Tested with disco-proposed (problem exists)
-----

# uname -rv
5.0.0-22-generic #23-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 23 17:23:54 UTC 2019

# ./setup-bcache-wb_percent-before-attach.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
[   57.992319] bcache: register_bdev() registered backing device loop0/null 2>&1
[   57.997331] bcache: run_cache_set() invalidating existing data
[   58.009201] bcache: register_cache() registered cache device loop1
[   58.009232] bcache: register_bcache() error /dev/loop0: device already 
registered (emitting change event)
[   62.008954] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 1294 at drivers/md/bcache/writeback.c:837 
bch_cached_dev_writeback_start+0x156/0x164 [bcache]
[   62.014280] Modules linked in: bcache crc64 isofs nls_iso8859_1 kvm_intel 
kvm irqbypass input_leds joydev serio_raw sch_fq_codel ib_iser
rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_core iscsi_tcp libiscsi_tcp libiscsi 
scsi_transport_iscsi ip_tables x_tables autofs4 btrfs zstd_compress raid10 raid$
56 async_raid6_recov async_memcpy async_pq async_xor async_tx xor raid6_pq 
libcrc32c raid1 raid0 multipath linear psmouse virtio_blk virtio$
net net_failover failover floppy
[   62.027201] CPU: 2 PID: 1294 Comm: setup-bcache-wb Not tainted 
5.0.0-22-generic #23-Ubuntu
[   62.029611] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 
1.10.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[   62.032236] RIP: 0010:bch_cached_dev_writeback_start+0x156/0x164 [bcache]
[   62.034227] Code: 88 4c 0d 00 00 74 09 8b 83 e0 0c 00 00 5b 5d c3 48 8b 35 
35 ee b6 e0 48 8d 93 08 0c 00 00 bf 00 20 00 00 e8 7c 81 3e d$
 eb dd <0f> 0b e9 55 ff ff ff b8 f4 ff ff ff eb 8c 48 c7 c7 e0 e1 8c c0 e8
[   62.039605] RSP: 0018:ffffae25012a3d38 EFLAGS: 00010207
[   62.042135] RAX: ffff8ae1b1e915c0 RBX: ffff8ae1b20d0000 RCX: 0000000000000000
[   62.045616] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff8ae1b7b270a0 RDI: ffff8ae1b7403800
[   62.049086] RBP: ffffae25012a3d40 R08: 00000000000270a0 R09: ffffffff9fcbc4cb
[   62.052583] R10: ffffd2e708ce0bc0 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff8ae1b20d0010
[   62.056077] R13: ffff8ae1b20d0000 R14: ffff8ae1b20d0c30 R15: ffff8ae1b2180000
[   62.059568] FS:  00007f1d4770e540(0000) GS:ffff8ae1b7b00000(0000) 
knlGS:0000000000000000
[   62.063629] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[   62.066534] CR2: 0000557518fb58f0 CR3: 00000002333fa000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
[   62.070048] Call Trace:
[   62.071530]  bch_cached_dev_attach+0x356/0x480 [bcache]
[   62.074201]  ? bch_keybuf_init+0x70/0x70 [bcache]
[   62.076666]  __cached_dev_store+0x59f/0x8b0 [bcache]
[   62.079234]  bch_cached_dev_store+0x39/0xc0 [bcache]
[   62.081786]  sysfs_kf_write+0x3b/0x40
[   62.083785]  kernfs_fop_write+0x12e/0x1b0
[   62.085921]  __vfs_write+0x1b/0x40
[   62.087809]  vfs_write+0xab/0x1b0
[   62.089649]  ksys_write+0x5c/0xd0
[   62.091497]  __x64_sys_write+0x1a/0x20
[   62.093520]  do_syscall_64+0x5a/0x110
[   62.095523]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
[   62.098106] RIP: 0033:0x7f1d4720e154
[   62.100071] Code: 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 
00 66 90 48 8d 05 b1 07 2e 00 8b 00 85 c0 75 13 b8 01 00 00 00
 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 54 f3 c3 66 90 41 54 55 49 89 d4 53 48 89 f5
[   62.108931] RSP: 002b:00007ffddf05ed58 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 
0000000000000001
[   62.112761] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000557518fb37f0 RCX: 00007f1d4720e154
[   62.116233] RDX: 0000000000000025 RSI: 0000557518fb37f0 RDI: 0000000000000001
[   62.119751] RBP: 0000000000000025 R08: 000000000000f000 R09: 0000557518fb594d
[   62.123233] R10: 00000000000001b6 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000001
[   62.126711] R13: 0000000000000025 R14: 7fffffffffffffff R15: 00007ffddf060f39
[   62.130191] ---[ end trace c47ed79da668a296 ]---
[   62.135336] bcache: bch_cached_dev_attach() Caching loop0 as bcache0 on set 
7abc55ca-0c2d-44bb-ae1e-dd51a6028769

