Il 22/10/24 21:22, Hans Hagen via ntg-context ha scritto:
On 10/22/2024 7:22 PM, Tomáš Hála wrote:
Towards my previous post:
I know that one can use \hyphenation{l'operaio} for solving the
particular
word with article. The question is how to fix it generally (i.e. for all
words with article) via exceptions or by another way.
I'll send you both a file to play with
% \enabletrackers[languages.goodies]
% \enabletrackers[languages.applied]
\setuplanguage[italian][goodies={lang-it-test.llg}]
\mainlanguage[italian]
\starttext
\start \hsize 10cm nella'opera \par \stop
\start \hsize 01mm nella'opera \par \stop
\stoptext
The test should be:
\starttext
\start \hsize 10cm nell'opera \par \stop
\start \hsize 01mm nell'opera \par \stop
\stoptext
"nell'opera" is an elision of the last vowel of "nella".
At the primary school I've been taught that the apostrophe was a
teardrop of the first word, crying for the loss of its last letter (a
nice allegory for kids).
Normally you'd never transform "nell'opera" back into "nella opera",
even when there's a line break. These are usually preferred:
nel-l'opera the best one
nell'o-pera acceptable but a bit ugly
(only one letter between the apostrophe and the hyphen)
nell'ope-ra better than the previous one
That's because in "nella opera" you have two vowels one next to the
other ("a" and "o"), that slow the spelling and make it more uncomfortable.
For the same reason sometimes we use an euphonic "d" to "break" the
repetition of two vowels (especially when it is the same vowel):
1) "Max va a Milano" ("Max goes to Milan"), no vowel after the "a"
("to") preposition;
2) "Max va ad Aosta", not "Max va a Aosta": (in these case we put a "d",
otherwise we should say 3 consecutive "a" vowels)
Back to elision and hyphenation, I would resort to "nella opera" only in
very particular cases:
- to prevent the hyphenation of the last line of a page (especially an
odd page);
- when all the hyphenations of "nell'opera" (nel-l'o-pe-ra) result in
ugly typesettings (e.g. many successive hyphenations, stretched word
skips); this happens especially with narrow columns of text; it could be
that "nella" at the end of a line, and "opera" at the start of the next
one, make the typesetting result more pleasing.
Generalizing a rule (you can't)
It's hard to generalize a rule, because the elided articulated
prepositions ("dell'", "all'", "dall'", "nell'") are the same for
masculine and feminine words, but their un-elided versions depend on the
gender: "dello", "allo", "dallo", "nello" for masculine, "della",
"alla", "dalla", "nella" for feminine.
So an algorithm should know the gender of a word, and that makes it
impractical.
Instead, the elided, indefinite article "un'" is always feminine, and
could be automatically un-elided to "una".
But, even in this case, I would do it only when the alternative
typesettings are really ugly. Here's an example ("un'istanza"):
... una
istanza
could be preferable to:
... un'i-
stanza
(a single "i" between an apostrophe and a hyphen is rather ugly), and
also to:
... un'istan-
za
which could also be impractical because "un'istan-" may not fit in the
first line.
Massi
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