xuyangzhong opened a new pull request, #23779:
URL: https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/23779

   ## What is the purpose of the change
   
   Currently RAND and RAND_INTEGER are always return type "NOT NULL" as built 
in functions in `FlinkSqlOperatorTable`. But when codegen, the result type is 
always nullable in `RandCallGen`.
   
   Actually, the result type of RAND and RAND_INTEGER should depend on the 
types of arguments. For example, If the argument is nullable, the return type 
should be nullable.
   
   This bug causes the error with pattern "IF(1 = 1, RAND(0), 0)", because the 
following logic:
   1. the result type of RAND is always "not null" when validation in 
`FlinkSqlOperatorTable`, and the third param is 0 that is always "not null", so 
the return type of operator IF is always "not null".
   2. when codegen operator RAND, the return type of RAND(0) is always 
"nullable"
   3. when codegen operator IF, the CAST rule cannot cast from "nullable" (the 
second arg RAND) to "not null"(the result type), so the exception throws.
   
   ## Brief change log
   
     - *correct the return type to be nullable when one of its args is nullable 
during validation*
     - *correct the final return type to be nullable when the original result 
type is nullable during codegen*
     - *add tests*
   
   
   ## Verifying this change
   
   Some tests are added to verify this pr.
   
   ## Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:
   
     - Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): no
     - The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with 
`@Public(Evolving)`: no
     - The serializers: no
     - The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): no
     - Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its 
components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: no
     - The S3 file system connector: no
   
   ## Documentation
   
     - Does this pull request introduce a new feature? no
     - If yes, how is the feature documented? no
   


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