>>>>> "Carl" == Carl D Sorensen <c_soren...@byu.edu> writes:
Carl> On 6/1/09 5:29 PM, "Peter Chubb" <lily.u...@chubb.wattle.id.au> Carl> wrote: >> >> >> Hi, >> >> I've put up a page on how to get more realistic sounding MIDI >> output from current LilyPond, along with the scripts and scheme >> code used, at http://www.nicta.com.au/people/chubbp/articulate Carl> Peter, Carl> I haven't had a chance to look at your code, since I don't have Carl> a login to your server, and it wasn't attached to your email to Carl> the list. You shouldn't need one. See http://www.mail-archive.com/lilypond-u...@gnu.org/msg38823.html Carl> As a first step, it could be included in an optional add-in. Carl> The way to make it work is probably to first split your scheme Carl> and lilypond code. It's entirely scheme. Carl> I'd recommend that you put your scheme code in a new file that Carl> could be placed in the scm/ directory, perhaps something like Carl> articulation.scm. It can be renamed, and then ... Carl> And then you'll have your lilypond syntax stuff in Carl> articulation.ly file that can be placed in the ly/ directory and Carl> included in a lilypond file. ariculate.ly would contain just \include "articulate.scm" Here's the code directly: -- % % Copyright (C) 2008 NICTA % Author: Peter Chubb <peter.chubb AT nicta.com.au> % % % This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify % it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, % as published by the Free Software Foundation. % % This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, % but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of % MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. % See the GNU General Public License for more details. It is % available in the Lilypond source tree, or at % http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html % % This script tries to make MIDI output from LilyPond a little more realistic. % It tries to take articulations (slurs, staccato) into account, by % replacing notes with sequential music of suitably time-scaled note plus % skip. % % It also tries to unfold trills turns etc., and take rallentendo % and accelerando into account. % % As my scheme knowledge is poor (I was teaching myself as I went), there % is much scope for improvement. % %%%USAGE % In the \score section do: % \unfoldRepeats \articulate << % all the rest of the score % >> % or use the lilywrap script. % % TO DO (prioritised, the ones that'll make the most difference first) % % * Dynamics. % * Fix quantisation for dynamics on single note (replace note % with tied 128th notes?) -- started, needs work. % * Make \fp do the right thing (loud start, then quiet). % % * Inegalite. Notes on-beat steal time from notes off-beat. % Degree of stealing is a parameter: from 1.0 (straight) % to 1.5 (extreme swing). Also fix tenuto to use this. % % * add accel (to match rall), and molto rall. I've never seen % molto accel but some composer somewhere has probably used it. % % * Fermata, and Fermata Lunga % * Add more synonyms for accel and rall: rit ritard stringendo % % * Phrasing. % * Rall at end of piece % * Very slight accel into a phrase, rall out of it. % * Dynamics during a phrase???? unclear how these should be in % the general case % % * Trill algorithm needs work. % % * Cope with more ornaments/articulations. % mordents, inverted-turns, etc. % -- accent needs better control of dynamics. % -- Articulations: mezzo-staccato, staccatissimo, portato. % -- Handling of generic ornaments (in lily, `\stopped'; in % most early music: ornament this note (trill, turn % or mordent as the player wishes)) % * Automatic gruppetto at end of trill; better handling of % initial/final grace notes on trill % * Automatic ornaments. % * Spot cadences and ornament % * Look for quaver-dotted note for trills, for example. % * Fill in steps. (Needs lookahead/lookbehind.) % * `afterturn' -- a turn after the start of a note. % * accidentals for trills and turns #(use-modules (ice-9 debug)) #(use-modules (scm display-lily)) % PARAMETERS % How much to compress notes marked Staccato. CPE Bach says `as short as % may conveniently be played, as if the keys were too hot to touch'. % Most modern sources say 1/2 the notated length of a note. #(define ac:staccatoFactor '(1 . 