> > BTW, where are the zerocopy patches for pipes? Maybe I'm missing
> > something but it seems that pipes inside the kernel are still
> > implememented by copying into the kernel and then copying out.
> > Whatever method the zerocopy pipes use is probably what I'm looking
> > for though.
>
> Ask DaveM or look through l-k archives for URL of recent variant...
I've attached the latest patch. I didn't send it to Linus yet - it isn't
really a bug fix, and there are a few open issures:
* I still hope that zero-copy (actually single copy) is possible for
PIPE_BUF (4096) byte transfers.
Unfortunately that would be a user space visible change:
void main()
{
int pipes[2];
pipe(pipes);
write(pipes[1],buf,PIPE_BUF);
}
would block, every other Unix version I tested doesn't block. (or
write(,,PIPE_BUF) after poll(POLLOUT) - I'm sure that there are apps
where the O_NONBLOCK is missing)
But since glibc by default uses 4096 byte writes it would speed up the
transfers.
* > 64 kB chunks
* memory pressure. Not that important for 64 kB transfers, but required
for larger buffers.
I tested the patch with 2.4.1, and it compiles with 2.4.2-ac11.
--
Manfred
// $Header$
// Kernel Version:
// VERSION = 2
// PATCHLEVEL = 4
// SUBLEVEL = 1
// EXTRAVERSION =
--- 2.4/fs/pipe.c Wed Feb 7 20:02:07 2001
+++ build-2.4/fs/pipe.c Thu Feb 8 21:11:10 2001
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
* linux/fs/pipe.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1999 Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ * Major pipe_read() and pipe_write() cleanup, kiobuf based
+ * single copy Copyright (C) 2001 Manfred Spraul
*/
#include <linux/mm.h>
@@ -10,6 +13,8 @@
#include <linux/malloc.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/iobuf.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -35,97 +40,149 @@
down(PIPE_SEM(*inode));
}
+struct pipe_pio {
+ int *pdone;
+ struct kiobuf iobuf;
+};
+
+static int
+pio_copy_to_user(struct kiobuf* iobuf, int offset, char* ubuf, int chars)
+{
+ int page_nr;
+ offset += iobuf->offset;
+ page_nr = offset/PAGE_SIZE;
+ offset %= PAGE_SIZE;
+ while(chars) {
+ int pcount = PAGE_SIZE-offset;
+ void *kaddr;
+ if (pcount > chars)
+ pcount = chars;
+ kaddr = kmap(iobuf->maplist[page_nr]);
+ if (copy_to_user(ubuf, kaddr+offset, pcount))
+ return 1;
+ kunmap(iobuf->maplist[page_nr]);
+ chars -= pcount;
+ ubuf += pcount;
+ offset = 0;
+ page_nr++;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
static ssize_t
pipe_read(struct file *filp, char *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct inode *inode = filp->f_dentry->d_inode;
- ssize_t size, read, ret;
+ ssize_t read, ret;
- /* Seeks are not allowed on pipes. */
- ret = -ESPIPE;
- read = 0;
+ /* pread is not allowed on pipes. */
if (ppos != &filp->f_pos)
- goto out_nolock;
+ return -ESPIPE;
/* Always return 0 on null read. */
- ret = 0;
if (count == 0)
- goto out_nolock;
+ return 0;
- /* Get the pipe semaphore */
- ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
- if (down_interruptible(PIPE_SEM(*inode)))
- goto out_nolock;
+ down(PIPE_SEM(*inode));
- if (PIPE_EMPTY(*inode)) {
-do_more_read:
+ read = 0;
+ for (;;) {
+ /* read what data is available */
+ int chars = PIPE_LEN(*inode);
+ if (chars) {
+ char *pipebuf = PIPE_BASE(*inode);
+ int offset = PIPE_START(*inode);
+
+ if (chars > count)
+ chars = count;
+ ret = -EFAULT;
+ if(PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode)) {
+ struct pipe_pio* pio = ((struct pipe_pio*)pipebuf);
+ if(pio_copy_to_user(&pio->iobuf, offset, buf, chars))
+ goto out;
+
+ PIPE_LEN(*inode) -= chars;
+ if(!PIPE_LEN(*inode)) {
+ unmap_kiobuf(&pio->iobuf);
+ *pio->pdone = 1;
+ PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode) = 0;
+ PIPE_START(*inode) = 0;
+ } else {
+ PIPE_START(*inode) += chars;
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (chars > PIPE_SIZE-offset)
+ chars = PIPE_SIZE-offset;
+ if (copy_to_user(buf, pipebuf+offset, chars))
+ goto out;
+ PIPE_LEN(*inode) -= chars;
+ if (!PIPE_LEN(*inode)) {
+ /* Cache behaviour optimization */
+ PIPE_START(*inode) = 0;
+ } else {
+ PIPE_START(*inode) += chars;
+ PIPE_START(*inode) &= (PIPE_SIZE - 1);
+ }
+ }
+ read += chars;
+ count -= chars;
+ buf += chars;
+ }
ret = 0;
+ if (!count)
+ goto out;
+
+ /* Rare special case:
+ * The pipe buffer was really circular,
+ * the wrapped bytes must be read before sleeping.
