atris commented on code in PR #3418:
URL: https://github.com/apache/solr/pull/3418#discussion_r2195755106


##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/search/combine/QueryAndResponseCombiner.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.search.combine;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Explanation;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
+import org.apache.solr.common.SolrException;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.util.NamedList;
+import org.apache.solr.handler.component.ShardDoc;
+import org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocList;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SolrIndexSearcher;
+
+/**
+ * The QueryAndResponseCombiner class is an abstract base class for combining 
query results and
+ * responses. It provides a framework for different algorithms to be 
implemented for merging ranked
+ * lists and shard documents.
+ */
+public abstract class QueryAndResponseCombiner {
+
+  protected int upTo;
+
+  /**
+   * Constructs a QueryAndResponseCombiner instance.
+   *
+   * @param requestParams the SolrParams containing the request parameters.
+   */
+  protected QueryAndResponseCombiner(SolrParams requestParams) {
+    this.upTo =
+        requestParams.getInt(CombinerParams.COMBINER_UP_TO, 
CombinerParams.COMBINER_UP_TO_DEFAULT);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Combines multiple ranked lists into a single QueryResult.
+   *
+   * @param rankedLists a list of ranked lists to be combined
+   * @return a new QueryResult containing the combined results
+   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the input list is empty
+   */
+  public abstract QueryResult combine(List<QueryResult> rankedLists);
+
+  /**
+   * Combines shard documents based on the provided map.
+   *
+   * @param shardDocMap a map where keys represent shard IDs and values are 
lists of ShardDocs for
+   *     each shard
+   * @return a combined list of ShardDocs from all shards
+   */
+  public abstract List<ShardDoc> combine(Map<String, List<ShardDoc>> 
shardDocMap);
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieves a list of explanations for the given queries and results.
+   *
+   * @param queryKeys the keys associated with the queries
+   * @param queries the list of queries for which explanations are requested
+   * @param resultsPerQuery the list of document lists corresponding to each 
query
+   * @param searcher the SolrIndexSearcher used to perform the search
+   * @param schema the IndexSchema used to interpret the search results
+   * @return a list of explanations for the given queries and results
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during the explanation 
retrieval process
+   */
+  public abstract NamedList<Explanation> getExplanations(
+      String[] queryKeys,
+      List<Query> queries,
+      List<DocList> resultsPerQuery,
+      SolrIndexSearcher searcher,
+      IndexSchema schema)
+      throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieves an implementation of the QueryAndResponseCombiner based on the 
specified algorithm.
+   *
+   * @param requestParams the SolrParams containing the request parameters, 
including the combiner
+   *     algorithm.
+   * @return an instance of QueryAndResponseCombiner corresponding to the 
specified algorithm.
+   * @throws SolrException if an unknown combiner algorithm is specified.
+   */
+  public static QueryAndResponseCombiner getImplementation(SolrParams 
requestParams) {
+    String algorithm =
+        requestParams.get(CombinerParams.COMBINER_ALGORITHM, 
CombinerParams.RECIPROCAL_RANK_FUSION);
+    if (algorithm.equals(CombinerParams.RECIPROCAL_RANK_FUSION)) {

Review Comment:
   This is hardcoded - why not have a Plugin interface here, allowing dynamic 
plugin loaded here?



##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/search/combine/QueryAndResponseCombiner.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.search.combine;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Explanation;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
+import org.apache.solr.common.SolrException;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.util.NamedList;
+import org.apache.solr.handler.component.ShardDoc;
+import org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocList;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SolrIndexSearcher;
+
+/**
+ * The QueryAndResponseCombiner class is an abstract base class for combining 
query results and
+ * responses. It provides a framework for different algorithms to be 
implemented for merging ranked
+ * lists and shard documents.
+ */
+public abstract class QueryAndResponseCombiner {
+
+  protected int upTo;
+
+  /**
+   * Constructs a QueryAndResponseCombiner instance.
+   *
+   * @param requestParams the SolrParams containing the request parameters.
+   */
+  protected QueryAndResponseCombiner(SolrParams requestParams) {
+    this.upTo =
+        requestParams.getInt(CombinerParams.COMBINER_UP_TO, 
CombinerParams.COMBINER_UP_TO_DEFAULT);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Combines multiple ranked lists into a single QueryResult.
+   *
+   * @param rankedLists a list of ranked lists to be combined
+   * @return a new QueryResult containing the combined results
+   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the input list is empty
+   */
+  public abstract QueryResult combine(List<QueryResult> rankedLists);
+
+  /**
+   * Combines shard documents based on the provided map.
+   *
+   * @param shardDocMap a map where keys represent shard IDs and values are 
lists of ShardDocs for
+   *     each shard
+   * @return a combined list of ShardDocs from all shards
+   */
+  public abstract List<ShardDoc> combine(Map<String, List<ShardDoc>> 
shardDocMap);
+
+  /**
+   * Retrieves a list of explanations for the given queries and results.
+   *
+   * @param queryKeys the keys associated with the queries
+   * @param queries the list of queries for which explanations are requested
+   * @param resultsPerQuery the list of document lists corresponding to each 
query
+   * @param searcher the SolrIndexSearcher used to perform the search
+   * @param schema the IndexSchema used to interpret the search results
+   * @return a list of explanations for the given queries and results
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during the explanation 
retrieval process
+   */
+  public abstract NamedList<Explanation> getExplanations(

