Se non l'avessero pubblicato il 30 marzo ma due giorni dopo mi sarebbe piaciuto di più ....
On mer, 2022-04-06 at 12:16 +0200, Alberto Cammozzo via nexa wrote: > <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41746-022-00582-0> > [...] > As shown in Fig. 1, a public health strategy is proposed for infectious > disease surveillance using toilets fitted with a stool collection and analysis > system that performs fully automated and passive diagnostics. A smart toilet > platform, namely “Coronavirus: Integrated Diagnostic (COV-ID) toilet” would > consist of a mountable bidet-style attachment equipped with modules for > automated faecal sample collection and processing, faecal RNA isolation and > detection with in situ ultrafast nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), and > effective sanitisation methods. COV-ID toilets can be installed in highly > trafficked, public areas ranging from shopping malls and sporting arenas to > schools and hospitals. While a person sits down to use the toilet, they can > scan a Quick Response (QR) code to consent to COVID-19 stool testing. If > permitted, the COV-ID toilet will detect defecation events and automatically > sample and test the stool for COVID-19. Test results are reported in > minutes—to the individual’s smartphone, if desired, and to an anonymized > tracing system. The individual with a positive result will be provided with > information to determine quarantine protocols and further confirmatory > testing. The tracing system can be linked to the existing Bluetooth® contact > tracing systems implemented by Apple12 and Google13 for COVID-19 exposure > notifications. A network of COV-ID toilets could also augment and refine maps > of COVID-19 prevalence, and provide more real-time information to guide > decisions about travel. The same testing principles can also be applied to > other infectious diseases with faecal–oral transmission, such as norovirus or > bacteria related to gastroenteritis like Shigella, to help prevent and control > outbreaks in real time. > The prerequisites for successful deployment of COV-ID toilets in diverse > communities are: (1) A fast turn-around time, ideally within 15 min from > sample-to-answer. In this regard, ultrafast NAAT are preferred to shortening > the turn-around time of conventional NAAT methods (e.g. PCR) from a couple of > hours down to 8–15 min14,15,16,17. In addition, multiplexed and parallel runs > of COVID-19 detection in the system can ensure immediate toilet availability > to other users. (2) Full automation from sample acquisition to signal > generation must be performed in the background in order not to interfere with > normal human behaviour on the toilet. This automation will maintain high user > compliance and lower human intervention. (3) To provide a hygienic environment > and eliminate cross-contamination between tests, rigorous > sanitation/sterilisation (e.g. ultraviolet steriliser) has to be performed on > the analytical devices and on the surface of the toilet. (4) As an Internet of > Things (IoT) device, the COV-ID toilet should be securely connected to a > centralised network, which enables active communication with users and intra- > network surveillance. (5) While the user may elect to provide identifying > information such as a cell phone number in order to receive their own test > results, the results must be de-identified prior to upload to the tracing > network in order to maintain the user’s privacy. > Other important biological/clinical data can be obtained by the COV-ID toilet. > Body temperature and oxygen saturation, which are known to be critical > parameters of COVID-19 infection, can be obtained by integrating temperature > and photoplethysmography sensors into the toilet seat18. Stool morphology > analysis can identify diarrhoea, which is a potential symptom of COVID-19. > This feature can be easily adopted from a previous smart toilet study with > deep learning and computer vision19,20. By collecting other supplementary data > (temperature, oxygen saturation, and stool morphology) in tandem with COVID-19 > stool testing, the COV-ID toilet may enable comprehensive profiling of COVID- > 19 infection. > [...] > _______________________________________________ > nexa mailing list > [email protected] > https://server-nexa.polito.it/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/nexa
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