This allows us to more easily create a "vfio" module that includes
multiple files. No code change, rename and Makefile update only.
Signed-off-by: Alex Williamson <alex.william...@redhat.com>
---
drivers/vfio/Makefile | 1
drivers/vfio/vfio.c | 1640 ----------------------------------------------
drivers/vfio/vfio_core.c | 1640 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 1641 insertions(+), 1640 deletions(-)
delete mode 100644 drivers/vfio/vfio.c
create mode 100644 drivers/vfio/vfio_core.c
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/Makefile b/drivers/vfio/Makefile
index 7b8a31f..e8fa248 100644
--- a/drivers/vfio/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/vfio/Makefile
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
vfio_virqfd-y := virqfd.o
+vfio-y := vfio_core.o
obj-$(CONFIG_VFIO) += vfio.o
obj-$(CONFIG_VFIO_VIRQFD) += vfio_virqfd.o
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio.c b/drivers/vfio/vfio.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 563c510..0000000
--- a/drivers/vfio/vfio.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1640 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * VFIO core
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
- * Author: Alex Williamson <alex.william...@redhat.com>
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * Derived from original vfio:
- * Copyright 2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
- * Author: Tom Lyon, p...@cisco.com
- */
-
-#include <linux/cdev.h>
-#include <linux/compat.h>
-#include <linux/device.h>
-#include <linux/file.h>
-#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
-#include <linux/fs.h>
-#include <linux/idr.h>
-#include <linux/iommu.h>
-#include <linux/list.h>
-#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
-#include <linux/module.h>
-#include <linux/mutex.h>
-#include <linux/rwsem.h>
-#include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/stat.h>
-#include <linux/string.h>
-#include <linux/uaccess.h>
-#include <linux/vfio.h>
-#include <linux/wait.h>
-
-#define DRIVER_VERSION "0.3"
-#define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Alex Williamson <alex.william...@redhat.com>"
-#define DRIVER_DESC "VFIO - User Level meta-driver"
-
-static struct vfio {
- struct class *class;
- struct list_head iommu_drivers_list;
- struct mutex iommu_drivers_lock;
- struct list_head group_list;
- struct idr group_idr;
- struct mutex group_lock;
- struct cdev group_cdev;
- dev_t group_devt;
- wait_queue_head_t release_q;
-} vfio;
-
-struct vfio_iommu_driver {
- const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops;
- struct list_head vfio_next;
-};
-
-struct vfio_container {
- struct kref kref;
- struct list_head group_list;
- struct rw_semaphore group_lock;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *iommu_driver;
- void *iommu_data;
-};
-
-struct vfio_unbound_dev {
- struct device *dev;
- struct list_head unbound_next;
-};
-
-struct vfio_group {
- struct kref kref;
- int minor;
- atomic_t container_users;
- struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
- struct vfio_container *container;
- struct list_head device_list;
- struct mutex device_lock;
- struct device *dev;
- struct notifier_block nb;
- struct list_head vfio_next;
- struct list_head container_next;
- struct list_head unbound_list;
- struct mutex unbound_lock;
- atomic_t opened;
-};
-
-struct vfio_device {
- struct kref kref;
- struct device *dev;
- const struct vfio_device_ops *ops;
- struct vfio_group *group;
- struct list_head group_next;
- void *device_data;
-};
-
-/**
- * IOMMU driver registration
- */
-int vfio_register_iommu_driver(const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops)
-{
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver, *tmp;
-
- driver = kzalloc(sizeof(*driver), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!driver)
- return -ENOMEM;
-
- driver->ops = ops;
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
-
- /* Check for duplicates */
- list_for_each_entry(tmp, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
- if (tmp->ops == ops) {
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- kfree(driver);
- return -EINVAL;
- }
- }
-
- list_add(&driver->vfio_next, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list);
-
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
-
- return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_register_iommu_driver);
-
-void vfio_unregister_iommu_driver(const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops)
-{
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
- if (driver->ops == ops) {
- list_del(&driver->vfio_next);
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- kfree(driver);
- return;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_unregister_iommu_driver);
-
-/**
- * Group minor allocation/free - both called with vfio.group_lock held
- */
-static int vfio_alloc_group_minor(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- return idr_alloc(&vfio.group_idr, group, 0, MINORMASK + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
-}
-
-static void vfio_free_group_minor(int minor)
-{
- idr_remove(&vfio.group_idr, minor);
-}
-
-static int vfio_iommu_group_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
- unsigned long action, void *data);
-static void vfio_group_get(struct vfio_group *group);
-
-/**
- * Container objects - containers are created when /dev/vfio/vfio is
- * opened, but their lifecycle extends until the last user is done, so
- * it's freed via kref. Must support container/group/device being
- * closed in any order.
- */
-static void vfio_container_get(struct vfio_container *container)
-{
- kref_get(&container->kref);
-}
-
-static void vfio_container_release(struct kref *kref)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container;
- container = container_of(kref, struct vfio_container, kref);
-
- kfree(container);
-}
-
-static void vfio_container_put(struct vfio_container *container)
-{
- kref_put(&container->kref, vfio_container_release);
-}
-
-static void vfio_group_unlock_and_free(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
- /*
- * Unregister outside of lock. A spurious callback is harmless now
- * that the group is no longer in vfio.group_list.
- */
- iommu_group_unregister_notifier(group->iommu_group, &group->nb);
- kfree(group);
-}
-
-/**
- * Group objects - create, release, get, put, search
- */
-static struct vfio_group *vfio_create_group(struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group, *tmp;
- struct device *dev;
- int ret, minor;
-
- group = kzalloc(sizeof(*group), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!group)
- return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-
- kref_init(&group->kref);
- INIT_LIST_HEAD(&group->device_list);
- mutex_init(&group->device_lock);
- INIT_LIST_HEAD(&group->unbound_list);
- mutex_init(&group->unbound_lock);
- atomic_set(&group->container_users, 0);
- atomic_set(&group->opened, 0);
- group->iommu_group = iommu_group;
-
- group->nb.notifier_call = vfio_iommu_group_notifier;
-
- /*
- * blocking notifiers acquire a rwsem around registering and hold
- * it around callback. Therefore, need to register outside of
- * vfio.group_lock to avoid A-B/B-A contention. Our callback won't
- * do anything unless it can find the group in vfio.group_list, so
- * no harm in registering early.
- */
- ret = iommu_group_register_notifier(iommu_group, &group->nb);
- if (ret) {
- kfree(group);
- return ERR_PTR(ret);
- }
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
-
- /* Did we race creating this group? */
- list_for_each_entry(tmp, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
- if (tmp->iommu_group == iommu_group) {
- vfio_group_get(tmp);
- vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
- return tmp;
- }
- }
-
- minor = vfio_alloc_group_minor(group);
- if (minor < 0) {
- vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
- return ERR_PTR(minor);
- }
-
- dev = device_create(vfio.class, NULL,
- MKDEV(MAJOR(vfio.group_devt), minor),
- group, "%d", iommu_group_id(iommu_group));
- if (IS_ERR(dev)) {
- vfio_free_group_minor(minor);
- vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
- return (struct vfio_group *)dev; /* ERR_PTR */
- }
-
- group->minor = minor;
- group->dev = dev;
-
- list_add(&group->vfio_next, &vfio.group_list);
-
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
-
- return group;
-}
-
-/* called with vfio.group_lock held */
-static void vfio_group_release(struct kref *kref)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = container_of(kref, struct vfio_group, kref);
- struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound, *tmp;
- struct iommu_group *iommu_group = group->iommu_group;
-
- WARN_ON(!list_empty(&group->device_list));
-
- list_for_each_entry_safe(unbound, tmp,
- &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
- list_del(&unbound->unbound_next);
- kfree(unbound);
- }
-
- device_destroy(vfio.class, MKDEV(MAJOR(vfio.group_devt), group->minor));
- list_del(&group->vfio_next);
- vfio_free_group_minor(group->minor);
- vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
- iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
-}
-
-static void vfio_group_put(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- kref_put_mutex(&group->kref, vfio_group_release, &vfio.group_lock);
-}
-
-/* Assume group_lock or group reference is held */
-static void vfio_group_get(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- kref_get(&group->kref);
-}
-
-/*
- * Not really a try as we will sleep for mutex, but we need to make
- * sure the group pointer is valid under lock and get a reference.