# reboot
# # comment last line in script.

# ./setup-bcache-wb_percent-before-attach.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
#

[   30.327906] bcache: register_bdev() registered backing device loop0          
                                                            
[   30.397705] bcache: run_cache_set() invalidating existing data
[   30.409402] bcache: register_cache() registered cache device loop1
(wait a few seconds)
[   38.603598] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 
0000000000000340
[   38.607376] #PF error: [normal kernel read fault]
[   38.609705] PGD 0 P4D 0
[   38.611045] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
[   38.612835] CPU: 2 PID: 53 Comm: kworker/2:1 Not tainted 5.0.0-22-generic 
#23-Ubuntu
[   38.616264] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 
1.10.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[   38.618928] Workqueue: events update_writeback_rate [bcache]
[   38.620658] RIP: 0010:update_writeback_rate+0x36/0x330 [bcache]
[   38.622436] Code: 56 41 55 41 54 53 48 83 ec 08 4c 8b af 10 f4 ff ff f0 80 
8f 30 f4 ff ff 10 f0 83 44 24 fc 00 48 8b 87 30 f4 ff ff a8 0$
 74 59 <49> 8b 85 40 03 00 00 48 c1 e8 03 83 e0 01 49 89 c4 75 46 8b 47 e8
[   38.627822] RSP: 0018:ffffb6fac0e23e50 EFLAGS: 00010202
[   38.629401] RAX: 0000000000000018 RBX: ffff9fb637b22700 RCX: ffff9fb637b22720
[   38.631481] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: ffff9fb63740aeb0 RDI: ffff9fb632120c70
[   38.633587] RBP: ffffb6fac0e23e80 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 000073746e657665
[   38.635792] R10: 8080808080808080 R11: 00000008e9a3614c R12: ffff9fb637b27700
[   38.637995] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff9fb632120c70 R15: 0ffff9fb637b2770
[   38.640215] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9fb637b00000(0000) 
knlGS:0000000000000000
[   38.642770] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[   38.644586] CR2: 0000000000000340 CR3: 0000000234358000 CR4: 00000000000006e0
[   38.646768] Call Trace:
[   38.647705]  ? __schedule+0x2d8/0x840
[   38.648961]  process_one_work+0x20f/0x410
[   38.650297]  worker_thread+0x34/0x400
[   38.651539]  kthread+0x120/0x140
[   38.652670]  ? process_one_work+0x410/0x410
[   38.654051]  ? __kthread_parkme+0x70/0x70
[   38.655386]  ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
[   38.656617] Modules linked in: bcache crc64 isofs nls_iso8859_1 kvm_intel 
kvm irqbypass input_leds joydev serio_raw sch_fq_codel ib_iser
rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_core iscsi_tcp libiscsi_tcp libiscsi 
scsi_transport_iscsi ip_tables x_tables autofs4 btrfs zstd_compress raid10 raid4
56 async_raid6_recov async_memcpy async_pq async_xor async_tx xor raid6_pq 
libcrc32c raid1 raid0 multipath linear psmouse virtio_net floppy
virtio_blk net_failover failover
[   38.668111] CR2: 0000000000000340
[   38.669245] ---[ end trace 583df0fb8c5b15fe ]---
[   38.670752] RIP: 0010:update_writeback_rate+0x36/0x330 [bcache]
[   38.672617] Code: 56 41 55 41 54 53 48 83 ec 08 4c 8b af 10 f4 ff ff f0 80 
8f 30 f4 ff ff 10 f0 83 44 24 fc 00 48 8b 87 30 f4 ff ff a8 08
 74 59 <49> 8b 85 40 03 00 00 48 c1 e8 03 83 e0 01 49 89 c4 75 46 8b 47 e8
[   38.678121] RSP: 0018:ffffb6fac0e23e50 EFLAGS: 00010202
[   38.679761] RAX: 0000000000000018 RBX: ffff9fb637b22700 RCX: ffff9fb637b22720
[   38.683382] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: ffff9fb63740aeb0 RDI: ffff9fb632120c70
[   38.686852] RBP: ffffb6fac0e23e80 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 000073746e657665
[   38.690348] R10: 8080808080808080 R11: 00000008e9a3614c R12: ffff9fb637b27700
[   38.693839] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff9fb632120c70 R15: 0ffff9fb637b2770
[   38.697305] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9fb637b00000(0000) 
knlGS:0000000000000000
[   38.701376] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[   38.704236] CR2: 0000000000000340 CR3: 0000000234358000 CR4: 00000000000006e0

