From: Yifan Zhao <zhaoyifa...@huawei.com>
This patch introduces experimental S3 support for mkfs.erofs, allowing
EROFS images to be generated from AWS S3 and/or other S3 API-compatible
services.
Here are the current limitations:
- Only meta-only EROFS image generation is supported;
- Only AWS Signature Version 2 is supported;
- The S3 object names and sizes are strictly respected during image
generation.
Co-developed-by: Hongbo Li <lihongb...@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Hongbo Li <lihongb...@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yifan Zhao <zhaoyifa...@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <hsiang...@linux.alibaba.com>
---
v7:
- Fix `NextMarker` omission on the standard AWS S3;
- Add `prefix` support for S3 ListObjects.
lib/Makefile.am | 3 +
lib/liberofs_s3.h | 3 +
lib/remotes/s3.c | 670 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
mkfs/main.c | 10 +-
4 files changed, 684 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 lib/remotes/s3.c
diff --git a/lib/Makefile.am b/lib/Makefile.am
index 6458acf..b079897 100644
--- a/lib/Makefile.am
+++ b/lib/Makefile.am
@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ else
liberofs_la_SOURCES += xxhash.c
endif
liberofs_la_CFLAGS += ${libcurl_CFLAGS} ${openssl_CFLAGS} ${libxml2_CFLAGS}
+if ENABLE_S3
+liberofs_la_SOURCES += remotes/s3.c
+endif
if ENABLE_EROFS_MT
liberofs_la_LDFLAGS = -lpthread
liberofs_la_SOURCES += workqueue.c
diff --git a/lib/liberofs_s3.h b/lib/liberofs_s3.h
index 4d3555e..4ac03d5 100644
--- a/lib/liberofs_s3.h
+++ b/lib/liberofs_s3.h
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ struct erofs_s3 {
enum s3erofs_signature_version sig;
};
+int s3erofs_build_trees(struct erofs_inode *root, struct erofs_s3 *s3,
+ const char *path);
+
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
diff --git a/lib/remotes/s3.c b/lib/remotes/s3.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46fba6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/remotes/s3.c
@@ -0,0 +1,670 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ OR Apache-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 HUAWEI, Inc.
+ * http://www.huawei.com/
+ * Created by Yifan Zhao <zhaoyifa...@huawei.com>
+ */
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <curl/curl.h>
+#include <libxml/parser.h>
+#include <openssl/hmac.h>
+#include "erofs/internal.h"
+#include "erofs/print.h"
+#include "erofs/inode.h"
+#include "erofs/blobchunk.h"
+#include "erofs/rebuild.h"
+#include "liberofs_s3.h"
+
+#define S3EROFS_PATH_MAX 1024
+#define S3EROFS_MAX_QUERY_PARAMS 16
+#define S3EROFS_URL_LEN 8192
+#define S3EROFS_CANONICAL_QUERY_LEN 2048
+
+#define BASE64_ENCODE_LEN(len) (((len + 2) / 3) * 4)
+
+static CURL *easy_curl;
+
+struct s3erofs_query_params {
+ int num;
+ const char *key[S3EROFS_MAX_QUERY_PARAMS];
+ const char *value[S3EROFS_MAX_QUERY_PARAMS];
+};
+
+struct s3erofs_curl_request {
+ const char *method;
+ char url[S3EROFS_URL_LEN];
+ char canonical_query[S3EROFS_CANONICAL_QUERY_LEN];
+};
+
+static int s3erofs_prepare_url(struct s3erofs_curl_request *req,
+ const char *endpoint,
+ const char *path,
+ struct s3erofs_query_params *params,
+ enum s3erofs_url_style url_style)
+{
+ static const char https[] = "https://";;
+ const char *schema, *host;
+ bool slash = false;
+ char *url = req->url;
+ int pos, i;
+
+ if (!endpoint || !path)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ schema = strstr(endpoint, "://");
+ if (!schema) {
+ schema = https;
+ host = endpoint;
+ } else {
+ host = schema + sizeof("://") - 1;
+ schema = strndup(endpoint, host - endpoint);
+ if (!schema)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ if (url_style == S3EROFS_URL_STYLE_PATH) {
+ pos = snprintf(url, S3EROFS_URL_LEN, "%s%s/%s", schema,
+ host, path);
+ } else {
+ const char * split = strchr(path, '/');
+
+ if (!split) {
+ pos = snprintf(url, S3EROFS_URL_LEN, "%s%s.%s/",
+ schema, path, host);
+ slash = true;
+ } else {
+ pos = snprintf(url, S3EROFS_URL_LEN, "%s%.*s.%s%s",
+ schema, (int)(split - path), path,
+ host, split);
+ }
+ }
+ i = snprintf(req->canonical_query, S3EROFS_CANONICAL_QUERY_LEN,
+ "/%s%s", path, slash ? "/" : "");
+ req->canonical_query[i] = '\0';
+
+ for (i = 0; i < params->num; i++)
+ pos += snprintf(url + pos, S3EROFS_URL_LEN - pos, "%c%s=%s",
+ (!i ? '?' : '&'),
+ params->key[i], params->value[i]);