+ */
+ if (PIPE_LEN(*inode))
+ continue;
+
+ /* Never sleep if no process has the pipe open
+ * for writing */
if (!PIPE_WRITERS(*inode))
goto out;
+ /* Never sleep if O_NONBLOCK is set */
ret = -EAGAIN;
if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
goto out;
- for (;;) {
- PIPE_WAITING_READERS(*inode)++;
- pipe_wait(inode);
- PIPE_WAITING_READERS(*inode)--;
- ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
- if (signal_pending(current))
- goto out;
+ /* optimization:
+ * pipe_read() should return even if only a single byte
+ * was read. (Posix Std. 6.4.1.2)
+ * But if another process is sleeping in pipe_write()
+ * then we wait for that data - it's invisible for user
+ * space programs.
+ */
+ if (PIPE_MORE_DATA_WAITING(*inode)) {
+ /*
+ * We know that we are going to sleep: signal
+ * writers synchronously that there is more
+ * room.
+ */
+ wake_up_interruptible_sync(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
+ } else if (read) {
+ /* We know that there are no writers, no need
+ * for wake up.
+ */
ret = 0;
- if (!PIPE_EMPTY(*inode))
- break;
- if (!PIPE_WRITERS(*inode))
- goto out;
+ goto out;
}
- }
- /* Read what data is available. */
- ret = -EFAULT;
- while (count > 0 && (size = PIPE_LEN(*inode))) {
- char *pipebuf = PIPE_BASE(*inode) + PIPE_START(*inode);
- ssize_t chars = PIPE_MAX_RCHUNK(*inode);
-
- if (chars > count)
- chars = count;
- if (chars > size)
- chars = size;
-
- if (copy_to_user(buf, pipebuf, chars))
+ pipe_wait(inode);
+ ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
+ if (signal_pending(current))
goto out;
-
- read += chars;
- PIPE_START(*inode) += chars;
- PIPE_START(*inode) &= (PIPE_SIZE - 1);
- PIPE_LEN(*inode) -= chars;
- count -= chars;
- buf += chars;
}
- /* Cache behaviour optimization */
- if (!PIPE_LEN(*inode))
- PIPE_START(*inode) = 0;
-
- if (count && PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(*inode) && !(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)) {
- /*
- * We know that we are going to sleep: signal
- * writers synchronously that there is more
- * room.