2)) % And tenuto (if we ever implement time stealing, this should be >1.0) #(define ac:tenutoFactor '(1 . 1)) % How much to articulate normal notes. CPE Bach says 1/2 (and % staccato should be `as short as may conveniently be played') but this % sounds too short for modern music. 7/8 sounds about right. #(define ac:normalFactor '(7 . 8)) % How much to slow down for a rall. or a poco rall. % (or speed up for accel or poco accel) #(define ac:rallFactor (ly:make-moment 60 100)) % 40% slowdown #(define ac:pocoRallFactor (ly:make-moment 90 100)) % 10% slowdown % The absolute time for a twiddle in a trill, in minutes. % Start with 1/4 seconds == 1/240 minutes #(define ac:maxTwiddleTime (ly:make-moment 1 240)) % Internal variables, don't touch. % (should probably be part of a context somehow) % Whether to slur, or not #(define ac:inSlur #f) #(define ac:inPhrasingSlur #f) % Whether the current noteevent is in a trill spanner #(define ac:inTrill #f) % assume start in C major. Key change events override this. % Could get from context, but don't know how. #(define ac:current-key (make-music 'KeyChangeEvent 'tonic (ly:make-pitch -1 0 0) 'pitch-alist (list (cons 0 0) (cons 1 0) (cons 2 0) (cons 3 0) (cons 4 0) (cons 5 0) (cons 6 0)))) #(define ac:currentTempo (ly:make-moment 15 1)) % 4 = 60, measured wholes per minute #(define ac:lastTempo ac:currentTempo) % for 'a tempo' or 'tempo I' % The duration of the current note. Start at a crotchet % for no good reason. #(define ac:currentDuration (ly:make-duration 2 0 1 1)) % Debugging: display a moment plus some text. % Returns its moment argument so can be used in-line. #(define (display-moment text m) (display text) (display (list (ly:moment-main-numerator m) "/" (ly:moment-main-denominator m))) m ) % Track tempo (and maybe later, other context properties) % as they change. Needs to better cope with saving only Tempo I, % otherwise 'a tempo' goes back to the tempo before the last change. #(define (ac:adjust-props sym music) (case sym ((tempoWholesPerMinute) (set! ac:currentTempo (ly:music-property music 'value)) (set! ac:lastTempo ac:currentTempo) ))) % Raise note one step in the current diatonic scale. #(define (ac:up note) (let* ((pitch (ly:music-property note 'pitch)) (notename (ly:pitch-notename pitch)) (new-notename (if (eq? notename 6) 0 (+ 1 notename))) (alterations (ly:music-property ac:current-key 'pitch-alist)) (new-alteration (cdr (assq new-notename alterations))) (new-octave (if (eq? new-notename 0) (+ 1 (ly:pitch-octave pitch)) (ly:pitch-octave pitch))) ) (set! (ly:music-property note 'pitch)(ly:make-pitch new-octave new-notename new-alteration)))) % Lower note one step in the current diatonic scale. #(define (ac:down note) (begin (let* ((pitch (ly:music-property note 'pitch)) (notename (ly:pitch-notename pitch)) (new-notename (if (eq? notename 0) 6 (- notename 1))) (alterations (ly:music-property ac:current-key 'pitch-alist)) (new-alteration (cdr (assq new-notename alterations))) (new-octave (if (eq? new-notename 6) (- (ly:pitch-octave pitch) 1) (ly:pitch-octave pitch))) ) (set! (ly:music-property note 'pitch)(ly:make-pitch new-octave new-notename new-alteration)))) ) % Shorten a note, and save the note's original duration in ac:currentDuration #(define (ac:articulate-one-note m fraction) "Replace m with m*fraction" (if (eq? 'NoteEvent (ly:music-property m 'name)) (let* ((dur (ly:music-property m 'duration)) (l (ly:duration-log dur)) (d (ly:duration-dot-count dur)) (factor (ly:duration-factor dur)) (num (car fraction)) (denom (cdr fraction))) (begin (set! ac:currentDuration dur) (set! (ly:music-property m 'duration) (ly:make-duration l d (* num (car factor)) (* denom (cdr factor)))))) m)) % helper routine to set duration. #(define (ac:setduration music duration) "Set a note's duration." (let ((eventtype (ly:music-property music 'name))) (if (or (eq? eventtype 'NoteEvent) (eq? eventtype 'RestEvent) (eq? eventtype 'SkipEvent)) (set! (ly:music-property music 'duration) duration)))) % Add an articulation event to a note. % Used in afterGrace to mark all notes as tenuto, so they're not shortened #(define (ac:add-articulation type music) (music-map (lambda (m) (if (eq? 