- */
-static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_try_get(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- struct vfio_group *target = group;
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(group, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
- if (group == target) {
- vfio_group_get(group);
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
- return group;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
-
- return NULL;
-}
-
-static
-struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_iommu(struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group;
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(group, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
- if (group->iommu_group == iommu_group) {
- vfio_group_get(group);
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
- return group;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
-
- return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_minor(int minor)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group;
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
- group = idr_find(&vfio.group_idr, minor);
- if (!group) {
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
- return NULL;
- }
- vfio_group_get(group);
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
-
- return group;
-}
-
-/**
- * Device objects - create, release, get, put, search
- */
-static
-struct vfio_device *vfio_group_create_device(struct vfio_group *group,
- struct device *dev,
- const struct vfio_device_ops *ops,
- void *device_data)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- device = kzalloc(sizeof(*device), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!device)
- return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-
- kref_init(&device->kref);
- device->dev = dev;
- device->group = group;
- device->ops = ops;
- device->device_data = device_data;
- dev_set_drvdata(dev, device);
-
- /* No need to get group_lock, caller has group reference */
- vfio_group_get(group);
-
- mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
- list_add(&device->group_next, &group->device_list);
- mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
-
- return device;
-}
-
-static void vfio_device_release(struct kref *kref)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = container_of(kref,
- struct vfio_device, kref);
- struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
-
- list_del(&device->group_next);
- mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
-
- dev_set_drvdata(device->dev, NULL);
-
- kfree(device);
-
- /* vfio_del_group_dev may be waiting for this device */
- wake_up(&vfio.release_q);
-}
-
-/* Device reference always implies a group reference */
-void vfio_device_put(struct vfio_device *device)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
- kref_put_mutex(&device->kref, vfio_device_release, &group->device_lock);
- vfio_group_put(group);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_put);
-
-static void vfio_device_get(struct vfio_device *device)
-{
- vfio_group_get(device->group);
- kref_get(&device->kref);
-}
-
-static struct vfio_device *vfio_group_get_device(struct vfio_group *group,
- struct device *dev)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(device, &group->device_list, group_next) {
- if (device->dev == dev) {
- vfio_device_get(device);
- mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
- return device;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
- return NULL;
-}
-
-/*
- * Whitelist some drivers that we know are safe (no dma) or just sit on
- * a device. It's not always practical to leave a device within a group
- * driverless as it could get re-bound to something unsafe.
- */
-static const char * const vfio_driver_whitelist[] = { "pci-stub", "pcieport" };
-
-static bool vfio_whitelisted_driver(struct device_driver *drv)
-{
- int i;
-
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vfio_driver_whitelist); i++) {
- if (!strcmp(drv->name, vfio_driver_whitelist[i]))
- return true;
- }
-
- return false;
-}
-
-/*
- * A vfio group is viable for use by userspace if all devices are in
- * one of the following states:
- * - driver-less
- * - bound to a vfio driver
- * - bound to a whitelisted driver
- *
- * We use two methods to determine whether a device is bound to a vfio
- * driver. The first is to test whether the device exists in the vfio
- * group. The second is to test if the device exists on the group
- * unbound_list, indicating it's in the middle of transitioning from
- * a vfio driver to driver-less.
- */
-static int vfio_dev_viable(struct device *dev, void *data)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = data;
- struct vfio_device *device;
- struct device_driver *drv = ACCESS_ONCE(dev->driver);
- struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
- int ret = -EINVAL;
-
- mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(unbound, &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
- if (dev == unbound->dev) {
- ret = 0;
- break;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
-
- if (!ret || !drv || vfio_whitelisted_driver(drv))
- return 0;
-
- device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
- if (device) {
- vfio_device_put(device);
- return 0;
- }
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-/**
- * Async device support
- */
-static int vfio_group_nb_add_dev(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- /* Do we already know about it? We shouldn't */
- device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
- if (WARN_ON_ONCE(device)) {
- vfio_device_put(device);
- return 0;
- }
-
- /* Nothing to do for idle groups */
- if (!atomic_read(&group->container_users))
- return 0;
-
- /* TODO Prevent device auto probing */
- WARN("Device %s added to live group %d!\n", dev_name(dev),
- iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static int vfio_group_nb_verify(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
-{
- /* We don't care what happens when the group isn't in use */
- if (!atomic_read(&group->container_users))
- return 0;
-
- return vfio_dev_viable(dev, group);
-}
-
-static int vfio_iommu_group_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
- unsigned long action, void *data)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = container_of(nb, struct vfio_group, nb);
- struct device *dev = data;
- struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
-
- /*
- * Need to go through a group_lock lookup to get a reference or we
- * risk racing a group being removed. Ignore spurious notifies.
- */
- group = vfio_group_try_get(group);
- if (!group)
- return NOTIFY_OK;
-
- switch (action) {
- case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE:
- vfio_group_nb_add_dev(group, dev);
- break;
- case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_DEL_DEVICE:
- /*
- * Nothing to do here. If the device is in use, then the
- * vfio sub-driver should block the remove callback until
- * it is unused. If the device is unused or attached to a
- * stub driver, then it should be released and we don't
- * care that it will be going away.
- */
- break;
- case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER:
- pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d binding to driver\n",
- __func__, dev_name(dev),
- iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
- break;
- case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER:
- pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d bound to driver %s\n",
- __func__, dev_name(dev),
- iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group), dev->driver->name);
- BUG_ON(vfio_group_nb_verify(group, dev));
- break;
- case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER:
- pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d unbinding from driver %s\n",
- __func__, dev_name(dev),
- iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group), dev->driver->name);
- break;
- case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER:
- pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d unbound from driver\n",
- __func__, dev_name(dev),
- iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
- /*
- * XXX An unbound device in a live group is ok, but we'd
- * really like to avoid the above BUG_ON by preventing other
- * drivers from binding to it. Once that occurs, we have to
- * stop the system to maintain isolation. At a minimum, we'd
- * want a toggle to disable driver auto probe for this device.
- */
-
- mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(unbound,
- &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
- if (dev == unbound->dev) {
- list_del(&unbound->unbound_next);
- kfree(unbound);
- break;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
- break;
- }
-
- vfio_group_put(group);
- return NOTIFY_OK;
-}
-
-/**
- * VFIO driver API
- */
-int vfio_add_group_dev(struct device *dev,
- const struct vfio_device_ops *ops, void *device_data)
-{
- struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
- struct vfio_group *group;
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- iommu_group = iommu_group_get(dev);
- if (!iommu_group)
- return -EINVAL;
-
- group = vfio_group_get_from_iommu(iommu_group);
- if (!group) {
- group = vfio_create_group(iommu_group);
- if (IS_ERR(group)) {
- iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
- return PTR_ERR(group);
- }
- } else {
- /*
- * A found vfio_group already holds a reference to the
- * iommu_group. A created vfio_group keeps the reference.
