Hi Anna and Howard,

The closest thing I've had to do to the refresh screen action is  
having to force web pages to reload with Command-R.  However, that was  
for one of two errors.  In the first case, there used to be a bug in  
the underlying WebKit engine for Safari where occasionally the web  
page elements were not exposed to VoiceOver so you coulddn't  
interact.  This was fixed by making the page reload.  (You could read  
the page by selecting all and starting the Services menu text-to- 
speech via "Start Speaking Text" or by sending the results to TextEdit  
-- you just couldn't make VoiceOver interact directly with the page  
until you forced a reload.)  This only happened with certain web pages  
and when you refreshed the page by forcing it to reload you could  
interact, etc.  That bug was fixed in an earlier version of WebKit and  
the fix was passed onto Safari at the beginning of this year.  Of  
course, there may still be occasions when a web page hasn't fully  
loaded and you'll need to force a reload -- but those are the same  
instances where sighted individuals would find an incompletely loaded  
web page.

Apart from that, the more likely possibility of a problem you might  
encounter is when focus behavior gets slightly flakey.  This tended to  
happen when Apple tried to fine-tune focus behavior for more complex  
VoiceOver interaction models involving other Universal Access  
functions like sticky keys, mouse keys, or some zoom mode actions.  
When I did extensive testing of VoiceOver with these actions on first  
transitioning to Leopard I noticed more quirky focus behavior.  This  
would show up as not being able to tab reliably in iTunes, for  
example. Usually I would turn VoiceOver on and off again to fix  
things. I don't think I've ever had to redraw the screen.

HTH

Cheers,

Esther

Howard Dupuis wrote:

>
> This is how it was once explained to me when I was wondering the same
> thing: Because Windows screen readers are operating as an overlay and
> not as an integral part of the OS, most of them use something called
> an off-screen model. What you are hearing is actually information that
> the screen reader took from the details being sent to the computer's
> screen. Consequently, the screen and the reader can get out of synch
> from time to time. Thus, the need to refresh after, to use just one
> common example, something pops up on your screen and leaves things a
> jumbled mess -- at least in the eyes of the screen reader -- after you
> get rid of it .But since VO isn't working that way, refreshing the
> screen is unnecessary. At least that's what I took from an
> explanation  from someone who understands computers -- both hardware
> and software -- a whole heck of a lot better than I do.
>
> Woody Anna Dresner wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> Is there a way to have VO redraw the screen as you can with Windows
>> screen readers when the screen reader and screen content get out of
>> sync? Or do the two not get out of sync because VO is part of the
>> operating system?
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Anna
> >


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