+ if (schema != https)
+ free((void *)schema);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static char *get_canonical_headers(const struct curl_slist *list) { return "";
}
+
+// See:
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/RESTAuthentication.html#ConstructingTheAuthenticationHeader
+static char *s3erofs_sigv2_header(const struct curl_slist *headers,
+ const char *method, const char *content_md5,
+ const char *content_type, const char *date,
+ const char *canonical_query, const char *ak, const char *sk)
+{
+ u8 hmac_signature[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
+ char *str, *output = NULL;
+ unsigned int len, pos, output_len;
+ const char *canonical_headers = get_canonical_headers(headers);
+ const char *prefix = "Authorization: AWS ";
+
+ if (!method || !date || !ak || !sk)
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+ if (!content_md5)
+ content_md5 = "";
+ if (!content_type)
+ content_type = "";
+ if (!canonical_query)
+ canonical_query = "/";
+
+ pos = asprintf(&str, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s%s", method, content_md5,
+ content_type, date, canonical_headers, canonical_query);
+ if (pos < 0)
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+ if (!HMAC(EVP_sha1(), sk, strlen(sk), (u8 *)str, strlen(str),
hmac_signature, &len))
+ goto free_string;
+
+ output_len = BASE64_ENCODE_LEN(len);
+ output_len += strlen(prefix);
+ output_len += strlen(ak);
+ output_len += 1; /* for ':' between ak and signature */
+
+ output = (char *)malloc(output_len + 1);
+ if (!output)
+ goto free_string;
+
+ pos = snprintf(output, output_len, "%s%s:", prefix, ak);
+ if (pos < 0)
+ goto free_string;
+ EVP_EncodeBlock((u8 *)output + pos, hmac_signature, len);
+free_string:
+ free(str);
+ return output ?: ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+}
+
+static void s3erofs_now_rfc1123(char *buf, size_t maxlen)
+{
+ time_t now = time(NULL);
+ struct tm *ptm = gmtime(&now);
+
+ strftime(buf, maxlen, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", ptm);
+}
+
+struct s3erofs_curl_response {
+ char *data;
+ size_t size;
+};
+
+static size_t s3erofs_request_write_memory_cb(void *contents, size_t size,
+ size_t nmemb, void *userp)
+{
+ size_t realsize = size * nmemb;
+ struct s3erofs_curl_response *response = userp;
+ void *tmp;
+
+ tmp = realloc(response->data, response->size + realsize + 1);
+ if (tmp == NULL)
+ return 0;
+
+ response->data = tmp;
+
+ memcpy(response->data + response->size, contents, realsize);
+ response->size += realsize;
+ response->data[response->size] = '\0';
+ return realsize;
+}
+
+static int s3erofs_request_insert_auth(struct curl_slist **request_headers,
+ const char *method,
+ const char *canonical_query,
+ const char *ak, const char *sk)
+{
+ static const char date_prefix[] = "Date: ";
+ char date[64], *sigv2;
+
+ memcpy(date, date_prefix, sizeof(date_prefix) - 1);
+ s3erofs_now_rfc1123(date + sizeof(date_prefix) - 1,
+ sizeof(date) - sizeof(date_prefix) + 1);
+
+ sigv2 = s3erofs_sigv2_header(*request_headers, method, NULL, NULL,
+ date + sizeof(date_prefix) - 1,
+ canonical_query, ak, sk);
+ if (IS_ERR(sigv2))
+ return PTR_ERR(sigv2);
+
+ *request_headers = curl_slist_append(*request_headers, date);
+ *request_headers = curl_slist_append(*request_headers, sigv2);
+
+ free(sigv2);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int s3erofs_request_perform(struct erofs_s3 *s3,
+ struct s3erofs_curl_request *req, void *resp)
+{
+ struct curl_slist *request_headers = NULL;
+ long http_code = 0;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (s3->access_key[0]) {
+ ret = s3erofs_request_insert_auth(&request_headers, req->method,
+ req->canonical_query,
+ s3->access_key,
s3->secret_key);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ erofs_err("failed to insert auth headers");
+ return ret;
+ }
+ }
+
+ curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_URL, req->url);
+ curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, resp);
+ curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, request_headers);
+
+ ret = curl_easy_perform(easy_curl);
+ if (ret != CURLE_OK) {
+ erofs_err("curl_easy_perform() failed: %s",
+ curl_easy_strerror(ret));
+ ret = -EIO;
+ goto err_header;
+ }
+
+ ret = curl_easy_getinfo(easy_curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &http_code);
+ if (ret != CURLE_OK) {
