Thanks, I’ve addressed these points in v6 and will post the full revised
series shortly when the timing gate opens.

On Mon, Sep 21, 2026 at 6:44 PM Michael S. Tsirkin <[email protected]> wrote:

> On Sun, Sep 20, 2026 at 10:53:40PM -0400, Paulos Yibelo wrote:
> > __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() rejects a CHECKSUM_PARTIAL start smaller than
> > an estimated minimum network-header length. Its input offsets are
> relative
> > to skb->data.
> >
> > Using skb_network_offset() here is unsafe. TUN/TAP, virtio-net, and UML
> > parse a received virtio header before skb->network_header is established.
> > On an skb with headroom, the resulting negative offset enlarges the
> > apparent distance to the transport header and can admit a checksum start
> > inside the network header.
> >
> > Pass the data-relative L3 offset to the converter explicitly. IFF_TUN
> uses
> > zero, AF_PACKET supplies its established network offset, and Ethernet
> > receive paths parse Ethernet and nested VLAN headers with
> > skb_header_pointer(), without changing skb state. Use the same origin for
> > tunnel-offset validation, and make UML propagate conversion failures.
> >
> > This does not require a virtual-machine guest. A TUN or TAP device with
> > virtio-net header support is sufficient to reach these paths.
> >
> > Fixes: 49d14b54a527 ("net: test for not too small csum_start in
> virtio_net_hdr_to_skb()")
> > Fixes: a2fb4bc4e2a6 ("net: implement virtio helpers to handle UDP GSO
> tunneling.")
> > Reported-by: Paulos Yibelo <[email protected]>
> > Link:
> https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[email protected]/
> > Cc: [email protected]
> > Signed-off-by: Paulos Yibelo <[email protected]>
> > ---
> > Changes in v5:
> > - Replace the not-yet-established skb network-header offset with an
> >   explicit data-relative L3 origin.
> > - Cover all in-tree callers, including Ethernet/VLAN receive paths,
> >   tunnel metadata, and UML error propagation.
> > - Drop the prior Acked-by and Reviewed-by tags because the code changed.
> >
> > Changes in v4:
> > - State that a TUN device is sufficient and no guest is required, as
> >   noted by Michael S. Tsirkin.
> >
> > Changes in v3:
> > - Keep the network-relative comparison on one line for readability, as
> >   requested by David Ahern.
> >
> > Changes in v2:
> > - Make nh_min_len an int and remove the casts, as suggested by Michael S.
> >   Tsirkin.
> >
> >  arch/um/drivers/vector_transports.c | 10 +++-
> >  drivers/net/tun_vnet.h              | 28 ++++++++++-
> >  drivers/net/virtio_net.c            |  8 ++-
> >  include/linux/virtio_net.h          | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++------
> >  net/packet/af_packet.c              |  6 ++-
> >  5 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/um/drivers/vector_transports.c
> b/arch/um/drivers/vector_transports.c
> > index ddd127ee9..79bc05fc6 100644
> > --- a/arch/um/drivers/vector_transports.c
> > +++ b/arch/um/drivers/vector_transports.c
> > @@ -197,6 +197,7 @@ static int raw_verify_header(
> >       uint8_t *header, struct sk_buff *skb, struct vector_private *vp)
> >  {
> >       struct virtio_net_hdr *vheader = (struct virtio_net_hdr *) header;
> > +     int network_offset;
> >
> >       if ((vheader->gso_type != VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_NONE) &&
> >               (vp->req_size != 65536)) {
> > @@ -209,8 +210,13 @@ static int raw_verify_header(
> >       if ((vheader->flags & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_DATA_VALID) > 0)
> >               return 1;
> >
> > -     virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, vheader,
> virtio_legacy_is_little_endian());
> > -     return 0;
> > +     network_offset = virtio_net_hdr_get_l3_offset(skb, vheader);
> > +     if (network_offset < 0)
> > +             return network_offset;
> > +
> > +     return virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, vheader,
> > +                                  virtio_legacy_is_little_endian(),
> > +                                  network_offset);
> >  }
> >
> >  static bool get_uint_param(