- */
- iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
- }
-
- device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
- if (device) {
- WARN(1, "Device %s already exists on group %d\n",
- dev_name(dev), iommu_group_id(iommu_group));
- vfio_device_put(device);
- vfio_group_put(group);
- return -EBUSY;
- }
-
- device = vfio_group_create_device(group, dev, ops, device_data);
- if (IS_ERR(device)) {
- vfio_group_put(group);
- return PTR_ERR(device);
- }
-
- /*
- * Drop all but the vfio_device reference. The vfio_device holds
- * a reference to the vfio_group, which holds a reference to the
- * iommu_group.
- */
- vfio_group_put(group);
-
- return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_add_group_dev);
-
-/**
- * Get a reference to the vfio_device for a device. Even if the
- * caller thinks they own the device, they could be racing with a
- * release call path, so we can't trust drvdata for the shortcut.
- * Go the long way around, from the iommu_group to the vfio_group
- * to the vfio_device.
- */
-struct vfio_device *vfio_device_get_from_dev(struct device *dev)
-{
- struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
- struct vfio_group *group;
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- iommu_group = iommu_group_get(dev);
- if (!iommu_group)
- return NULL;
-
- group = vfio_group_get_from_iommu(iommu_group);
- iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
- if (!group)
- return NULL;
-
- device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
- vfio_group_put(group);
-
- return device;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_get_from_dev);
-
-static struct vfio_device *vfio_device_get_from_name(struct vfio_group *group,
- char *buf)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(device, &group->device_list, group_next) {
- if (!strcmp(dev_name(device->dev), buf)) {
- vfio_device_get(device);
- break;
- }
- }
- mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
-
- return device;
-}
-
-/*
- * Caller must hold a reference to the vfio_device
- */
-void *vfio_device_data(struct vfio_device *device)
-{
- return device->device_data;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_data);
-
-/* Given a referenced group, check if it contains the device */
-static bool vfio_dev_present(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device;
-
- device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
- if (!device)
- return false;
-
- vfio_device_put(device);
- return true;
-}
-
-/*
- * Decrement the device reference count and wait for the device to be
- * removed. Open file descriptors for the device... */
-void *vfio_del_group_dev(struct device *dev)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
- struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
- void *device_data = device->device_data;
- struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
- unsigned int i = 0;
- long ret;
- bool interrupted = false;
-
- /*
- * The group exists so long as we have a device reference. Get
- * a group reference and use it to scan for the device going away.
- */
- vfio_group_get(group);
-
- /*
- * When the device is removed from the group, the group suddenly
- * becomes non-viable; the device has a driver (until the unbind
- * completes), but it's not present in the group. This is bad news
- * for any external users that need to re-acquire a group reference
- * in order to match and release their existing reference. To
- * solve this, we track such devices on the unbound_list to bridge
- * the gap until they're fully unbound.
- */
- unbound = kzalloc(sizeof(*unbound), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (unbound) {
- unbound->dev = dev;
- mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
- list_add(&unbound->unbound_next, &group->unbound_list);
- mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
- }
- WARN_ON(!unbound);
-
- vfio_device_put(device);
-
- /*
- * If the device is still present in the group after the above
- * 'put', then it is in use and we need to request it from the
- * bus driver. The driver may in turn need to request the
- * device from the user. We send the request on an arbitrary
- * interval with counter to allow the driver to take escalating
- * measures to release the device if it has the ability to do so.
- */
- do {
- device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
- if (!device)
- break;
-
- if (device->ops->request)
- device->ops->request(device_data, i++);
-
- vfio_device_put(device);
-
- if (interrupted) {
- ret = wait_event_timeout(vfio.release_q,
- !vfio_dev_present(group, dev), HZ * 10);
- } else {
- ret = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(vfio.release_q,
- !vfio_dev_present(group, dev), HZ * 10);
- if (ret == -ERESTARTSYS) {
- interrupted = true;
- dev_warn(dev,
- "Device is currently in use, task"
- " \"%s\" (%d) "
- "blocked until device is released",
- current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
- }
- }
- } while (ret <= 0);
-
- vfio_group_put(group);
-
- return device_data;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_del_group_dev);
-
-/**
- * VFIO base fd, /dev/vfio/vfio
- */
-static long vfio_ioctl_check_extension(struct vfio_container *container,
- unsigned long arg)
-{
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- long ret = 0;
-
- down_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
-
- switch (arg) {
- /* No base extensions yet */
- default:
- /*
- * If no driver is set, poll all registered drivers for
- * extensions and return the first positive result. If
- * a driver is already set, further queries will be passed
- * only to that driver.
- */
- if (!driver) {
- mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list,
- vfio_next) {
- if (!try_module_get(driver->ops->owner))
- continue;
-
- ret = driver->ops->ioctl(NULL,
- VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION,
- arg);
- module_put(driver->ops->owner);
- if (ret > 0)
- break;
- }
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- } else
- ret = driver->ops->ioctl(container->iommu_data,
- VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, arg);
- }
-
- up_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-/* hold write lock on container->group_lock */
-static int __vfio_container_attach_groups(struct vfio_container *container,
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver,
- void *data)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group;
- int ret = -ENODEV;
-
- list_for_each_entry(group, &container->group_list, container_next) {
- ret = driver->ops->attach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
- if (ret)
- goto unwind;
- }
-
- return ret;
-
-unwind:
- list_for_each_entry_continue_reverse(group, &container->group_list,
- container_next) {
- driver->ops->detach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
- }
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-static long vfio_ioctl_set_iommu(struct vfio_container *container,
- unsigned long arg)
-{
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- long ret = -ENODEV;
-
- down_write(&container->group_lock);
-
- /*
- * The container is designed to be an unprivileged interface while
- * the group can be assigned to specific users. Therefore, only by
- * adding a group to a container does the user get the privilege of
- * enabling the iommu, which may allocate finite resources. There
- * is no unset_iommu, but by removing all the groups from a container,
- * the container is deprivileged and returns to an unset state.
- */
- if (list_empty(&container->group_list) || container->iommu_driver) {
- up_write(&container->group_lock);
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-
- mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
- void *data;
-
- if (!try_module_get(driver->ops->owner))
- continue;
-
- /*
- * The arg magic for SET_IOMMU is the same as CHECK_EXTENSION,
- * so test which iommu driver reported support for this
- * extension and call open on them. We also pass them the
- * magic, allowing a single driver to support multiple
- * interfaces if they'd like.