+ erofs_err("curl_easy_getinfo() failed: %s",
+ curl_easy_strerror(ret));
+ ret = -EIO;
+ goto err_header;
+ }
+
+ if (!(http_code >= 200 && http_code < 300)) {
+ erofs_err("request failed with HTTP code %ld", http_code);
+ ret = -EIO;
+ }
+
+err_header:
+ curl_slist_free_all(request_headers);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+struct s3erofs_object_info {
+ char *key;
+ u64 size;
+ time_t mtime;
+ u32 mtime_ns;
+};
+
+struct s3erofs_object_iterator {
+ struct erofs_s3 *s3;
+ struct s3erofs_object_info *objects;
+ int cur;
+
+ char *bucket, *prefix;
+ const char *delimiter;
+
+ char *next_marker;
+ bool is_truncated;
+};
+
+static int s3erofs_parse_list_objects_one(xmlNodePtr node,
+ struct s3erofs_object_info *info)
+{
+ xmlNodePtr child;
+ xmlChar *str;
+
+ for (child = node->children; child; child = child->next) {
+ if (child->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
+ str = xmlNodeGetContent(child);
+ if (!str)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ if (xmlStrEqual(child->name, (const xmlChar
*)"LastModified")) {
+ struct tm tm;
+ char *end;
+
+ end = strptime((char *)str,
"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", &tm);
+ if (!end || (*end != '.' && *end != 'Z' && *end
!= '\0')) {
+ xmlFree(str);
+ return -EIO;
+ }
+ if (*end == '.') {
+ info->mtime_ns = strtoul(end + 1, &end,
10);
+ if (*end != 'Z' && *end != '\0') {
+ xmlFree(str);
+ return -EIO;
+ }
+ }
+ info->mtime = mktime(&tm);
+ }
+ if (xmlStrEqual(child->name, (const xmlChar *)"Key"))
+ info->key = strdup((char *)str);
+ else if (xmlStrEqual(child->name, (const xmlChar
*)"Size"))
+ info->size = atoll((char *)str);
+ xmlFree(str);
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int s3erofs_parse_list_objects_result(const char *data, int len,
+ struct s3erofs_object_iterator *it)
+{
+ xmlNodePtr root = NULL, node, next;
+ int ret, i, contents_count;
+ xmlDocPtr doc = NULL;
+ xmlChar *str;
+ void *tmp;
+
+ doc = xmlReadMemory(data, len, NULL, NULL, 0);
+ if (!doc) {
+ erofs_err("failed to parse XML data");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ root = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc);
+ if (!root) {
+ erofs_err("failed to get root element");
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ if (!xmlStrEqual(root->name, (const xmlChar *)"ListBucketResult")) {
+ erofs_err("invalid root element: expected ListBucketResult, got
%s", root->name);
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ //
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_ListObjects.html#AmazonS3-ListObjects-response-NextMarker
+ free(it->next_marker);
+ it->next_marker = NULL;
+
+ contents_count = 1;
+ for (node = root->children; node; node = next) {
+ next = node->next;
+ if (node->type == XML_ELEMENT_NODE) {
+ if (xmlStrEqual(node->name, (const xmlChar
*)"Contents")) {
+ ++contents_count;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (xmlStrEqual(node->name, (const xmlChar
*)"IsTruncated")) {
+ str = xmlNodeGetContent(node);
+ if (str) {
+ it->is_truncated =
+ !!xmlStrEqual(str, (const
xmlChar *)"true");
+ xmlFree(str);
+ }
+ } else if (xmlStrEqual(node->name, (const xmlChar
*)"NextMarker")) {
+ str = xmlNodeGetContent(node);
+ if (str) {
+ it->next_marker = strdup((char *)str);
+ xmlFree(str);
+ if (!it->next_marker) {
+ ret = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ xmlUnlinkNode(node);
+ }
+ xmlUnlinkNode(node);
+ xmlFreeNode(node);
+ }
+
+ i = 0;
+ if (it->objects) {
+ for (; it->objects[i].key; ++i) {
+ free(it->objects[i].key);
+ it->objects[i].key = NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (i + 1 < contents_count) {
+ tmp = malloc(contents_count * sizeof(*it->objects));
+ if (!tmp) {
+ ret = -ENOMEM;
+ goto out;
+ }
+ free(it->objects);
+ it->objects = tmp;
+ it->objects[0].key = NULL;
+ }
+ it->cur = 0;
+
+ ret = 0;
+ for (i = 0, node = root->children; node; node = node->next) {
+ if (__erofs_unlikely(i >= contents_count - 1)) {
+ DBG_BUGON(1);
+ continue;
+ }
+ ret = s3erofs_parse_list_objects_one(node, &it->objects[i]);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ erofs_err("failed to parse contents node %s: %s",
+ (const char *)node->name,
erofs_strerror(ret));
+ break;
+ }
+ it->objects[++i].key = NULL;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * `NextMarker` is returned only if the `delimiter` request parameter
+ * is specified.
