good question. I found this in the docs:
http://lilypond.org/doc/v2.11/Documentation/user/lilypond-big-page#Contexts-explained

"The Master Of All Contexts ==========================
* Score This is the top level notation context. No other context can contain
a Score context. This context handles the administration of time signatures.
It also makes sure that items such as clefs, time signatures, and
key-signatures are aligned across staves. You cannot explicitly instantiate
a Score context (since it is not contained in any other context). It is
instantiated automatically when an output definition (a \score or \layout
block) is processed. (it should also be made clear somewhere what the
difference is between \score and \Score)."
If I understand correctly, Score is a context. It is what we use inside a
\layout{ } block to define Score context properties, while \score is a block
delimiter (topmost expression) just like \layout{ } and \book{ } are. See
http://lilypond.org/doc/v2.11/Documentation/user/lilypond-big-page#File-structure

Not sure why the docs say "You cannot explicitly instantiate a Score
context..." though. What does this mean? The following works without
Lilypond complaining:

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\version "2.11.45"

\new Score {
   \new Staff {
      \new Voice{ c'8  d' e' f' }
   }
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

--Victor


On Thu, Jun 19, 2008 at 7:43 AM, Mats Bengtsson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:

> A \score{...} block is a syntactical construct, which internally creates a
> Score context (among others).
> It is also possible to explicitly instantiate a Score context, but I don't
> really see the added value of
> doing it (even though I seem to recall that there was some specific reason
> to introduce this possibility).
>
>   /Mats
>
>
> James E. Bailey wrote:
>
>> I don't quite understand what the difference between score and Score are.
>> I'm sure this is discussed in some documentation somewhere, but I just don't
>> know where to look. Can someone point me in the right direction?
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lilypond-user mailing list
>> lilypond-user@gnu.org
>> http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/lilypond-user
>>
>
> --
> =============================================
>        Mats Bengtsson
>        Signal Processing
>        School of Electrical Engineering
>        Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
>        SE-100 44  STOCKHOLM
>        Sweden
>        Phone: (+46) 8 790 8463
>       Fax:   (+46) 8 790 7260
>        Email: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>        WWW: http://www.s3.kth.se/~mabe <http://www.s3.kth.se/%7Emabe>
> =============================================
>
>
>
>
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