'EventChord (ly:music-property m 'name)) (set! (ly:music-property m 'elements) (append (ly:music-property m 'elements) (list (make-music 'ArticulationEvent 'articulation-type type))))) m) music)) % Gradually speed up a piece of music. Stolen from the feather code in % the Lilypond base. % Overflows moment and causes infinite Lilypond loop, or segv % --- DON'T USE #(define (ac:accel music factor) (let* ((orig-duration (ly:music-length music)) (multiplier (ly:make-moment 1 1))) (music-map (lambda (mus) (if (and (eq? (ly:music-property mus 'name) 'EventChord) (< 0 (ly:moment-main-denominator (ly:music-length mus)))) (begin (ly:music-compress mus multiplier) (set! multiplier (ly:moment-mul factor multiplier))) ) mus) music) (ly:music-compress music (ly:moment-div orig-duration (ly:music-length music))) music)) % Convert a long note to an equivalent set of short notes, tied together. % Still experimental, so disabled for now. #(define (ac:to128 music) music) #(define (ac:to128_disabled music) (if (or (eq? 'SkipEvent (ly:music-property music 'name)) (eq? 'NoteEvent (ly:music-property music 'name))) (let* ((dur (ly:music-property music 'duration)) (log2 (ly:duration-log dur)) (shiftcount (- 6 log2)) (lastm (ly:music-deep-copy (shift-duration-log music shiftcount 0)))) (set! (ly:music-property music 'elements) (cons (make-music 'TieEvent) (ly:music-property music 'elements))) (make-sequential-music (list (make-repeat "unfold" (1- (expt 2 shiftcount)) (make-sequential-music (list music)) '()) lastm))) music)) % absolute time in minutes of a length of music, as a rational number (moment) #(define (ac:abstime music) (ly:moment-div (ly:music-length music) ac:currentTempo)) % convert absolute time (in minutes) to a moment in the current tempo #(define (ac:abs->mom m) (ly:moment-mul m ac:currentTempo)) % a moment that is ac:maxTwiddletime seconds at the current tempo. #(define (ac:targetTwiddleTime) (ac:abs->mom ac:maxTwiddleTime)) % Nearest twiddletime (in minutes) achievable with power-of-2 divisions of % the original music. (twiddletime is the time for one pair of notes % in a trill) % If the music has a precomputed twiddletime (e.g., from \afterGrace) use that. #(define (ac:twiddletime music) (let* ((tr (filter (lambda (x) (and (eq? 'ArticulationEvent (ly:music-property x 'name)) (string= "trill" (ly:music-property x 'articulation-type)))) (ly:music-property music 'elements))) (pre-t (if (pair? tr) (ly:music-property (car tr) 'twiddle) '())) (t (ac:targetTwiddleTime))) (if (ly:moment? pre-t) pre-t (let loop ((len (ly:music-length music))) (if (ly:moment<? t len) (loop (ly:moment-mul len (ly:make-moment 1 2))) len))))) % Note: I'm assuming early music practice of starting on the auxiliiary note. % Needs to add gruppetto if it's a long trill (TODO) #(define (ac:trill music) " Replace music with time-compressed repeats of the music, maybe accelerating if the length is longer than a crotchet " (let* ((hemisemidur (ly:make-duration 5 0 1 1)) (orig-len (ly:music-length music)) (t (ac:twiddletime music)) (uppernote '()) (note_moment (ly:moment-mul t (ly:make-moment 1 2))) (c1 (ly:moment-div orig-len note_moment)) (c2 (inexact->exact (round (/ (ly:moment-main-numerator c1) (* 2 (ly:moment-main-denominator c1)))))) (count (if (< c2 2) 2 c2))) (set! (ly:music-property music 'elements) (filter (lambda (y) (eq? 'NoteEvent (ly:music-property y 'name))) (ly:music-property music 'elements))) (map (lambda (y) (ac:setduration y hemisemidur)) (ly:music-property music 'elements)) (set! uppernote (ly:music-deep-copy music)) (map (lambda (y) (ac:up y)) (filter (lambda (z) (eq? 'NoteEvent (ly:music-property z 'name))) (ly:music-property uppernote 'elements))) (let* ((trillMusicElements (let loop ((so_far (list uppernote music)) (c count)) (if (> c 1) (loop (append (list (ly:music-deep-copy uppernote) (ly:music-deep-copy music)) so_far) (1- c)) so_far))) (trillMusic (make-sequential-music trillMusicElements)) (newlen (ly:music-length trillMusic)) (factor (ly:moment-div orig-len newlen))) (ly:music-compress trillMusic factor) ; accelerating the music seems to put lily into an infinite loop in ; its layout and midi engines. ; (let* ((realfactor (exp (* (/ 1.0 count) (log 0.75)))) ; (factor (ly:make-moment (inexact->exact (round (* 1024 realfactor))) ; 1024))) ; (ac:accel trillMusic factor)) ))) % If there's an articulation, use it. % If in a slur, use (1 . 