I have noticed that one of the most consistently rejected emails when forwarded to Gmail, is an email from Google. I just rotate outbound IPs on that message using ZoneMTA and it'll get through. Waiting for an IP to clear a rate limit with Gmail just seems like bad business at this point.

On 2022-11-24 10:20, Martin Flygenring via mailop wrote:
Hello all

For the past few weeks, we've noticed increasing queues on our MX-servers when forwarding some emails to our users alternate addresses, if that forwarding address is a gmail.com address. Most of the mails go through without issues, but some end up getting deferred with the error message:     421 4.7.28 [185.164.14.118 15] Our system has detected an unusual rate of unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect our users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been temporarily rate limited. Please visit https://support.google.com/mail/?p=UnsolicitedRateLimitError to review our Bulk Email Senders Guidelines. bj3-20020a170902850300b001895e356f00si917651plb.152 - gsmtp (in reply to EOD command)

Now, the interesting part is that for almost 98% of the mails currently in queue, Google is the original sender of the email.

Total mails deferred/in queue due to the above message, at the time of writing: 2696
Top 3 original sender:
   2582 gmail.com
     38 google.com
     22 calendar-server.bounces.google.com

For reference, we currently have 2.8m registered domains, meaning we send millions of mails towards gmail on a monthly basis. So while it is a very small amount of mails that end up in this state, we are still puzzled about why. Especially when so many of the original senders are gmail-addresses or other Google addresses.

I have been looking through our queues, and most often it looks like very legit mails that gmail just doesn't want to accept. For example:
- Friends talking about a christmas lunch/dinner
- Someone who's heating at home isn't working
- Some friends talking about a LEGO build they're doing together
- Building management meetings
- Someone that's sad they can't join a presentation because they're on vacation
.. and so on. Very innocent stuff.

We use SRS when forwarding, and every forward that users set up requires verification by the forward recipient, by them clicking a link to confirm they want to accept these forwards.

Looking at our graphs, between Oct 25th and Nov 7th we had 16 mails get deferred/bounce because of the above error message. Since Nov 8th, we're looking at somewhere between 250 and 1000 mails pr. day. Sometimes the mail eventually goes through with delay, but there are some that never make it through.

Is anyone else seeing similar issues when forwarding mails from gmail.com, back to other addresses at gmail.com?
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