- */
- if (driver->ops->ioctl(NULL, VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, arg) <= 0) {
- module_put(driver->ops->owner);
- continue;
- }
-
- /* module reference holds the driver we're working on */
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
-
- data = driver->ops->open(arg);
- if (IS_ERR(data)) {
- ret = PTR_ERR(data);
- module_put(driver->ops->owner);
- goto skip_drivers_unlock;
- }
-
- ret = __vfio_container_attach_groups(container, driver, data);
- if (!ret) {
- container->iommu_driver = driver;
- container->iommu_data = data;
- } else {
- driver->ops->release(data);
- module_put(driver->ops->owner);
- }
-
- goto skip_drivers_unlock;
- }
-
- mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
-skip_drivers_unlock:
- up_write(&container->group_lock);
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-static long vfio_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- void *data;
- long ret = -EINVAL;
-
- if (!container)
- return ret;
-
- switch (cmd) {
- case VFIO_GET_API_VERSION:
- ret = VFIO_API_VERSION;
- break;
- case VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION:
- ret = vfio_ioctl_check_extension(container, arg);
- break;
- case VFIO_SET_IOMMU:
- ret = vfio_ioctl_set_iommu(container, arg);
- break;
- default:
- down_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
- data = container->iommu_data;
-
- if (driver) /* passthrough all unrecognized ioctls */
- ret = driver->ops->ioctl(data, cmd, arg);
-
- up_read(&container->group_lock);
- }
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
-static long vfio_fops_compat_ioctl(struct file *filep,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
- arg = (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg);
- return vfio_fops_unl_ioctl(filep, cmd, arg);
-}
-#endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
-
-static int vfio_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container;
-
- container = kzalloc(sizeof(*container), GFP_KERNEL);
- if (!container)
- return -ENOMEM;
-
- INIT_LIST_HEAD(&container->group_list);
- init_rwsem(&container->group_lock);
- kref_init(&container->kref);
-
- filep->private_data = container;
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static int vfio_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
-
- filep->private_data = NULL;
-
- vfio_container_put(container);
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Once an iommu driver is set, we optionally pass read/write/mmap
- * on to the driver, allowing management interfaces beyond ioctl.
- */
-static ssize_t vfio_fops_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
- size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
-
- down_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
- if (likely(driver && driver->ops->read))
- ret = driver->ops->read(container->iommu_data,
- buf, count, ppos);
-
- up_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-static ssize_t vfio_fops_write(struct file *filep, const char __user *buf,
- size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
-
- down_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
- if (likely(driver && driver->ops->write))
- ret = driver->ops->write(container->iommu_data,
- buf, count, ppos);
-
- up_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-static int vfio_fops_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- int ret = -EINVAL;
-
- down_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
- if (likely(driver && driver->ops->mmap))
- ret = driver->ops->mmap(container->iommu_data, vma);
-
- up_read(&container->group_lock);
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-static const struct file_operations vfio_fops = {
- .owner = THIS_MODULE,
- .open = vfio_fops_open,
- .release = vfio_fops_release,
- .read = vfio_fops_read,
- .write = vfio_fops_write,
- .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_fops_unl_ioctl,
-#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
- .compat_ioctl = vfio_fops_compat_ioctl,
-#endif
- .mmap = vfio_fops_mmap,
-};
-
-/**
- * VFIO Group fd, /dev/vfio/$GROUP
- */
-static void __vfio_group_unset_container(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- struct vfio_container *container = group->container;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
-
- down_write(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
- if (driver)
- driver->ops->detach_group(container->iommu_data,
- group->iommu_group);
-
- group->container = NULL;
- list_del(&group->container_next);
-
- /* Detaching the last group deprivileges a container, remove iommu */
- if (driver && list_empty(&container->group_list)) {
- driver->ops->release(container->iommu_data);
- module_put(driver->ops->owner);
- container->iommu_driver = NULL;
- container->iommu_data = NULL;
- }
-
- up_write(&container->group_lock);
-
- vfio_container_put(container);
-}
-
-/*
- * VFIO_GROUP_UNSET_CONTAINER should fail if there are other users or
- * if there was no container to unset. Since the ioctl is called on
- * the group, we know that still exists, therefore the only valid
- * transition here is 1->0.
- */
-static int vfio_group_unset_container(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- int users = atomic_cmpxchg(&group->container_users, 1, 0);
-
- if (!users)
- return -EINVAL;
- if (users != 1)
- return -EBUSY;
-
- __vfio_group_unset_container(group);
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * When removing container users, anything that removes the last user
- * implicitly removes the group from the container. That is, if the
- * group file descriptor is closed, as well as any device file descriptors,
- * the group is free.
- */
-static void vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- if (0 == atomic_dec_if_positive(&group->container_users))
- __vfio_group_unset_container(group);
-}
-
-static int vfio_group_set_container(struct vfio_group *group, int container_fd)
-{
- struct fd f;
- struct vfio_container *container;
- struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
- int ret = 0;
-
- if (atomic_read(&group->container_users))
- return -EINVAL;
-
- f = fdget(container_fd);
- if (!f.file)
- return -EBADF;
-
- /* Sanity check, is this really our fd? */
- if (f.file->f_op != &vfio_fops) {
- fdput(f);
- return -EINVAL;
- }
-
- container = f.file->private_data;
- WARN_ON(!container); /* fget ensures we don't race vfio_release */
-
- down_write(&container->group_lock);
-
- driver = container->iommu_driver;
- if (driver) {
- ret = driver->ops->attach_group(container->iommu_data,
- group->iommu_group);
- if (ret)
- goto unlock_out;
- }
-
- group->container = container;
- list_add(&group->container_next, &container->group_list);
-
- /* Get a reference on the container and mark a user within the group */
- vfio_container_get(container);
- atomic_inc(&group->container_users);
-
-unlock_out:
- up_write(&container->group_lock);
- fdput(f);
- return ret;
-}
-
-static bool vfio_group_viable(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- return (iommu_group_for_each_dev(group->iommu_group,
- group, vfio_dev_viable) == 0);
-}
-
-static const struct file_operations vfio_device_fops;
-
-static int vfio_group_get_device_fd(struct vfio_group *group, char *buf)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device;
- struct file *filep;
- int ret;
-
- if (0 == atomic_read(&group->container_users) ||
- !group->container->iommu_driver || !vfio_group_viable(group))
- return -EINVAL;
-
- device = vfio_device_get_from_name(group, buf);
- if (!device)
- return -ENODEV;
-
- ret = device->ops->open(device->device_data);
- if (ret) {
- vfio_device_put(device);
- return ret;
- }
-
- /*
- * We can't use anon_inode_getfd() because we need to modify
- * the f_mode flags directly to allow more than just ioctls
- */
- ret = get_unused_fd_flags(O_CLOEXEC);
- if (ret < 0) {
- device->ops->release(device->device_data);
- vfio_device_put(device);
- return ret;
- }
-
- filep = anon_inode_getfile("[vfio-device]", &vfio_device_fops,
- device, O_RDWR);
- if (IS_ERR(filep)) {
- put_unused_fd(ret);
- ret = PTR_ERR(filep);
- device->ops->release(device->device_data);
- vfio_device_put(device);
- return ret;
- }
-
- /*
- * TODO: add an anon_inode interface to do this.
- * Appears to be missing by lack of need rather than
- * explicitly prevented. Now there's need.