> > diff --git a/drivers/net/tun_vnet.h b/drivers/net/tun_vnet.h
> > index f4c652b1f..1c83c359d 100644
> > --- a/drivers/net/tun_vnet.h
> > +++ b/drivers/net/tun_vnet.h
> > @@ -177,10 +177,27 @@ static inline int tun_vnet_hdr_put(int sz, struct
> iov_iter *iter,
> >       return __tun_vnet_hdr_put(sz, 0, iter, hdr);
> >  }
> >
> > +static inline int
> > +tun_vnet_hdr_get_l3_offset(unsigned int flags, const struct sk_buff
> *skb,
> > +                        const struct virtio_net_hdr *hdr)
> > +{
> > +     if ((flags & TUN_TYPE_MASK) != IFF_TAP)
> > +             return 0;
> > +
> > +     return virtio_net_hdr_get_l3_offset(skb, hdr);
> > +}
> > +
> >  static inline int tun_vnet_hdr_to_skb(unsigned int flags, struct
> sk_buff *skb,
> >                                     const struct virtio_net_hdr *hdr)
> >  {
> > -     return virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr,
> tun_vnet_is_little_endian(flags));
> > +     int network_offset = tun_vnet_hdr_get_l3_offset(flags, skb, hdr);
> > +
> > +     if (network_offset < 0)
> > +             return network_offset;
> > +
> > +     return virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr,
> > +                                  tun_vnet_is_little_endian(flags),
> > +                                  network_offset);
> >  }
> >
> >  /*
> > @@ -199,10 +216,17 @@ tun_vnet_hdr_tnl_to_skb(unsigned int flags,
> netdev_features_t features,
> >                       struct sk_buff *skb,
> >                       const struct virtio_net_hdr_v1_hash_tunnel *hdr)
> >  {
> > +     const struct virtio_net_hdr *vnet_hdr = (const struct
> virtio_net_hdr *)hdr;
> > +     int network_offset = tun_vnet_hdr_get_l3_offset(flags, skb,
> vnet_hdr);
> > +
> > +     if (network_offset < 0)
> > +             return network_offset;
> > +
> >       return virtio_net_hdr_tnl_to_skb(skb, hdr,
> >                               features & NETIF_F_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL,
> >                               features & NETIF_F_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL_CSUM,
> > -                             tun_vnet_is_little_endian(flags));
> > +                             tun_vnet_is_little_endian(flags),
> > +                             network_offset);
> >  }
> >
> >  static inline int tun_vnet_hdr_from_skb(unsigned int flags,
> > diff --git a/drivers/net/virtio_net.c b/drivers/net/virtio_net.c
> > index e34c52d05..059eeb18e 100644
> > --- a/drivers/net/virtio_net.c
> > +++ b/drivers/net/virtio_net.c
> > @@ -2502,6 +2502,7 @@ static void virtnet_receive_done(struct
> virtnet_info *vi, struct receive_queue *
> >  {
> >       struct virtio_net_common_hdr *hdr;
> >       struct net_device *dev = vi->dev;
> > +     int network_offset;
> >
> >       hdr = skb_vnet_common_hdr(skb);
> >       if (dev->features & NETIF_F_RXHASH && vi->has_rss_hash_report)
> > @@ -2515,9 +2516,12 @@ static void virtnet_receive_done(struct
> virtnet_info *vi, struct receive_queue *
> >               goto frame_err;
> >       }
> >
> > -     if (virtio_net_hdr_tnl_to_skb(skb, &hdr->tnl_hdr, vi->rx_tnl,
> > +     network_offset = virtio_net_hdr_get_l3_offset(skb, &hdr->hdr);
> > +     if (network_offset < 0 ||
> > +         virtio_net_hdr_tnl_to_skb(skb, &hdr->tnl_hdr, vi->rx_tnl,
> >                                     vi->rx_tnl_csum,
> > -                                   virtio_is_little_endian(vi->vdev))) {
> > +                                   virtio_is_little_endian(vi->vdev),
> > +                                   network_offset)) {
> >               net_warn_ratelimited("%s: bad gso: type: %x, size: %u,
> flags %x tunnel %d tnl csum %d\n",
> >                                    dev->name, hdr->hdr.gso_type,
> >                                    hdr->hdr.gso_size, hdr->hdr.flags,
> > diff --git a/include/linux/virtio_net.h b/include/linux/virtio_net.h
> > index c381b916c..a4c005796 100644
> > --- a/include/linux/virtio_net.h
> > +++ b/include/linux/virtio_net.h
> > @@ -48,11 +48,49 @@ static inline int virtio_net_hdr_set_proto(struct
> sk_buff *skb,
> >       return 0;
> >  }
> >
> > +/*
> > + * Return the L3 offset of an Ethernet frame starting at skb->data.