+ *
+ * If the response is truncated and does not include `NextMarker`, use
+ * the value of the last `Key` element in the response as the `marker`
+ * parameter in the next request.
+ */
+ if (!ret && i && it->is_truncated && !it->next_marker) {
+ it->next_marker = strdup(it->objects[i - 1].key);
+ if (!it->next_marker)
+ ret = -ENOMEM;
+ }
+
+ if (!ret)
+ ret = i;
+out:
+ xmlFreeDoc(doc);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int s3erofs_list_objects(struct s3erofs_object_iterator *it)
+{
+ struct s3erofs_curl_request req = {};
+ struct s3erofs_curl_response resp = {};
+ struct s3erofs_query_params params;
+ struct erofs_s3 *s3 = it->s3;
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ if (it->delimiter && strlen(it->delimiter) > S3EROFS_PATH_MAX) {
+ erofs_err("delimiter is too long");
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ params.num = 0;
+ if (it->prefix) {
+ params.key[params.num] = "prefix";
+ params.value[params.num] = it->prefix;
+ ++params.num;
+ }
+
+ if (it->delimiter) {
+ params.key[params.num] = "delimiter";
+ params.value[params.num] = it->delimiter;
+ ++params.num;
+ }
+
+ if (it->next_marker) {
+ params.key[params.num] = "marker";
+ params.value[params.num] = it->next_marker;
+ ++params.num;
+ }
+
+ req.method = "GET";
+ ret = s3erofs_prepare_url(&req, s3->endpoint, it->bucket,
+ ¶ms, s3->url_style);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = s3erofs_request_perform(s3, &req, &resp);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = s3erofs_parse_list_objects_result(resp.data, resp.size, it);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+ free(resp.data);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static struct s3erofs_object_iterator *
+s3erofs_create_object_iterator(struct erofs_s3 *s3, const char *path,
+ const char *delimiter)
+{
+ struct s3erofs_object_iterator *iter;
+ char *prefix;
+
+ iter = calloc(1, sizeof(struct s3erofs_object_iterator));
+ if (!iter)
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+ iter->s3 = s3;
+ prefix = strchr(path, '/');
+ if (prefix) {
+ if (++prefix - path > S3EROFS_PATH_MAX)
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+ iter->bucket = strndup(path, prefix - path);
+ iter->prefix = strdup(prefix);
+ } else {
+ iter->bucket = strdup(path);
+ iter->prefix = NULL;
+ }
+ iter->delimiter = delimiter;
+ iter->is_truncated = true;
+ return iter;
+}
+
+static void s3erofs_destroy_object_iterator(struct s3erofs_object_iterator *it)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ if (it->next_marker)
+ free(it->next_marker);
+ if (it->objects) {
+ for (i = 0; it->objects[i].key; ++i)
+ free(it->objects[i].key);
+ free(it->objects);
+ }
+ free(it->prefix);
+ free(it->bucket);
+ free(it);
+}
+
+static struct s3erofs_object_info *
+s3erofs_get_next_object(struct s3erofs_object_iterator *it)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ if (it->objects && it->objects[it->cur].key)
+ return &it->objects[it->cur++];
+
+ if (it->is_truncated) {
+ ret = s3erofs_list_objects(it);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ERR_PTR(ret);
+ return &it->objects[it->cur++];
+ }
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+static int s3erofs_global_init(void)
+{
+ if (curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT) != CURLE_OK)
+ return -EIO;
+
+ easy_curl = curl_easy_init();
+ if (!easy_curl)
+ goto out_err;
+
+ if (curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