- */
- filep->f_mode |= (FMODE_LSEEK | FMODE_PREAD | FMODE_PWRITE);
-
- atomic_inc(&group->container_users);
-
- fd_install(ret, filep);
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-static long vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
- long ret = -ENOTTY;
-
- switch (cmd) {
- case VFIO_GROUP_GET_STATUS:
- {
- struct vfio_group_status status;
- unsigned long minsz;
-
- minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_group_status, flags);
-
- if (copy_from_user(&status, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
- return -EFAULT;
-
- if (status.argsz < minsz)
- return -EINVAL;
-
- status.flags = 0;
-
- if (vfio_group_viable(group))
- status.flags |= VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_VIABLE;
-
- if (group->container)
- status.flags |= VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_CONTAINER_SET;
-
- if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &status, minsz))
- return -EFAULT;
-
- ret = 0;
- break;
- }
- case VFIO_GROUP_SET_CONTAINER:
- {
- int fd;
-
- if (get_user(fd, (int __user *)arg))
- return -EFAULT;
-
- if (fd < 0)
- return -EINVAL;
-
- ret = vfio_group_set_container(group, fd);
- break;
- }
- case VFIO_GROUP_UNSET_CONTAINER:
- ret = vfio_group_unset_container(group);
- break;
- case VFIO_GROUP_GET_DEVICE_FD:
- {
- char *buf;
-
- buf = strndup_user((const char __user *)arg, PAGE_SIZE);
- if (IS_ERR(buf))
- return PTR_ERR(buf);
-
- ret = vfio_group_get_device_fd(group, buf);
- kfree(buf);
- break;
- }
- }
-
- return ret;
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
-static long vfio_group_fops_compat_ioctl(struct file *filep,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
- arg = (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg);
- return vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl(filep, cmd, arg);
-}
-#endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
-
-static int vfio_group_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group;
- int opened;
-
- group = vfio_group_get_from_minor(iminor(inode));
- if (!group)
- return -ENODEV;
-
- /* Do we need multiple instances of the group open? Seems not. */
- opened = atomic_cmpxchg(&group->opened, 0, 1);
- if (opened) {
- vfio_group_put(group);
- return -EBUSY;
- }
-
- /* Is something still in use from a previous open? */
- if (group->container) {
- atomic_dec(&group->opened);
- vfio_group_put(group);
- return -EBUSY;
- }
-
- filep->private_data = group;
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static int vfio_group_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
-
- filep->private_data = NULL;
-
- vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
-
- atomic_dec(&group->opened);
-
- vfio_group_put(group);
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static const struct file_operations vfio_group_fops = {
- .owner = THIS_MODULE,
- .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl,
-#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
- .compat_ioctl = vfio_group_fops_compat_ioctl,
-#endif
- .open = vfio_group_fops_open,
- .release = vfio_group_fops_release,
-};
-
-/**
- * VFIO Device fd
- */
-static int vfio_device_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
-
- device->ops->release(device->device_data);
-
- vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(device->group);
-
- vfio_device_put(device);
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-static long vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
-
- if (unlikely(!device->ops->ioctl))
- return -EINVAL;
-
- return device->ops->ioctl(device->device_data, cmd, arg);
-}
-
-static ssize_t vfio_device_fops_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
- size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
-
- if (unlikely(!device->ops->read))
- return -EINVAL;
-
- return device->ops->read(device->device_data, buf, count, ppos);
-}
-
-static ssize_t vfio_device_fops_write(struct file *filep,
- const char __user *buf,
- size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
-
- if (unlikely(!device->ops->write))
- return -EINVAL;
-
- return device->ops->write(device->device_data, buf, count, ppos);
-}
-
-static int vfio_device_fops_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct
*vma)
-{
- struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
-
- if (unlikely(!device->ops->mmap))
- return -EINVAL;
-
- return device->ops->mmap(device->device_data, vma);
-}
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
-static long vfio_device_fops_compat_ioctl(struct file *filep,
- unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
-{
- arg = (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg);
- return vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl(filep, cmd, arg);
-}
-#endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
-
-static const struct file_operations vfio_device_fops = {
- .owner = THIS_MODULE,
- .release = vfio_device_fops_release,
- .read = vfio_device_fops_read,
- .write = vfio_device_fops_write,
- .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl,
-#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
- .compat_ioctl = vfio_device_fops_compat_ioctl,
-#endif
- .mmap = vfio_device_fops_mmap,
-};
-
-/**
- * External user API, exported by symbols to be linked dynamically.
- *
- * The protocol includes:
- * 1. do normal VFIO init operation:
- * - opening a new container;
- * - attaching group(s) to it;
- * - setting an IOMMU driver for a container.
- * When IOMMU is set for a container, all groups in it are
- * considered ready to use by an external user.
- *
- * 2. User space passes a group fd to an external user.
- * The external user calls vfio_group_get_external_user()
- * to verify that:
- * - the group is initialized;
- * - IOMMU is set for it.
- * If both checks passed, vfio_group_get_external_user()
- * increments the container user counter to prevent
- * the VFIO group from disposal before KVM exits.
- *
- * 3. The external user calls vfio_external_user_iommu_id()
- * to know an IOMMU ID.
- *
- * 4. When the external KVM finishes, it calls
- * vfio_group_put_external_user() to release the VFIO group.
- * This call decrements the container user counter.
- */
-struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_external_user(struct file *filep)
-{
- struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
-
- if (filep->f_op != &vfio_group_fops)
- return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-
- if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&group->container_users))
- return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-
- if (!group->container->iommu_driver ||
- !vfio_group_viable(group)) {
- atomic_dec(&group->container_users);
- return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
- }
-
- vfio_group_get(group);
-
- return group;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_get_external_user);
-
-void vfio_group_put_external_user(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- vfio_group_put(group);
- vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_put_external_user);
-
-int vfio_external_user_iommu_id(struct vfio_group *group)
-{
- return iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_user_iommu_id);
-
-long vfio_external_check_extension(struct vfio_group *group, unsigned long arg)
-{
- return vfio_ioctl_check_extension(group->container, arg);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_check_extension);
-
-/**
- * Module/class support
- */
-static char *vfio_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
-{
- return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "vfio/%s", dev_name(dev));
-}
-
-static struct miscdevice vfio_dev = {
- .minor = VFIO_MINOR,
- .name = "vfio",
- .fops = &vfio_fops,
- .nodename = "vfio/vfio",
- .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,
-};
-
-static int __init vfio_init(void)
-{
- int ret;
-
- idr_init(&vfio.group_idr);
- mutex_init(&vfio.group_lock);
- mutex_init(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
- INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vfio.group_list);
- INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vfio.iommu_drivers_list);
- init_waitqueue_head(&vfio.release_q);
-
- ret = misc_register(&vfio_dev);
- if (ret) {
- pr_err("vfio: misc device register failed\n");
- return ret;
- }
-
- /* /dev/vfio/$GROUP */
- vfio.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "vfio");
- if (IS_ERR(vfio.class)) {
- ret = PTR_ERR(vfio.class);
- goto err_class;
- }
-
- vfio.class->devnode = vfio_devnode;
-
- ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&vfio.group_devt, 0, MINORMASK, "vfio");
- if (ret)
- goto err_alloc_chrdev;
-
- cdev_init(&vfio.group_cdev, &vfio_group_fops);
- ret = cdev_add(&vfio.group_cdev, vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK);
- if (ret)
- goto err_cdev_add;
-
- pr_info(DRIVER_DESC " version: " DRIVER_VERSION "\n");
-
- /*
- * Attempt to load known iommu-drivers. This gives us a working
- * environment without the user needing to explicitly load iommu
- * drivers.