> > + * The offset is unused without NEEDS_CSUM, so avoid parsing and return
> zero.
> > + */
> > +static inline int
> > +virtio_net_hdr_get_l3_offset(const struct sk_buff *skb,
> > +                          const struct virtio_net_hdr *hdr)
> > +{
> > +     unsigned int parse_depth = VLAN_MAX_DEPTH;
> > +     const struct ethhdr *eth;
> > +     struct ethhdr ethbuf;
> > +     __be16 protocol;
> > +     int depth = ETH_HLEN;
> > +
> > +     if (!(hdr->flags & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_NEEDS_CSUM))
> > +             return 0;
> > +
> > +     eth = skb_header_pointer(skb, 0, sizeof(ethbuf), &ethbuf);
> > +     if (!eth)
> > +             return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > +     protocol = eth->h_proto;
> > +     while (eth_type_vlan(protocol)) {
> > +             const struct vlan_hdr *vh;
> > +             struct vlan_hdr vhdr;
> > +
> > +             vh = skb_header_pointer(skb, depth, sizeof(vhdr), &vhdr);
> > +             if (!vh || !--parse_depth)
> > +                     return -EINVAL;
> > +
> > +             protocol = vh->h_vlan_encapsulated_proto;
> > +             depth += VLAN_HLEN;
> > +     }
> > +
> > +     return depth;
> > +}
> > +
> >  static inline int __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(struct sk_buff *skb,
> >                                         const struct virtio_net_hdr *hdr,
> > -                                       bool little_endian, u8
> hdr_gso_type)
> > +                                       bool little_endian, u8
> hdr_gso_type,
> > +                                       int network_offset)
> >  {
> > -     unsigned int nh_min_len = sizeof(struct iphdr);
> > +     int nh_min_len = sizeof(struct iphdr);
>
>
> So why is this IPv4 specific assumption still here? Confused.
>
>
> >       unsigned int gso_type = 0;
> >       unsigned int thlen = 0;
> >       unsigned int p_off = 0;
> > @@ -98,16 +136,20 @@ static inline int __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(struct
> sk_buff *skb,
> >               u32 start = __virtio16_to_cpu(little_endian,
> hdr->csum_start);
> >               u32 off = __virtio16_to_cpu(little_endian,
> hdr->csum_offset);
> >               u32 needed = start + max_t(u32, thlen, off +
> sizeof(__sum16));
> > +             int transport_offset;
> >
> >               if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, needed))
> >                       return -EINVAL;
> >
> >               if (!skb_partial_csum_set(skb, start, off))
> >                       return -EINVAL;
> > -             if (skb_transport_offset(skb) < nh_min_len)
> > +
> > +             transport_offset = skb_transport_offset(skb);
> > +             if (transport_offset < nh_min_len || network_offset < 0 ||
> > +                 network_offset > transport_offset - nh_min_len)
> >                       return -EINVAL;
> >
> > -             nh_min_len = skb_transport_offset(skb);
> > +             nh_min_len = transport_offset;
> >               p_off = nh_min_len + thlen;
> >               if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, p_off))
> >                       return -EINVAL;
> > @@ -206,9 +248,11 @@ static inline int __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(struct
> sk_buff *skb,
> >
> >  static inline int virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(struct sk_buff *skb,
> >                                       const struct virtio_net_hdr *hdr,
> > -                                     bool little_endian)
> > +                                     bool little_endian,
> > +                                     int network_offset)
> >  {
> > -     return __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr, little_endian,
> hdr->gso_type);
> > +     return __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr, little_endian,
> hdr->gso_type,
> > +                                    network_offset);
> >  }
> >
> >  /* This function must be called after virtio_net_hdr_from_skb(). */
> > @@ -287,7 +331,7 @@ static inline int virtio_net_hdr_from_skb(const
> struct sk_buff *skb,
> >       return 0;
> >  }
> >
> > -static inline unsigned int virtio_l3min(bool is_ipv6)
> > +static inline int virtio_l3min(bool is_ipv6)
> >  {
> >       return is_ipv6 ? sizeof(struct ipv6hdr) : sizeof(struct iphdr);
