I have tried an override ( \override Staff.NoteHead.style = #'default )
Note heads are drawn in Voice, so you can just omit the context name. \override NoteHead.style = #'default
The more fundamental issue here, though, is that \incipit is hardcoded to create a MensuralStaff context. Does anyone know how to replicate its effect with a normal Staff, short of just substituting in its source code?