- */
- request_module_nowait("vfio_iommu_type1");
- request_module_nowait("vfio_iommu_spapr_tce");
-
- return 0;
-
-err_cdev_add:
- unregister_chrdev_region(vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK);
-err_alloc_chrdev:
- class_destroy(vfio.class);
- vfio.class = NULL;
-err_class:
- misc_deregister(&vfio_dev);
- return ret;
-}
-
-static void __exit vfio_cleanup(void)
-{
- WARN_ON(!list_empty(&vfio.group_list));
-
- idr_destroy(&vfio.group_idr);
- cdev_del(&vfio.group_cdev);
- unregister_chrdev_region(vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK);
- class_destroy(vfio.class);
- vfio.class = NULL;
- misc_deregister(&vfio_dev);
-}
-
-module_init(vfio_init);
-module_exit(vfio_cleanup);
-
-MODULE_VERSION(DRIVER_VERSION);
-MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
-MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
-MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
-MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(VFIO_MINOR);
-MODULE_ALIAS("devname:vfio/vfio");
diff --git a/drivers/vfio/vfio_core.c b/drivers/vfio/vfio_core.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..563c510
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/vfio/vfio_core.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1640 @@
+/*
+ * VFIO core
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2012 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Author: Alex Williamson <alex.william...@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * Derived from original vfio:
+ * Copyright 2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
+ * Author: Tom Lyon, p...@cisco.com
+ */
+
+#include <linux/cdev.h>
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/idr.h>
+#include <linux/iommu.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/rwsem.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/vfio.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+
+#define DRIVER_VERSION "0.3"
+#define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Alex Williamson <alex.william...@redhat.com>"
+#define DRIVER_DESC "VFIO - User Level meta-driver"
+
+static struct vfio {
+ struct class *class;
+ struct list_head iommu_drivers_list;
+ struct mutex iommu_drivers_lock;
+ struct list_head group_list;
+ struct idr group_idr;
+ struct mutex group_lock;
+ struct cdev group_cdev;
+ dev_t group_devt;
+ wait_queue_head_t release_q;
+} vfio;
+
+struct vfio_iommu_driver {
+ const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops;
+ struct list_head vfio_next;
+};
+
+struct vfio_container {
+ struct kref kref;
+ struct list_head group_list;
+ struct rw_semaphore group_lock;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *iommu_driver;
+ void *iommu_data;
+};
+
+struct vfio_unbound_dev {
+ struct device *dev;
+ struct list_head unbound_next;
+};
+
+struct vfio_group {
+ struct kref kref;
+ int minor;
+ atomic_t container_users;
+ struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
+ struct vfio_container *container;
+ struct list_head device_list;
+ struct mutex device_lock;
+ struct device *dev;
+ struct notifier_block nb;
+ struct list_head vfio_next;
+ struct list_head container_next;
+ struct list_head unbound_list;
+ struct mutex unbound_lock;
+ atomic_t opened;
+};
+
+struct vfio_device {
+ struct kref kref;
+ struct device *dev;
+ const struct vfio_device_ops *ops;
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+ struct list_head group_next;
+ void *device_data;
+};
+
+/**
+ * IOMMU driver registration
+ */
+int vfio_register_iommu_driver(const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops)
+{
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver, *tmp;
+
+ driver = kzalloc(sizeof(*driver), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!driver)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ driver->ops = ops;
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+
+ /* Check for duplicates */
+ list_for_each_entry(tmp, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
+ if (tmp->ops == ops) {
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ kfree(driver);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ list_add(&driver->vfio_next, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list);
+
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_register_iommu_driver);
+
+void vfio_unregister_iommu_driver(const struct vfio_iommu_driver_ops *ops)
+{
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
+ if (driver->ops == ops) {
+ list_del(&driver->vfio_next);
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ kfree(driver);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_unregister_iommu_driver);
+
+/**
+ * Group minor allocation/free - both called with vfio.group_lock held
+ */
+static int vfio_alloc_group_minor(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ return idr_alloc(&vfio.group_idr, group, 0, MINORMASK + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
+}
+
+static void vfio_free_group_minor(int minor)
+{
+ idr_remove(&vfio.group_idr, minor);
+}
+
+static int vfio_iommu_group_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
+ unsigned long action, void *data);
+static void vfio_group_get(struct vfio_group *group);
+
+/**
+ * Container objects - containers are created when /dev/vfio/vfio is
+ * opened, but their lifecycle extends until the last user is done, so
+ * it's freed via kref. Must support container/group/device being
+ * closed in any order.
+ */
+static void vfio_container_get(struct vfio_container *container)
+{
+ kref_get(&container->kref);
+}
+
+static void vfio_container_release(struct kref *kref)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container;
+ container = container_of(kref, struct vfio_container, kref);
+
+ kfree(container);
+}
+
+static void vfio_container_put(struct vfio_container *container)
+{
+ kref_put(&container->kref, vfio_container_release);
+}
+
+static void vfio_group_unlock_and_free(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ /*
+ * Unregister outside of lock. A spurious callback is harmless now
+ * that the group is no longer in vfio.group_list.
+ */
+ iommu_group_unregister_notifier(group->iommu_group, &group->nb);
+ kfree(group);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Group objects - create, release, get, put, search
+ */
+static struct vfio_group *vfio_create_group(struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group, *tmp;
+ struct device *dev;
+ int ret, minor;
+
+ group = kzalloc(sizeof(*group), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!group)
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+ kref_init(&group->kref);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&group->device_list);
+ mutex_init(&group->device_lock);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&group->unbound_list);
+ mutex_init(&group->unbound_lock);
+ atomic_set(&group->container_users, 0);
+ atomic_set(&group->opened, 0);
+ group->iommu_group = iommu_group;
+
+ group->nb.notifier_call = vfio_iommu_group_notifier;
+
+ /*
+ * blocking notifiers acquire a rwsem around registering and hold
+ * it around callback. Therefore, need to register outside of
+ * vfio.group_lock to avoid A-B/B-A contention. Our callback won't
+ * do anything unless it can find the group in vfio.group_list, so
+ * no harm in registering early.
+ */
+ ret = iommu_group_register_notifier(iommu_group, &group->nb);
+ if (ret) {
+ kfree(group);
+ return ERR_PTR(ret);
+ }
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
+
+ /* Did we race creating this group? */
+ list_for_each_entry(tmp, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
+ if (tmp->iommu_group == iommu_group) {
+ vfio_group_get(tmp);
+ vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
+ return tmp;
+ }
+ }
+
+ minor = vfio_alloc_group_minor(group);
+ if (minor < 0) {
+ vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
+ return ERR_PTR(minor);
+ }
+
+ dev = device_create(vfio.class, NULL,
+ MKDEV(MAJOR(vfio.group_devt), minor),
+ group, "%d", iommu_group_id(iommu_group));
+ if (IS_ERR(dev)) {
+ vfio_free_group_minor(minor);
+ vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
+ return (struct vfio_group *)dev; /* ERR_PTR */
+ }
+
+ group->minor = minor;
+ group->dev = dev;
+
+ list_add(&group->vfio_next, &vfio.group_list);
+
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+
+ return group;
+}
+
+/* called with vfio.group_lock held */
+static void vfio_group_release(struct kref *kref)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = container_of(kref, struct vfio_group, kref);
+ struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound, *tmp;
+ struct iommu_group *iommu_group = group->iommu_group;
+
+ WARN_ON(!list_empty(&group->device_list));
+
+ list_for_each_entry_safe(unbound, tmp,
+ &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
+ list_del(&unbound->unbound_next);
+ kfree(unbound);
+ }
+
+ device_destroy(vfio.class, MKDEV(MAJOR(vfio.group_devt), group->minor));
+ list_del(&group->vfio_next);
+ vfio_free_group_minor(group->minor);
+ vfio_group_unlock_and_free(group);
+ iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
+}
+
+static void vfio_group_put(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ kref_put_mutex(&group->kref, vfio_group_release, &vfio.group_lock);
+}
+
+/* Assume group_lock or group reference is held */
+static void vfio_group_get(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ kref_get(&group->kref);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Not really a try as we will sleep for mutex, but we need to make
+ * sure the group pointer is valid under lock and get a reference.