- */
- wake_up_interruptible_sync(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
- if (!PIPE_EMPTY(*inode))
- BUG();
- goto do_more_read;
- }
+out:
/* Signal writers asynchronously that there is more room. */
- wake_up_interruptible(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
+ if (read && !PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode))
+ wake_up_interruptible(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
- ret = read;
-out:
up(PIPE_SEM(*inode));
-out_nolock:
if (read)
ret = read;
return ret;
@@ -136,113 +193,143 @@
{
struct inode *inode = filp->f_dentry->d_inode;
ssize_t free, written, ret;
+ int pio_done, do_wakeup;
- /* Seeks are not allowed on pipes. */
- ret = -ESPIPE;
- written = 0;
+ /* pwrite is not allowed on pipes. */
if (ppos != &filp->f_pos)
- goto out_nolock;
+ return -ESPIPE;
/* Null write succeeds. */
- ret = 0;
if (count == 0)
- goto out_nolock;
-
- ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
- if (down_interruptible(PIPE_SEM(*inode)))
- goto out_nolock;
+ return 0;
- /* No readers yields SIGPIPE. */
- if (!PIPE_READERS(*inode))
- goto sigpipe;
+ down(PIPE_SEM(*inode));
/* If count <= PIPE_BUF, we have to make it atomic. */
free = (count <= PIPE_BUF ? count : 1);
- /* Wait, or check for, available space. */
- if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
- ret = -EAGAIN;
- if (PIPE_FREE(*inode) < free)
+ written = 0;
+ pio_done = 1;
+ do_wakeup = 0;
+ for(;;) {
+ /* No readers yields SIGPIPE. */
+ ret = -EPIPE;
+ if (!PIPE_READERS(*inode))
goto out;
- } else {
- while (PIPE_FREE(*inode) < free) {
- PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(*inode)++;
- pipe_wait(inode);
- PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(*inode)--;
- ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
- if (signal_pending(current))
- goto out;
- if (!PIPE_READERS(*inode))
- goto sigpipe;
- }
- }
-
- /* Copy into available space. */
- ret = -EFAULT;
- while (count > 0) {
- int space;
- char *pipebuf = PIPE_BASE(*inode) + PIPE_END(*inode);
- ssize_t chars = PIPE_MAX_WCHUNK(*inode);
-
- if ((space = PIPE_FREE(*inode)) != 0) {
- if (chars > count)
- chars = count;
- if (chars > space)
- chars = space;
-
- if (copy_from_user(pipebuf, buf, chars))
- goto out;
-
- written += chars;
- PIPE_LEN(*inode) += chars;
- count -= chars;
- buf += chars;
- space = PIPE_FREE(*inode);
- continue;
+ if(!PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode)) {
+ int chars;
+ /* Copy into available space. */
+ chars = PIPE_FREE(*inode);
+
+ /*
+ * Try zero-copy:
+ * - only possible if the normal pipe buffer
+ * is empty
+ * - only possible if we can block:
+ * a) O_NONBLOCK not set
+ * and
+ * b) request for more than PIPE_BUF bytes.
+ * No Unix version blocks in pipe write for
+ * <= PIPE_BUF bytes after poll() returned POLLOUT.
+ */
+ ret = -EFAULT;
+ if (count > PIPE_BUF && chars == PIPE_SIZE &&
+ (!(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK))) {
+ struct pipe_pio* pio = (struct
+pipe_pio*)PIPE_BASE(*inode);
+ chars = KIO_MAX_ATOMIC_BYTES;
+ if (chars > count)
+ chars = count;
+ kiobuf_init(&pio->iobuf);
+ if(map_user_kiobuf(READ, &pio->iobuf, (unsigned
+long)buf, chars))
+ goto out;
+ PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode) = 1;
+ pio_done = 0;
+ pio->pdone = &pio_done;
+
+ written += chars;
+ PIPE_LEN(*inode) += chars;
+ count -= chars;
+ buf += chars;
+ do_wakeup = 1;
+ } else if (chars >= free) {
+ int offset;
+next_chunk:
+ offset = PIPE_END(*inode);
+
+ if (chars > count)
+ chars = count;
+ if (chars > PIPE_SIZE-offset)
+ chars = PIPE_SIZE-offset;
+ if (copy_from_user(PIPE_BASE(*inode)+offset, buf,
+chars))
+ goto out;
+
+ written += chars;
+ PIPE_LEN(*inode) += chars;
+ count -= chars;
+ buf += chars;
+ do_wakeup = 1;
+
+ if(!count)
+ break; /* DONE! */
+
+ /* special case: pipe buffer wrapped */
+ if(PIPE_LEN(*inode) != PIPE_SIZE) {
+ chars = PIPE_FREE(*inode);
+ goto next_chunk;
+ }
+ }
}
- ret = written;
+ ret = -EAGAIN;
if (filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK)
break;
- do {
+ /* Do not wakeup unless data was written, otherwise
+ * multiple writers can cause a wakeup storm
+ */
+ if(do_wakeup) {
/*
* Synchronous wake-up: it knows that this process
* is going to give up this CPU, so it doesnt have
* to do idle reschedules.
