Hello Craig and all, That's a super post of yours for me and my issues. I believe I can work through all of them with the information you've provided. I am very grateful.
The "Pollock" hosts file which I mentioned is a hosts file from: http://someonewhocares.org/hosts/ which is basically a listing of sites that one may not want to mess with your computer. Dan Pollock's words about his hosts file: # Use this file to prevent your computer from connecting to selected # internet hosts. This is an easy and effective way to protect you from # many types of spyware, reduces bandwidth use, blocks certain pop-up # traps, prevents user tracking by way of "web bugs" embedded in spam, # provides partial protection to IE from certain web-based exploits and # blocks most advertising you would otherwise be subjected to on the # internet. Thanks again. ben On Sat, Nov 7, 2020, at 5:22 PM, Craig Sanders via luv-main wrote: > On Sat, Nov 07, 2020 at 03:58:51PM +1100, [email protected] wrote: > > [root@owl /etc/apt]# apt-get install inxi > > Reading package lists... Done > > Building dependency tree > > Reading state information... Done > > The following additional packages will be installed: > > hddtemp libglew2.1 lm-sensors mesa-utils tree > > Suggested packages: > > libcpanel-json-xs-perl | libjson-xs-perl libxml-dumper-perl glew-utils > > fancontrol read-edid i2c-tools > > The following NEW packages will be installed: > > hddtemp inxi libglew2.1 lm-sensors mesa-utils tree > > 0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. > > Need to get 731 kB of archives. > > After this operation, 2,625 kB of additional disk space will be used. > > Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y > > Err:1 http://ftp.au.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 hddtemp amd64 > > 0.3-beta15-53 > > Connection failed [IP: 2001:388:1034:2900::25 80] > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > > OK, that's clearly using the IPv6 address for ftp.au.debian.org > > Does your ISP support IPv6? If not, then force apt to use ipv4 as i mentioned > in my last message. > > > > BTW, if you don't know how to recognise an ipv4 or ipv6 address, it's > pretty easy. > > ipv4 address are short, usually printed in decimal, with **exactly** four > groups of 8-bit decimal numbers (i.e. 0 to 255), separated by periods ".". > e.g. 192.168.1.1. sometimes with an optional netmask suffix like /24 or /32. > > ipv6 addresses are longer, usually printed in multiple groups of > four hexadecimal digits (i.e. 16 bits worth), separated by colons. > e.g. 2001:388:1034:2900::25 > > see: > > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv4#Addressing > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6_address > > While it's useful to know the basics of IP networking, you don't actually > need to understand all the details. For practical purposes, you really only > need to know if your ISP support ipv6 routing or not. If not, then disable > it (at least on your uplink interface). Most ISPs still do not support > ipv6. This is because they're slack-arse lazy bastards who find the shortage > of ipv4 addrress space convenient for limiting what their customers do on the > internet. > > > > > Using host au debian is not found: > > > > [ben@owl ~]$ host ftp.au.debian.org/ > > Host ftp.au.debian.org/ not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) > > that's not a domain name. that's just a string ending in / > > host doesn't know what to do with a string ending in a / > > > [ben@owl ~]$ host http://ftp.au.debian.org > > Host http://ftp.au.debian.org not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) > > that's not a domain name either. That's a URL. > > host doesn't know what to do with a URL either. > > > The nz debian is found. > > [ben@owl ~]$ host ftp.nz.debian.org > > that's a domain name. host knows what to do with one of those. which is why it > worked: > > > ftp.nz.debian.org is an alias for mirror.fsmg.org.nz. > > mirror.fsmg.org.nz has address 163.7.134.112 > > mirror.fsmg.org.nz has IPv6 address 2404:138:4000:: > > > > When I changed sources.list to ftp.nz.debian.org, and tried installing > > inxi, the error was: > > > > [root@owl /etc/apt]# apt-get install inxi > > Reading package lists... Done > > Building dependency tree > > Reading state information... Done > > E: Unable to locate package inxi > > that's because you didn't update the packages lists after changing the repo. > > when you change sources.list, you have to run "apt-get update" (or "apt > update", etc) > > > > Testing with the Force config. I used the cowsay program as the test: > > [...it worked...] > > not surprising. the problem was, as I suspected, that your machine was > using the mirror's IPv6 IP address rather than IPv4. > > > I purged cowsay and then tried the nz mirror but it failed: > > > > [root@owl /home/ben/Downloads]# apt-get -o Acquire::ForceIPv4=true install > > cowsay > > Reading package lists... Done > > Building dependency tree > > Reading state information... Done > > E: Unable to locate package cowsay > > again, this is because you didn't run "apt-get update" after changing > sources.list > > > Whilst going through the process that was suggested and running > > the commands above, I returned to Firefox, and it now brings up > > http://ftp.au.debian.org/. The only extra thing that I have done which is > > not described above is to return the /etc/hosts file that I use to its > > original from the Pollock hosts file. > > > > -------start /etc/hosts------- > > 127.0.0.1 localhost > > 127.0.1.1 owl > > > > # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts > > ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback > > ff02::1 ip6-allnodes > > ff02::2 ip6-allrouters > > -------end /etc/hosts--------- > > > that hosts file looks OK. And isn't relevant here because it doesn't > have entries for either > ftp.au.debian.org or ftp.nz.debian.org. > > Dunno why you're calling it a "Pollock" hosts file. > > > I have now written the /etc/apt//apt.conf.d/zzz-ipv4.conf with the ipv4 > > Force config as suggested. > > > > The nz mirror still fails. I would really like to be able to change mirrors > > if I need to in the future. > > Just remember to run 'apt-get update' whenever you change sources.list. > > In fact, you should be running it before you do any apt/aptitude/apt-get/etc > operations like "upgrade", "dist-upgrade", "install", etc. Not before every > single apt-get command, but at least once for any day you intend to install or > upgrade packages, so that apt is working with an up to date Packages list and > knows WHAT packages & versions are available and WHERE they can be downloaded > from. > > > Is there anything in the results that looks like it can help? > > > > I'm wondering if this is an intermittent error of DNS, and if so, what I > > could do about it. > > If you don't use IPv6 at all, you could disable it in the kernel. e.g. by > adding IPV6_DISABLE=1 to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX entry in /etc/default/grub and > then running "update-grub"...the next time you reboot, ipv6 will be disabled. > > It's important to **ADD** it, not replace whatever might already be in > GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX. e.g. on one of my systems, I have this: > > GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="boot=zfs amd_iommu=on iommu=on amd_iommu_dump=hw > IPV6_DISABLE=1 log_buf_len=1M" > > I do this because my ISP doesn't support ipv6 and lots of software will > happily try to use an ipv6 address if a dns lookup returns an AAAA record and > the network interface has an ipv6 address, so it's just easier to disable ipv6 > entirely in the kernel. > > > > > Note that at some point in the far distant future when the promised day > arrives and ipv6 is used everywhere (or maybe earlier if your ISP starts > supporting it), you'll have to undo this. This has been "imminent" for years > now and is likely to remain imminent for the forseeable future. IMO, this > is not likely to happen until spyware corporations like LG and Samsung and > thousands of other IoT companies lobby/demand/bribe ISPs to get off their > arses and implement ipv6 so that it's easier for them to access their smart > tvs, fridges, toasters etc without annoying things like NAT getting in the > way. > > > craig > > -- > craig sanders <[email protected]> > _______________________________________________ > luv-main mailing list > [email protected] > https://lists.luv.asn.au/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/luv-main > _______________________________________________ luv-main mailing list [email protected] https://lists.luv.asn.au/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/luv-main