1) instead. % Treat phrasing slurs as slurs, but allow explicit articulation. % (Maybe should treat staccato under a phrasing slur as mezzo-staccato?) % % Expect an EventChord. % % trills, turns, ornaments etc. are also treated as Articulations. % Split into two functions: % ac:getactions traverses the elements in the EventChord % and calculates the parameters. % ac:articulate-chord applies the actions to each NoteEvent in % the EventChord. #(define (ac:getactions music) (let loop ((factor ac:normalFactor) (newelements '()) (es (ly:music-property music 'elements)) (actions '())) (if (null? es) (begin (set! (ly:music-property music 'elements) (reverse newelements)) (cond (ac:inTrill (cons 'trill actions)) ((and (eq? factor ac:normalFactor) (or ac:inSlur ac:inPhrasingSlur)) (append actions (list 'articulation '(1 . 1)) )) (else (append actions (list 'articulation factor))))) ; else part (let ((e (car es)) (tail (cdr es))) (case (ly:music-property e 'name) ((BeamEvent) ; throw away beam events, or they'll be duplicated by turn or trill (loop factor newelements tail actions)) ((SkipEvent) (loop (cons 1 1) (cons e newelements) tail actions)) ((RestEvent) (loop (cons 1 1) (cons e newelements) tail actions)) ((ArticulationEvent) (let ((articname (ly:music-property e 'articulation-type))) ; TODO: add more here (cond ((string= articname "staccato") (loop ac:staccatoFactor newelements tail actions)) ((string= articname "tenuto") (loop ac:tenutoFactor newelements tail actions)) ((string= articname "mordent") (loop factor newelements tail (cons 'mordent actions))) ((string= articname "prall") (loop (cons 1 1) newelements tail (cons 'trill actions))) ((string= articname "trill") (loop (cons 1 1) newelements tail (cons 'trill actions))) ((string= articname "turn") (loop (cons 1 1) newelements tail (cons 'turn actions))) (else (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail actions))))) ((TextScriptEvent) (let ((t (ly:music-property e 'text))) (if (not (string? t)) (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail actions) (begin (cond ((or (string= t "rall") (string= t "Rall") (string= t "rit.") (string= t "rall.")) (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail (cons 'rall actions))) ((or (string= t "poco rall.") (string= t "poco rit.")) (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail (cons 'pocoRall actions))) ((or (string= t "a tempo") (string= t "tempo I")) (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail (cons 'aTempo actions))) (else (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail actions))))))) ((SlurEvent) (let ((direction (ly:music-property e 'span-direction))) (set! ac:inSlur (eq? direction -1)) (loop factor newelements tail actions))) ((TrillSpanEvent) (let ((direction (ly:music-property e 'span-direction))) (set! ac:inTrill (eq? direction -1)) (loop factor newelements tail (cons 'trill actions)))) ((PhrasingSlurEvent) (let ((direction (ly:music-property e 'span-direction))) (set! ac:inPhrasingSlur (eq? direction -1)) (loop factor newelements tail actions))) (else (loop factor (cons e newelements) tail actions))))))) #(define (ac:articulate-chord music) (begin (cond ((eq? 'EventChord (ly:music-property music 'name)) (let loop ((actions (ac:getactions music))) (if (null? actions) (if (ly:moment> (ly:music-length music) (make-moment 1 4)) (ac:to128 music) music) (case (car actions) ((articulation) (map (lambda (x) (ac:articulate-one-note x (cadr actions))) (ly:music-property music 'elements)) (let* ((num (caadr actions)) (denom (cdadr actions)) n (mult (ly:duration-factor ac:currentDuration)) (newnum (* (- denom num) (car mult))) (newdenom (* (cdr mult) denom)) (len (ly:duration-log ac:currentDuration)) (dots (ly:duration-dot-count ac:currentDuration))) (if (not (eq? num denom)) (make-sequential-music (list (ac:to128 music) (make-music 'EventChord 'elements (list (make-music 'SkipEvent 'duration (ly:make-duration len dots newnum newdenom)))))) music))) ((rall) (set! ac:currentTempo (ly:moment-mul ac:currentTempo