+ s3erofs_request_write_memory_cb) != CURLE_OK)
+ goto out_err;
+
+ if (curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1L) != CURLE_OK)
+ goto out_err;
+
+ if (curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30L) != CURLE_OK)
+ goto out_err;
+
+ if (curl_easy_setopt(easy_curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT,
+ "s3erofs/" PACKAGE_VERSION) != CURLE_OK)
+ goto out_err;
+
+ xmlInitParser();
+ return 0;
+out_err:
+ curl_global_cleanup();
+ return -EIO;
+}
+
+static void s3erofs_global_exit(void)
+{
+ if (!easy_curl)
+ return;
+
+ xmlCleanupParser();
+
+ curl_easy_cleanup(easy_curl);
+ easy_curl = NULL;
+
+ curl_global_cleanup();
+}
+
+int s3erofs_build_trees(struct erofs_inode *root, struct erofs_s3 *s3,
+ const char *path)
+{
+ struct erofs_sb_info *sbi = root->sbi;
+ struct s3erofs_object_iterator *iter;
+ struct s3erofs_object_info *obj;
+ struct erofs_dentry *d;
+ struct erofs_inode *inode;
+ struct stat st;
+ char *trimmed;
+ bool dumb;
+ int ret;
+
+ st.st_uid = root->i_uid;
+ st.st_gid = root->i_gid;
+
+ ret = s3erofs_global_init();
+ if (ret) {
+ erofs_err("failed to initialize s3erofs: %s",
erofs_strerror(ret));
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ iter = s3erofs_create_object_iterator(s3, path, NULL);
+ if (IS_ERR(iter)) {
+ erofs_err("failed to create object iterator");
+ ret = PTR_ERR(iter);
+ goto err_global;
+ }
+
+ while (1) {
+ obj = s3erofs_get_next_object(iter);
+ if (!obj) {
+ break;
+ } else if (IS_ERR(obj)) {
+ erofs_err("failed to get next object");
+ ret = PTR_ERR(obj);
+ goto err_iter;
+ }
+
+ d = erofs_rebuild_get_dentry(root, obj->key, false,
+ &dumb, &dumb, false);
+ if (IS_ERR(d)) {
+ ret = PTR_ERR(d);
+ goto err_iter;
+ }
+ if (d->type == EROFS_FT_DIR) {
+ inode = d->inode;
+ inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | 0755;
+ } else {
+ inode = erofs_new_inode(sbi);
+ if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
+ ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
+ goto err_iter;
+ }
+
+ inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
+ inode->i_parent = d->inode;
+ inode->i_nlink = 1;
+
+ d->inode = inode;
+ d->type = EROFS_FT_REG_FILE;
+ }
+ inode->i_srcpath = strdup(obj->key);
+ if (!inode->i_srcpath) {
+ ret = -ENOMEM;
+ goto err_iter;
+ }
+
+ trimmed = erofs_trim_for_progressinfo(inode->i_srcpath,
+ sizeof("Importing ...") - 1);
+ erofs_update_progressinfo("Importing %s ...", trimmed);
+ free(trimmed);
+
+ st.st_mtime = obj->mtime;
+ ST_MTIM_NSEC_SET(&st, obj->mtime_ns);
+ ret = __erofs_fill_inode(inode, &st, obj->key);
+ if (!ret && S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
+ inode->i_size = obj->size;
+ ret = erofs_write_zero_inode(inode);
+ }
+ if (ret)
+ goto err_iter;
+ }
+
+err_iter:
+ s3erofs_destroy_object_iterator(iter);
+err_global:
+ s3erofs_global_exit();
+ return ret;
+}
diff --git a/mkfs/main.c b/mkfs/main.c
index a7d3f31..07bc3ed 100644
--- a/mkfs/main.c
+++ b/mkfs/main.c
@@ -1737,8 +1737,14 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
goto exit;
#ifdef S3EROFS_ENABLED
} else if (source_mode == EROFS_MKFS_SOURCE_S3) {
- err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
- goto exit;
+ if (incremental_mode ||
+ dataimport_mode != EROFS_MKFS_DATA_IMPORT_ZEROFILL)
+ err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+ else
+ err = s3erofs_build_trees(root, &s3cfg,
+ cfg.c_src_path);
+ if (err)
+ goto exit;
#endif
}
--
2.43.5