*/
wake_up_interruptible_sync(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
- PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(*inode)++;
- pipe_wait(inode);
- PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(*inode)--;
- if (signal_pending(current))
- goto out;
- if (!PIPE_READERS(*inode))
- goto sigpipe;
- } while (!PIPE_FREE(*inode));
- ret = -EFAULT;
+ do_wakeup = 0;
+ }
+ if (count)
+ PIPE_MORE_DATA_WAITING(*inode)++;
+ pipe_wait(inode);
+ if (count)
+ PIPE_MORE_DATA_WAITING(*inode)--;
+ if (!count && pio_done)
+ break; /* DONE */
+ ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
+ if (signal_pending(current))
+ goto out;
}
-
- /* Signal readers asynchronously that there is more data. */
- wake_up_interruptible(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
-
- inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME;
- mark_inode_dirty(inode);
-
out:
- up(PIPE_SEM(*inode));
-out_nolock:
- if (written)
- ret = written;
- return ret;
+ if(!pio_done) {
+ struct pipe_pio* pio = (struct pipe_pio*)PIPE_BASE(*inode);
+ PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode) = 0;
+ written -= PIPE_LEN(*inode);
+ PIPE_LEN(*inode) = 0;
+ unmap_kiobuf(&pio->iobuf);
+ wake_up_interruptible(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
+ }
+ if (written) {
+ inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = CURRENT_TIME;
+ mark_inode_dirty(inode);
-sigpipe:
- if (written)
- goto out;
+ ret = written;
+ }
up(PIPE_SEM(*inode));
- send_sig(SIGPIPE, current, 0);
- return -EPIPE;
+ /* Signal readers asynchronously that there is more data. */
+ if(do_wakeup)
+ wake_up_interruptible(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
+ if (ret == -EPIPE)
+ send_sig(SIGPIPE, current, 0);
+ return ret;
}
static loff_t
@@ -453,9 +540,10 @@
init_waitqueue_head(PIPE_WAIT(*inode));
PIPE_BASE(*inode) = (char*) page;
+ PIPE_IS_PIO(*inode) = 0;
PIPE_START(*inode) = PIPE_LEN(*inode) = 0;
PIPE_READERS(*inode) = PIPE_WRITERS(*inode) = 0;
- PIPE_WAITING_READERS(*inode) = PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(*inode) = 0;
+ PIPE_MORE_DATA_WAITING(*inode) = 0;
PIPE_RCOUNTER(*inode) = PIPE_WCOUNTER(*inode) = 1;
return inode;
--- 2.4/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h Wed Feb 7 20:02:07 2001
+++ build-2.4/include/linux/pipe_fs_i.h Wed Feb 7 22:08:15 2001
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
struct pipe_inode_info {
wait_queue_head_t wait;
char *base;
+ unsigned int is_pio;
unsigned int start;
unsigned int readers;
unsigned int writers;
- unsigned int waiting_readers;
- unsigned int waiting_writers;
+ unsigned int more_data;
unsigned int r_counter;
unsigned int w_counter;
};
@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@
#define PIPE_SEM(inode) (&(inode).i_sem)
#define PIPE_WAIT(inode) (&(inode).i_pipe->wait)
#define PIPE_BASE(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->base)
+#define PIPE_IS_PIO(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->is_pio)
#define PIPE_START(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->start)
#define PIPE_LEN(inode) ((inode).i_size)
#define PIPE_READERS(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->readers)
#define PIPE_WRITERS(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->writers)
-#define PIPE_WAITING_READERS(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->waiting_readers)
-#define PIPE_WAITING_WRITERS(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->waiting_writers)
+#define PIPE_MORE_DATA_WAITING(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->more_data)
#define PIPE_RCOUNTER(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->r_counter)
#define PIPE_WCOUNTER(inode) ((inode).i_pipe->w_counter)
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@
#define PIPE_FULL(inode) (PIPE_LEN(inode) == PIPE_SIZE)
#define PIPE_FREE(inode) (PIPE_SIZE - PIPE_LEN(inode))
#define PIPE_END(inode) ((PIPE_START(inode) + PIPE_LEN(inode)) & (PIPE_SIZE-1))
-#define PIPE_MAX_RCHUNK(inode) (PIPE_SIZE - PIPE_START(inode))
-#define PIPE_MAX_WCHUNK(inode) (PIPE_SIZE - PIPE_END(inode))
/* Drop the inode semaphore and wait for a pipe event, atomically */
void pipe_wait(struct inode * inode);
