https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=482614

PasserBy 006.5 <[email protected]> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
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                 CC|                            |arthuripswichdent01@outlook
                   |                            |.com

--- Comment #12 from PasserBy 006.5 <[email protected]> ---
I've triggered this bug with Signal.

Everything that I learned about next steps, I learned from z.ai, and attempted
to confirm by playing with ffplay and fsnotifywait.

I think that how hard it is depends a lot on how compromised the machine is. 
Here is an attempt at a taxonomy of conditions and the responses that they call
for:

- much better than usual (for the purposes of comparison)
-- the machine is telepathic and competent.  It does whatever the person wants,
who last sat in front of it
--- physical security of the machine; reliably wish for privacy; wish the
indicator changed, to cosmetically give better information : - )

- the usual best case
-- the machine only runs the operating system as manufactured and the user's
choice of user-land software
--- have good luck and good management chosing what to install; make no
mistakes while using it
--- the indicator is faulty, but the fault is not compromising

- the attacker has never run software as root
-- the relevant device files are all in /dev
-- monitor their use and also creation (dynamically by udev, especially when a
webcam is plugged in) with fsnotify (which requires a root helper), or inotify
(which has race conditions)
--- fsnotify comes with options to block the opening of webcams, as requested
in https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=447034

- the attacker has run software as root, but is not since the last reboot
-- there are device files elsewhere in the filestem
--- search for and remove those device files over time
--- monitor access to the video device driver

- the attacker is running software as root, including device drivers
-- a substitute device driver is providing untraced access to a webcam and
emulating the usual driver
--- this one is beyond me.  It probably involves shutting down the machine,
mounting its firmware and filesystem on a machine that is still trustworthy,
and positively accounting for all executable code, which cannot be done from
the inside of an indicator applet : - )

So, someone (bags not me) gets to decide what degree of compromise the
indicator should be resistant to, which affects what the next steps are.

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