in 2006. That kind of enormous increase swept into 
the net people who shouldn't have been borrowing. 
Those loans were packaged into CDOs rated AAA, which led the investment-banking 
firms [buying them] to do little to no due diligence, and the securities were 
distributed throughout the world, where they started defaulting. 
When they started defaulting, out of bad luck or bad judgment, we implemented 
fair value accounting….You had wildly different marks for this kind of 
security, which led to massive write-offs by the commercial banking and 
investment-banking system. 
In the face of those losses…you needed to raise new equity…which came from 
sovereign-wealth funds in part, which then caused political resistance to 
sovereign-wealth funds, who predictably have withdrawn from putting money into 
the system….It seemed pretty obvious that would happen. We now find ourselves 
with a liquidity crisis where fundamentally the cost of money for financial 
intermediaries [such as investment banks] is significantly in excess of their 
cost of lending it. So several institutions found themselves in a structurally 
impossible position. We had a series of bankruptcies, whether Bear Stearns or 
Lehman, or forced sales like Merrill. Goldman reverted to a banking charter for 
a lower cost of funds, which today is still not low enough for the business. 
So that's the story of how we got there.
 
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