The bootloader loads the initrd file from disk to memory so it knows exactly where it starts and it knows the end of it which is the start address + size of file.4. the question that remans - how does the boot loader know where to find initrd_start and initrd_end? does it look their location directly in the kernel's elf file and updates their contents? naah... this is done in the architecture-specific code (e.g. for i386, in arch/i386/kernel/setup.c - look for initrd_start there).
follow the yellow-break road....
The boot loader puts this information into PARAM block which is a block of memory the kernel reads when it loads. In other architectures this usualy passed to the processor via registers (R3 in case of PPC).
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Ori Idan
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