Review Comment:
   Please implement support for debug as well



##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/handler/component/CombinedQueryComponent.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.handler.component;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CursorMarkParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.ShardParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.response.BasicResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.ResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.SolrQueryResponse;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocListAndSet;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.combine.QueryAndResponseCombiner;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The CombinedQueryComponent class extends QueryComponent and provides 
support for executing
+ * multiple queries and combining their results.
+ */
+public class CombinedQueryComponent extends QueryComponent {
+
+  public static final String COMPONENT_NAME = "combined_query";
+  private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass());
+
+  /**
+   * Overrides the prepare method to handle combined queries.
+   *
+   * @param rb the ResponseBuilder to prepare
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during preparation
+   */
+  @Override
+  public void prepare(ResponseBuilder rb) throws IOException {
+    if (rb instanceof CombinedQueryResponseBuilder crb) {
+      SolrParams params = crb.req.getParams();
+      String[] queriesToCombineKeys = 
params.getParams(CombinerParams.COMBINER_QUERY);
+      for (String queryKey : queriesToCombineKeys) {
+        final var unparsedQuery = params.get(queryKey);
+        ResponseBuilder rbNew = new ResponseBuilder(rb.req, new 
SolrQueryResponse(), rb.components);
+        rbNew.setQueryString(unparsedQuery);
+        super.prepare(rbNew);
+        crb.responseBuilders.add(rbNew);
+      }
+    }
+    super.prepare(rb);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Overrides the process method to handle CombinedQueryResponseBuilder 
instances. This method
+   * processes the responses from multiple shards, combines them using the 
specified
+   * QueryAndResponseCombiner strategy, and sets the appropriate results and 
metadata in the
+   * CombinedQueryResponseBuilder.
+   *
+   * @param rb the ResponseBuilder object to process

Review Comment:
   I wonder if we can abstract the subquery propagated execution in a separate 
class:
   
   ```
   public class SubQueryExecutor {
     private final SolrQueryRequest sharedReq;
     private final List<SearchComponent> components;
   
     public SubQueryExecutor(SolrQueryRequest req, List<SearchComponent> 
components) {
       this.sharedReq = req;
       this.components = components;
     }
   
     public void execute(List<ResponseBuilder> builders) throws IOException {
       for (ResponseBuilder rb : builders) {
         for (SearchComponent c : components) {
           c.prepare(rb);  // or distributedPrepare
         }
       }
       for (ResponseBuilder rb : builders) {
         for (SearchComponent c : components) {
           c.process(rb);  // or distributedProcess
         }
       }
     }
   }
   ```
   
   This will avoid nesting like  `  super.prepare(rbNew); `



##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/handler/component/CombinedQueryComponent.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.handler.component;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CursorMarkParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.ShardParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.response.BasicResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.ResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.SolrQueryResponse;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocListAndSet;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.combine.QueryAndResponseCombiner;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The CombinedQueryComponent class extends QueryComponent and provides 
support for executing
+ * multiple queries and combining their results.
+ */
+public class CombinedQueryComponent extends QueryComponent {
+
+  public static final String COMPONENT_NAME = "combined_query";
+  private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass());
+
+  /**
+   * Overrides the prepare method to handle combined queries.
+   *
+   * @param rb the ResponseBuilder to prepare
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during preparation
+   */
+  @Override
+  public void prepare(ResponseBuilder rb) throws IOException {

Review Comment:
   How does this work with grouping, highlighting and faceting? Those methods 
from QueryComponent are not overridden here, so updated ResponseBuilders are 
not propagated there.