> >  }
> > @@ -297,18 +341,19 @@ virtio_net_hdr_tnl_to_skb(struct sk_buff *skb,
> >                         const struct virtio_net_hdr_v1_hash_tunnel *vhdr,
> >                         bool tnl_hdr_negotiated,
> >                         bool tnl_csum_negotiated,
> > -                       bool little_endian)
> > +                       bool little_endian, int network_offset)
> >  {
> >       const struct virtio_net_hdr *hdr = (const struct virtio_net_hdr
> *)vhdr;
> > -     unsigned int inner_nh, outer_th, inner_th;
> > -     unsigned int inner_l3min, outer_l3min;
> >       u8 gso_inner_type, gso_tunnel_type;
> >       bool outer_isv6, inner_isv6;
> > +     int inner_nh, outer_th, inner_th;
> > +     int inner_l3min, outer_l3min;
> >       int ret;
> >
> >       gso_tunnel_type = hdr->gso_type & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL;
> >       if (!gso_tunnel_type)
> > -             return virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr, little_endian);
> > +             return virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr, little_endian,
> > +                                          network_offset);
> >
> >       /* Tunnel not supported/negotiated, but the hdr asks for it. */
> >       if (!tnl_hdr_negotiated)
> > @@ -332,19 +377,22 @@ virtio_net_hdr_tnl_to_skb(struct sk_buff *skb,
> >       outer_isv6 = gso_tunnel_type & VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL_IPV6;
> >       inner_isv6 = gso_inner_type == VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_TCPV6;
> >       inner_l3min = virtio_l3min(inner_isv6);
> > -     outer_l3min = ETH_HLEN + virtio_l3min(outer_isv6);
> > +     outer_l3min = virtio_l3min(outer_isv6);
> >
> >       inner_th = __virtio16_to_cpu(little_endian, hdr->csum_start);
> >       inner_nh = le16_to_cpu(vhdr->inner_nh_offset);
> >       outer_th = le16_to_cpu(vhdr->outer_th_offset);
> > -     if (outer_th < outer_l3min ||
> > +     if (network_offset < 0 ||
> > +         outer_th < outer_l3min ||
> > +         network_offset > outer_th - outer_l3min ||
> >           inner_nh < outer_th + sizeof(struct udphdr) ||
> >           inner_th < inner_nh + inner_l3min)
> >               return -EINVAL;
> >
> >       /* Let the basic parsing deal with plain GSO features. */
> >       ret = __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, hdr, true,
> > -                                   hdr->gso_type & ~gso_tunnel_type);
> > +                                   hdr->gso_type & ~gso_tunnel_type,
> > +                                   network_offset);
> >       if (ret)
> >               return ret;
> >
> > diff --git a/net/packet/af_packet.c b/net/packet/af_packet.c
> > index 50cae32ae..04c80e23d 100644
> > --- a/net/packet/af_packet.c
> > +++ b/net/packet/af_packet.c
> > @@ -2901,7 +2901,8 @@ static int tpacket_snd(struct packet_sock *po,
> struct msghdr *msg)
> >               }
> >
> >               if (has_vnet_hdr) {
> > -                     if (virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, &vnet_hdr,
> vio_le())) {
> > +                     if (virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, &vnet_hdr, vio_le(),
> > +
>  skb_network_offset(skb))) {
> >                               tp_len = -EINVAL;
> >                               goto tpacket_error;
> >                       }
>
> Will this do the right thing for ETH_P_IP sockets? even with vlan tags
> in the frame?
>
>
> > @@ -3103,7 +3104,8 @@ static int packet_snd(struct socket *sock, struct
> msghdr *msg, size_t len)
> >       packet_parse_headers(skb, sock);
> >
> >       if (vnet_hdr_sz) {
> > -             err = virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, &vnet_hdr, vio_le());
> > +             err = virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(skb, &vnet_hdr, vio_le(),
> > +                                         skb_network_offset(skb));
> >               if (err)
> >                       goto out_free;
> >               len += vnet_hdr_sz;
> > --
> > 2.46.0
>
>

-- 
PGP Key ID: 53911E7F16446D4C :)

Attachment: 0002-ip-reject-partial-checksums-covering-network-headers.patch
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Attachment: 0001-net-validate-virtio-checksum-start-after-network-hea.patch
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