+ */
+static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_try_get(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *target = group;
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(group, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
+ if (group == target) {
+ vfio_group_get(group);
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ return group;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+static
+struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_iommu(struct iommu_group *iommu_group)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(group, &vfio.group_list, vfio_next) {
+ if (group->iommu_group == iommu_group) {
+ vfio_group_get(group);
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ return group;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_from_minor(int minor)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ group = idr_find(&vfio.group_idr, minor);
+ if (!group) {
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ vfio_group_get(group);
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.group_lock);
+
+ return group;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Device objects - create, release, get, put, search
+ */
+static
+struct vfio_device *vfio_group_create_device(struct vfio_group *group,
+ struct device *dev,
+ const struct vfio_device_ops *ops,
+ void *device_data)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ device = kzalloc(sizeof(*device), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!device)
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+ kref_init(&device->kref);
+ device->dev = dev;
+ device->group = group;
+ device->ops = ops;
+ device->device_data = device_data;
+ dev_set_drvdata(dev, device);
+
+ /* No need to get group_lock, caller has group reference */
+ vfio_group_get(group);
+
+ mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
+ list_add(&device->group_next, &group->device_list);
+ mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
+
+ return device;
+}
+
+static void vfio_device_release(struct kref *kref)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = container_of(kref,
+ struct vfio_device, kref);
+ struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
+
+ list_del(&device->group_next);
+ mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
+
+ dev_set_drvdata(device->dev, NULL);
+
+ kfree(device);
+
+ /* vfio_del_group_dev may be waiting for this device */
+ wake_up(&vfio.release_q);
+}
+
+/* Device reference always implies a group reference */
+void vfio_device_put(struct vfio_device *device)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
+ kref_put_mutex(&device->kref, vfio_device_release, &group->device_lock);
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_put);
+
+static void vfio_device_get(struct vfio_device *device)
+{
+ vfio_group_get(device->group);
+ kref_get(&device->kref);
+}
+
+static struct vfio_device *vfio_group_get_device(struct vfio_group *group,
+ struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(device, &group->device_list, group_next) {
+ if (device->dev == dev) {
+ vfio_device_get(device);
+ mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
+ return device;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Whitelist some drivers that we know are safe (no dma) or just sit on
+ * a device. It's not always practical to leave a device within a group
+ * driverless as it could get re-bound to something unsafe.
+ */
+static const char * const vfio_driver_whitelist[] = { "pci-stub", "pcieport" };
+
+static bool vfio_whitelisted_driver(struct device_driver *drv)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vfio_driver_whitelist); i++) {
+ if (!strcmp(drv->name, vfio_driver_whitelist[i]))
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A vfio group is viable for use by userspace if all devices are in
+ * one of the following states:
+ * - driver-less
+ * - bound to a vfio driver
+ * - bound to a whitelisted driver
+ *
+ * We use two methods to determine whether a device is bound to a vfio
+ * driver. The first is to test whether the device exists in the vfio
+ * group. The second is to test if the device exists on the group
+ * unbound_list, indicating it's in the middle of transitioning from
+ * a vfio driver to driver-less.
+ */
+static int vfio_dev_viable(struct device *dev, void *data)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = data;
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+ struct device_driver *drv = ACCESS_ONCE(dev->driver);
+ struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
+ int ret = -EINVAL;
+
+ mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(unbound, &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
+ if (dev == unbound->dev) {
+ ret = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
+
+ if (!ret || !drv || vfio_whitelisted_driver(drv))
+ return 0;
+
+ device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
+ if (device) {
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Async device support
+ */
+static int vfio_group_nb_add_dev(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ /* Do we already know about it? We shouldn't */
+ device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(device)) {
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Nothing to do for idle groups */
+ if (!atomic_read(&group->container_users))
+ return 0;
+
+ /* TODO Prevent device auto probing */
+ WARN("Device %s added to live group %d!\n", dev_name(dev),
+ iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int vfio_group_nb_verify(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
+{
+ /* We don't care what happens when the group isn't in use */
+ if (!atomic_read(&group->container_users))
+ return 0;
+
+ return vfio_dev_viable(dev, group);
+}
+
+static int vfio_iommu_group_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb,
+ unsigned long action, void *data)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = container_of(nb, struct vfio_group, nb);
+ struct device *dev = data;
+ struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
+
+ /*
+ * Need to go through a group_lock lookup to get a reference or we
+ * risk racing a group being removed. Ignore spurious notifies.
+ */
+ group = vfio_group_try_get(group);
+ if (!group)
+ return NOTIFY_OK;
+
+ switch (action) {
+ case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE:
+ vfio_group_nb_add_dev(group, dev);
+ break;
+ case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_DEL_DEVICE:
+ /*
+ * Nothing to do here. If the device is in use, then the
+ * vfio sub-driver should block the remove callback until
+ * it is unused. If the device is unused or attached to a
+ * stub driver, then it should be released and we don't
+ * care that it will be going away.
+ */
+ break;
+ case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER:
+ pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d binding to driver\n",
+ __func__, dev_name(dev),
+ iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
+ break;
+ case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER:
+ pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d bound to driver %s\n",
+ __func__, dev_name(dev),
+ iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group), dev->driver->name);
+ BUG_ON(vfio_group_nb_verify(group, dev));
+ break;
+ case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER:
+ pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d unbinding from driver %s\n",
+ __func__, dev_name(dev),
+ iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group), dev->driver->name);
+ break;
+ case IOMMU_GROUP_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER:
+ pr_debug("%s: Device %s, group %d unbound from driver\n",
+ __func__, dev_name(dev),
+ iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group));
+ /*
+ * XXX An unbound device in a live group is ok, but we'd
+ * really like to avoid the above BUG_ON by preventing other
+ * drivers from binding to it. Once that occurs, we have to
+ * stop the system to maintain isolation. At a minimum, we'd
+ * want a toggle to disable driver auto probe for this device.
+ */
+
+ mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(unbound,
+ &group->unbound_list, unbound_next) {
+ if (dev == unbound->dev) {
+ list_del(&unbound->unbound_next);
+ kfree(unbound);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+ return NOTIFY_OK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * VFIO driver API
+ */
+int vfio_add_group_dev(struct device *dev,
+ const struct vfio_device_ops *ops, void *device_data)
+{
+ struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ iommu_group = iommu_group_get(dev);
+ if (!iommu_group)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ group = vfio_group_get_from_iommu(iommu_group);
+ if (!group) {
+ group = vfio_create_group(iommu_group);
+ if (IS_ERR(group)) {
+ iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
+ return PTR_ERR(group);
+ }
+ } else {
+ /*
+ * A found vfio_group already holds a reference to the
+ * iommu_group. A created vfio_group keeps the reference.
+ */
+ iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
+ }
+
+ device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
+ if (device) {
+ WARN(1, "Device %s already exists on group %d\n",
+ dev_name(dev), iommu_group_id(iommu_group));
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+ return -EBUSY;
+ }
+
+ device = vfio_group_create_device(group, dev, ops, device_data);
+ if (IS_ERR(device)) {
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+ return PTR_ERR(device);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Drop all but the vfio_device reference. The vfio_device holds
+ * a reference to the vfio_group, which holds a reference to the
+ * iommu_group.
+ */
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_add_group_dev);
+
+/**
+ * Get a reference to the vfio_device for a device. Even if the
+ * caller thinks they own the device, they could be racing with a
+ * release call path, so we can't trust drvdata for the shortcut.
+ * Go the long way around, from the iommu_group to the vfio_group
+ * to the vfio_device.