ac:rallFactor)) (let ((pset (make-music 'PropertySet 'value ac:currentTempo 'symbol 'tempoWholesPerMinute))) (if (null? (cdr actions)) (make-sequential-music (list pset music)) (make-sequential-music (list pset (loop (cdr actions))))))) ((pocoRall) (set! ac:currentTempo (ly:moment-mul ac:currentTempo ac:pocoRallFactor)) (let ((pset (make-music 'PropertySet 'value ac:currentTempo 'symbol 'tempoWholesPerMinute))) (if (null? (cdr actions)) (make-sequential-music (list pset music)) (make-sequential-music (list pset (loop (cdr actions))))))) ((aTempo) (set! ac:currentTempo ac:lastTempo) (let ((pset (make-music 'PropertySet 'value ac:currentTempo 'symbol 'tempoWholesPerMinute))) (if (null? (cdr actions)) (make-sequential-music (list pset music)) (make-sequential-music (list pset (loop (cdr actions))))))) ((trill) (ac:trill music)) ((turn) (let* ((dur (ly:music-property (car (ly:music-property music 'elements)) 'duration)) (factor (ly:duration-factor dur)) (newdur (ly:make-duration (+ (ly:duration-log dur) 2) (ly:duration-dot-count dur) (car factor)(cdr factor)))) (begin (map (lambda (y) (ac:setduration y newdur)) (ly:music-property music 'elements)) (let* ((above (ly:music-deep-copy music)) (below (ly:music-deep-copy music)) (newmusic (make-sequential-music (list above music below music)))) (begin (map (lambda (y) (ac:down y)) (filter (lambda (z) (eq? 'NoteEvent (ly:music-property z 'name))) (ly:music-property below 'elements))) (map (lambda (y) (ac:up y)) (filter (lambda (z) (eq? 'NoteEvent (ly:music-property z 'name))) (ly:music-property above 'elements))) newmusic))))) )))) ((eq? 'KeyChangeEvent (ly:music-property music 'name)) (set! ac:current-key music) music ) ((eq? 'PropertySet (ly:music-property music 'name)) (ac:adjust-props (ly:music-property music 'symbol) music) music) (else music)) )) % At last ... here's the music function that aplies all the above to a % score. articulate = #(define-music-function (parser location music) (ly:music?) "Adjust times of note to add tenuto, staccato and normal articulations. " (music-map ac:articulate-chord music) ) % Override \afterGrace to be in terms of audio, not spacing. afterGrace = #(define-music-function (parser location main grace) (ly:music? ly:music?) (let* ((main-length (ly:music-length main)) (grace-orig-length (ly:music-length grace)) (gracelen (ac:twiddletime main)) (grace-factor (ly:moment-div gracelen grace-orig-length)) (new-main-length (ly:moment-sub main-length gracelen)) (factor (ly:moment-div new-main-length main-length)) ) (map (lambda (y) (set! (ly:music-property y 'twiddle) gracelen)) (filter (lambda (z) (and (eq? 'ArticulationEvent (ly:music-property z 'name)) (string= "trill" (ly:music-property z 'articulation-type)))) (ly:music-property main 'elements))) (ac:add-articulation "tenuto" grace) (make-sequential-music (list (ly:music-compress main factor) (ly:music-compress grace grace-factor))))) % An appoggiatura takes half the duration of the main note, % or 1/3 if the note is dotted (i.e., half the undotted equivalent time) % Somewhere around the end of the 19th, start of 20th century the rules % changed, but my main interest is early music. appoggiatura = #(define-music-function (parser location grace main) (ly:music? ly:music?) (let* ((maindur (ly:music-length main)) (grace-orig-len (ly:music-length grace)) (numerator (ly:moment-main-numerator maindur)) (factor (if (eq? (remainder numerator 3) 0) (ly:make-moment 1 3) (ly:make-moment 1 2)))) (ly:music-compress grace factor) (ly:music-compress main (ly:moment-sub (ly:make-moment 1 1) factor)) (set! (ly:music-property grace 'elements) (append (ly:music-property grace 'elements) (list (make-music 'SlurEvent 'span-direction -1)))) (set! (ly:music-property main 'elements) (append (ly:music-property main 'elements) (list (make-music 'SlurEvent 'span-direction 1)))) (make-sequential-music (list grace main)))) -- Dr Peter Chubb peter DOT chubb AT nicta.com.au http://www.ertos.nicta.com.au ERTOS within National ICT Australia Kernel Engineering Group (KEG): Where Systems Brew. _______________________________________________ lilypond-devel mailing list lilypond-devel@gnu.org http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/lilypond-devel