##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/search/combine/ReciprocalRankFusion.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.search.combine;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Explanation;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.TotalHits;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.util.NamedList;
+import org.apache.solr.common.util.SimpleOrderedMap;
+import org.apache.solr.handler.component.ShardDoc;
+import org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocIterator;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocList;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocSlice;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SolrIndexSearcher;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SortedIntDocSet;
+
+/**
+ * The ReciprocalRankFusion class implements a query and response combiner 
that uses the Reciprocal
+ * Rank Fusion (RRF) algorithm to combine multiple ranked lists into a single 
ranked list.
+ */
+public class ReciprocalRankFusion extends QueryAndResponseCombiner {
+
+  private final int k;
+
+  /**
+   * Constructs a ReciprocalRankFusion instance.
+   *
+   * @param requestParams the SolrParams containing the configuration 
parameters for this combiner.
+   */
+  public ReciprocalRankFusion(SolrParams requestParams) {
+    super(requestParams);
+    this.k =
+        requestParams.getInt(CombinerParams.COMBINER_RRF_K, 
CombinerParams.COMBINER_RRF_K_DEFAULT);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public QueryResult combine(List<QueryResult> rankedLists) {
+    List<DocList> docLists = new ArrayList<>(rankedLists.size());
+    for (QueryResult rankedList : rankedLists) {
+      docLists.add(rankedList.getDocList());
+    }
+    QueryResult combinedResult = new QueryResult();
+    combineResults(combinedResult, docLists, false);
+    return combinedResult;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public List<ShardDoc> combine(Map<String, List<ShardDoc>> shardDocMap) {
+    HashMap<String, Float> docIdToScore = new HashMap<>();
+    Map<String, ShardDoc> docIdToShardDoc = new HashMap<>();
+    List<ShardDoc> finalShardDocList = new ArrayList<>();
+    for (Map.Entry<String, List<ShardDoc>> shardDocEntry : 
shardDocMap.entrySet()) {
+      List<ShardDoc> shardDocList = shardDocEntry.getValue();
+      int ranking = 1;
+      while (ranking <= shardDocList.size() && ranking <= upTo) {
+        String docId = shardDocList.get(ranking - 1).id.toString();
+        docIdToShardDoc.put(docId, shardDocList.get(ranking - 1));
+        float rrfScore = 1f / (k + ranking);
+        docIdToScore.compute(docId, (id, score) -> (score == null) ? rrfScore 
: score + rrfScore);
+        ranking++;
+      }
+    }
+    // TODO: Add the remaining items out of upTo limit to the docIdToScore
+    List<Map.Entry<String, Float>> sortedByScoreDescending =
+        docIdToScore.entrySet().stream()
+            .sorted(Collections.reverseOrder(Map.Entry.comparingByValue()))
+            .toList();
+    for (Map.Entry<String, Float> scoredDoc : sortedByScoreDescending) {
+      String docId = scoredDoc.getKey();
+      Float score = scoredDoc.getValue();
+      ShardDoc shardDoc = docIdToShardDoc.get(docId);
+      shardDoc.score = score;

Review Comment:
   This is dangerous - this is mutating the original ShardDoc object. It might 
be referred to by another component, and is a bad idea to modify in place.



