On behalf of my co-authors, we are pleased to announce the publication of our recent article in Frontiers in Marine Science that highlights novel internal lesions in bottlenose dolphins entangled in fishing gear.
Epple, Alexandra L., Joanna T. Daniel, Susan G. Barco, David S. Rotstein, and Alexander M. Costidis. 2020. "Novel Necropsy Findings Linked to Peracute Underwater Entrapment in Bottlenose Dolphins (<https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00503>Tursiops truncatus<https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00503>)<https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00503>." Frontiers in Marine Science 7:503. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.00503. Abstract: Peracute underwater entrapment (PUE) is a recognized cause of death associated with anthropogenic trauma in marine mammals. We describe internal lesions likely resulting from extreme agonal exertion in bottlenose dolphins due to entanglement and forced submergence in fishing gear during PUE. We reviewed necropsy findings from bottlenose dolphins with known PUE statuses in Virginia, United States from 2016–2019 (n = 31) for the presence of five lesions: pulmonary petechiae, pulmonary perivascular edema, hemorrhagic pulmonary lymph, separation of the rectus abdominis muscles, and acute abdominal hernias. Of the 31 cases, 23 were considered PUE cases due to the presence of external ligature marks consistent with entanglement in fishing gear. Of the animals examined, pulmonary perivascular edema, pulmonary petechiae, and hemorrhagic pulmonary lymph were found in both PUE and non-PUE cases. Though found in one non-PUE case, pulmonary perivascular edema was significantly related to PUE. There was no significant relationship between PUE and pulmonary petechiae or hemorrhagic pulmonary lymph. Rectus abdominis muscle separations and acute abdominal hernias were only found in PUE cases and nine animals exhibited either one (n = 7) or both (n = 2) of these traumatic lesions. Although these two lesions were relatively rare, there was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of one or both of the lesions and positive PUE status. This study suggests that pulmonary perivascular edema, acute hernias and separations of the rectus abdominis muscles may be useful for diagnosing PUE in the absence of external fishery interaction lesions, and highlights the severity of agonal fisheries interactions. The article is open access and can be downloaded here: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00503 or a PDF can be requested from [email protected]. Alexandra Epple, M.Sc. Stranding & Research Scientist: Data & Operations Office: (757) 385-6487 [email protected] Stranding Response Hotline: (757) 385-7575 Virginia Aquarium & Marine Science Center<http://www.VirginiaAquarium.com> 717 General Booth Blvd. Virginia Beach, Virginia 23451 [cid:2d04e441-658e-46ed-9100-9afeb69af723]
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