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1837788

Title:
  bcache kernel warning when attaching device

Status in linux package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  See attached dmesg, each time this server is rebooted it emits a
  concerning bcache warning.

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 18.04
  Package: linux-image-4.15.0-54-generic 4.15.0-54.58
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.15.0-54.58-generic 4.15.18
  Uname: Linux 4.15.0-54-generic x86_64
  AlsaVersion: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 
k4.15.0-54-generic.
  AplayDevices: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'aplay': 'aplay'
  ApportVersion: 2.20.9-0ubuntu7.7
  Architecture: amd64
  ArecordDevices: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'arecord': 
'arecord'
  AudioDevicesInUse: Error: command ['fuser', '-v', '/dev/snd/by-path', 
'/dev/snd/hwC0D2', '/dev/snd/pcmC0D2c', '/dev/snd/pcmC0D3c', 
'/dev/snd/pcmC0D3p', '/dev/snd/pcmC0D0c', '/dev/snd/pcmC0D0p', 
'/dev/snd/controlC0', '/dev/snd/hwC1D0', '/dev/snd/pcmC1D3p', 
'/dev/snd/controlC1', '/dev/snd/seq', '/dev/snd/timer'] failed with exit code 1:
  Card0.Amixer.info: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'amixer': 
'amixer'
  Card0.Amixer.values: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'amixer': 
'amixer'
  Card1.Amixer.info: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'amixer': 
'amixer'
  Card1.Amixer.values: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'amixer': 
'amixer'
  Date: Wed Jul 24 12:28:06 2019
  InstallationDate: Installed on 2013-10-04 (2119 days ago)
  InstallationMedia: Ubuntu-Server 13.10 "Saucy Salamander" - Beta amd64 
(20130925.1)
  MachineType: Supermicro X9DAi
  ProcEnviron:
   TERM=xterm-256color
   PATH=(custom, no user)
   XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
   LANG=en_US.UTF-8
   SHELL=/bin/bash
  ProcFB: 0 EFI VGA
  ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-4.15.0-54-generic 
root=UUID=8577302d-1f37-40a6-afcd-385beb26059f ro nomodeset elevator=deadline 
nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0 nopti noibrs noibpb
  RelatedPackageVersions:
   linux-restricted-modules-4.15.0-54-generic N/A
   linux-backports-modules-4.15.0-54-generic  N/A
   linux-firmware                             1.173.9
  RfKill: Error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'rfkill': 'rfkill'
  SourcePackage: linux
  UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to bionic on 2018-06-09 (409 days ago)
  dmi.bios.date: 05/09/2015
  dmi.bios.vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
  dmi.bios.version: 3.2
  dmi.board.asset.tag: To be filled by O.E.M.
  dmi.board.name: X9DAi
  dmi.board.vendor: Supermicro
  dmi.board.version: 0123456789
  dmi.chassis.asset.tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
  dmi.chassis.type: 3
  dmi.chassis.vendor: Supermicro
  dmi.chassis.version: 0123456789
  dmi.modalias: 
dmi:bvnAmericanMegatrendsInc.:bvr3.2:bd05/09/2015:svnSupermicro:pnX9DAi:pvr0123456789:rvnSupermicro:rnX9DAi:rvr0123456789:cvnSupermicro:ct3:cvr0123456789:
  dmi.product.family: To be filled by O.E.M.
  dmi.product.name: X9DAi
  dmi.product.version: 0123456789
  dmi.sys.vendor: Supermicro

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