##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/handler/component/CombinedQueryComponent.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.handler.component;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CursorMarkParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.ShardParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.response.BasicResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.ResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.SolrQueryResponse;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocListAndSet;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.combine.QueryAndResponseCombiner;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The CombinedQueryComponent class extends QueryComponent and provides 
support for executing
+ * multiple queries and combining their results.
+ */
+public class CombinedQueryComponent extends QueryComponent {
+
+  public static final String COMPONENT_NAME = "combined_query";
+  private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(MethodHandles.lookup().lookupClass());
+
+  /**
+   * Overrides the prepare method to handle combined queries.
+   *
+   * @param rb the ResponseBuilder to prepare
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during preparation
+   */
+  @Override
+  public void prepare(ResponseBuilder rb) throws IOException {
+    if (rb instanceof CombinedQueryResponseBuilder crb) {
+      SolrParams params = crb.req.getParams();
+      String[] queriesToCombineKeys = 
params.getParams(CombinerParams.COMBINER_QUERY);
+      for (String queryKey : queriesToCombineKeys) {
+        final var unparsedQuery = params.get(queryKey);
+        ResponseBuilder rbNew = new ResponseBuilder(rb.req, new 
SolrQueryResponse(), rb.components);
+        rbNew.setQueryString(unparsedQuery);
+        super.prepare(rbNew);
+        crb.responseBuilders.add(rbNew);
+      }
+    }
+    super.prepare(rb);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Overrides the process method to handle CombinedQueryResponseBuilder 
instances. This method
+   * processes the responses from multiple shards, combines them using the 
specified
+   * QueryAndResponseCombiner strategy, and sets the appropriate results and 
metadata in the
+   * CombinedQueryResponseBuilder.
+   *
+   * @param rb the ResponseBuilder object to process
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during processing
+   */
+  @Override
+  public void process(ResponseBuilder rb) throws IOException {
+    if (rb instanceof CombinedQueryResponseBuilder crb) {
+      boolean partialResults = false;
+      boolean segmentTerminatedEarly = false;
+      List<QueryResult> queryResults = new ArrayList<>();
+      for (ResponseBuilder rbNow : crb.responseBuilders) {
+        super.process(rbNow);
+        DocListAndSet docListAndSet = rbNow.getResults();
+        QueryResult queryResult = new QueryResult();
+        queryResult.setDocListAndSet(docListAndSet);
+        queryResults.add(queryResult);
+        partialResults |= 
SolrQueryResponse.isPartialResults(rbNow.rsp.getResponseHeader());
+        rbNow.setCursorMark(rbNow.getCursorMark());
+        if (rbNow.rsp.getResponseHeader() != null) {
+          segmentTerminatedEarly |=
+              (boolean)
+                  rbNow
+                      .rsp
+                      .getResponseHeader()
+                      .getOrDefault(
+                          
SolrQueryResponse.RESPONSE_HEADER_SEGMENT_TERMINATED_EARLY_KEY, false);
+        }
+      }
+      QueryAndResponseCombiner combinerStrategy =
+          QueryAndResponseCombiner.getImplementation(rb.req.getParams());
+      QueryResult combinedQueryResult = combinerStrategy.combine(queryResults);
+      combinedQueryResult.setPartialResults(partialResults);
+      combinedQueryResult.setSegmentTerminatedEarly(segmentTerminatedEarly);
+      crb.setResult(combinedQueryResult);
+      ResultContext ctx = new BasicResultContext(crb);
+      crb.rsp.addResponse(ctx);
+      crb.rsp
+          .getToLog()
+          .add(
+              "hits",
+              crb.getResults() == null || crb.getResults().docList == null
+                  ? 0
+                  : crb.getResults().docList.matches());
+      if (!crb.req.getParams().getBool(ShardParams.IS_SHARD, false)) {
+        if (null != crb.getNextCursorMark()) {
+          crb.rsp.add(
+              CursorMarkParams.CURSOR_MARK_NEXT, 
crb.getNextCursorMark().getSerializedTotem());
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (crb.mergeFieldHandler != null) {
+        crb.mergeFieldHandler.handleMergeFields(crb, crb.req.getSearcher());
+      } else {
+        doFieldSortValues(rb, crb.req.getSearcher());
+      }
+      doPrefetch(crb);
+    } else {
+      super.process(rb);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  protected Map<Object, ShardDoc> createShardResult(
+      ResponseBuilder rb,
+      int resultSize,
+      ShardFieldSortedHitQueue queue,
+      Map<String, List<ShardDoc>> shardDocMap,
+      SolrDocumentList responseDocs) {
+    QueryAndResponseCombiner combinerStrategy =
+        QueryAndResponseCombiner.getImplementation(rb.req.getParams());
+    List<ShardDoc> combinedShardDocs = combinerStrategy.combine(shardDocMap);
+    Map<String, ShardDoc> shardDocIdMap = new HashMap<>();
+    shardDocMap.forEach(
+        (shardKey, shardDocs) ->
+            shardDocs.forEach(shardDoc -> 
shardDocIdMap.put(shardDoc.id.toString(), shardDoc)));
+    Map<Object, ShardDoc> resultIds = new HashMap<>();
+    float maxScore = 0.0f;
+    for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
+      ShardDoc shardDoc = combinedShardDocs.get(i);
+      shardDoc.positionInResponse = i;
+      maxScore = Math.max(maxScore, shardDoc.score);

Review Comment:
   How does this normalise across different query types (KNN, BM25,, filters)?



##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/handler/component/CombinedQueryComponent.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.handler.component;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CursorMarkParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.ShardParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.response.BasicResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.ResultContext;
+import org.apache.solr.response.SolrQueryResponse;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocListAndSet;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.combine.QueryAndResponseCombiner;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The CombinedQueryComponent class extends QueryComponent and provides 
support for executing
+ * multiple queries and combining their results.
+ */
+public class CombinedQueryComponent extends QueryComponent {

Review Comment:
   QueryComponent is specifically designed for Solr's distributed search 
processing. We override prepare method, but then invoke super.prepare with the 
sub response. This could quickly get uncontrolled for a query with large number 
of clauses.
   
   I would suggest overriding SearchComponent and defining explicit 
subBuilder.process and subBuilder.prepare methods.



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