+ */
+struct vfio_device *vfio_device_get_from_dev(struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct iommu_group *iommu_group;
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ iommu_group = iommu_group_get(dev);
+ if (!iommu_group)
+ return NULL;
+
+ group = vfio_group_get_from_iommu(iommu_group);
+ iommu_group_put(iommu_group);
+ if (!group)
+ return NULL;
+
+ device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+
+ return device;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_get_from_dev);
+
+static struct vfio_device *vfio_device_get_from_name(struct vfio_group *group,
+ char *buf)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ mutex_lock(&group->device_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(device, &group->device_list, group_next) {
+ if (!strcmp(dev_name(device->dev), buf)) {
+ vfio_device_get(device);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&group->device_lock);
+
+ return device;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Caller must hold a reference to the vfio_device
+ */
+void *vfio_device_data(struct vfio_device *device)
+{
+ return device->device_data;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_device_data);
+
+/* Given a referenced group, check if it contains the device */
+static bool vfio_dev_present(struct vfio_group *group, struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+
+ device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
+ if (!device)
+ return false;
+
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decrement the device reference count and wait for the device to be
+ * removed. Open file descriptors for the device... */
+void *vfio_del_group_dev(struct device *dev)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+ struct vfio_group *group = device->group;
+ void *device_data = device->device_data;
+ struct vfio_unbound_dev *unbound;
+ unsigned int i = 0;
+ long ret;
+ bool interrupted = false;
+
+ /*
+ * The group exists so long as we have a device reference. Get
+ * a group reference and use it to scan for the device going away.
+ */
+ vfio_group_get(group);
+
+ /*
+ * When the device is removed from the group, the group suddenly
+ * becomes non-viable; the device has a driver (until the unbind
+ * completes), but it's not present in the group. This is bad news
+ * for any external users that need to re-acquire a group reference
+ * in order to match and release their existing reference. To
+ * solve this, we track such devices on the unbound_list to bridge
+ * the gap until they're fully unbound.
+ */
+ unbound = kzalloc(sizeof(*unbound), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (unbound) {
+ unbound->dev = dev;
+ mutex_lock(&group->unbound_lock);
+ list_add(&unbound->unbound_next, &group->unbound_list);
+ mutex_unlock(&group->unbound_lock);
+ }
+ WARN_ON(!unbound);
+
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+
+ /*
+ * If the device is still present in the group after the above
+ * 'put', then it is in use and we need to request it from the
+ * bus driver. The driver may in turn need to request the
+ * device from the user. We send the request on an arbitrary
+ * interval with counter to allow the driver to take escalating
+ * measures to release the device if it has the ability to do so.
+ */
+ do {
+ device = vfio_group_get_device(group, dev);
+ if (!device)
+ break;
+
+ if (device->ops->request)
+ device->ops->request(device_data, i++);
+
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+
+ if (interrupted) {
+ ret = wait_event_timeout(vfio.release_q,
+ !vfio_dev_present(group, dev), HZ * 10);
+ } else {
+ ret = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(vfio.release_q,
+ !vfio_dev_present(group, dev), HZ * 10);
+ if (ret == -ERESTARTSYS) {
+ interrupted = true;
+ dev_warn(dev,
+ "Device is currently in use, task"
+ " \"%s\" (%d) "
+ "blocked until device is released",
+ current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
+ }
+ }
+ } while (ret <= 0);
+
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+
+ return device_data;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_del_group_dev);
+
+/**
+ * VFIO base fd, /dev/vfio/vfio
+ */
+static long vfio_ioctl_check_extension(struct vfio_container *container,
+ unsigned long arg)
+{
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ long ret = 0;
+
+ down_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+
+ switch (arg) {
+ /* No base extensions yet */
+ default:
+ /*
+ * If no driver is set, poll all registered drivers for
+ * extensions and return the first positive result. If
+ * a driver is already set, further queries will be passed
+ * only to that driver.
+ */
+ if (!driver) {
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list,
+ vfio_next) {
+ if (!try_module_get(driver->ops->owner))
+ continue;
+
+ ret = driver->ops->ioctl(NULL,
+ VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION,
+ arg);
+ module_put(driver->ops->owner);
+ if (ret > 0)
+ break;
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ } else
+ ret = driver->ops->ioctl(container->iommu_data,
+ VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, arg);
+ }
+
+ up_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/* hold write lock on container->group_lock */
+static int __vfio_container_attach_groups(struct vfio_container *container,
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver,
+ void *data)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+ int ret = -ENODEV;
+
+ list_for_each_entry(group, &container->group_list, container_next) {
+ ret = driver->ops->attach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
+ if (ret)
+ goto unwind;
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+
+unwind:
+ list_for_each_entry_continue_reverse(group, &container->group_list,
+ container_next) {
+ driver->ops->detach_group(data, group->iommu_group);
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static long vfio_ioctl_set_iommu(struct vfio_container *container,
+ unsigned long arg)
+{
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ long ret = -ENODEV;
+
+ down_write(&container->group_lock);
+
+ /*
+ * The container is designed to be an unprivileged interface while
+ * the group can be assigned to specific users. Therefore, only by
+ * adding a group to a container does the user get the privilege of
+ * enabling the iommu, which may allocate finite resources. There
+ * is no unset_iommu, but by removing all the groups from a container,
+ * the container is deprivileged and returns to an unset state.
+ */
+ if (list_empty(&container->group_list) || container->iommu_driver) {
+ up_write(&container->group_lock);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ mutex_lock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ list_for_each_entry(driver, &vfio.iommu_drivers_list, vfio_next) {
+ void *data;
+
+ if (!try_module_get(driver->ops->owner))
+ continue;
+
+ /*
+ * The arg magic for SET_IOMMU is the same as CHECK_EXTENSION,
+ * so test which iommu driver reported support for this
+ * extension and call open on them. We also pass them the
+ * magic, allowing a single driver to support multiple
+ * interfaces if they'd like.
+ */
+ if (driver->ops->ioctl(NULL, VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, arg) <= 0) {
+ module_put(driver->ops->owner);
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ /* module reference holds the driver we're working on */
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+
+ data = driver->ops->open(arg);
+ if (IS_ERR(data)) {
+ ret = PTR_ERR(data);
+ module_put(driver->ops->owner);
+ goto skip_drivers_unlock;
+ }
+
+ ret = __vfio_container_attach_groups(container, driver, data);
+ if (!ret) {
+ container->iommu_driver = driver;
+ container->iommu_data = data;
+ } else {
+ driver->ops->release(data);
+ module_put(driver->ops->owner);
+ }
+
+ goto skip_drivers_unlock;
+ }
+
+ mutex_unlock(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+skip_drivers_unlock:
+ up_write(&container->group_lock);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static long vfio_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
+ unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ void *data;
+ long ret = -EINVAL;
+
+ if (!container)
+ return ret;
+
+ switch (cmd) {
+ case VFIO_GET_API_VERSION:
+ ret = VFIO_API_VERSION;
+ break;
+ case VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION:
+ ret = vfio_ioctl_check_extension(container, arg);
+ break;
+ case VFIO_SET_IOMMU:
+ ret = vfio_ioctl_set_iommu(container, arg);
+ break;
+ default:
+ down_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+ data = container->iommu_data;
+
+ if (driver) /* passthrough all unrecognized ioctls */
+ ret = driver->ops->ioctl(data, cmd, arg);
+
+ up_read(&container->group_lock);
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+static long vfio_fops_compat_ioctl(struct file *filep,
+ unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ arg = (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg);
+ return vfio_fops_unl_ioctl(filep, cmd, arg);
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
+
+static int vfio_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container;
+
+ container = kzalloc(sizeof(*container), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!container)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&container->group_list);
+ init_rwsem(&container->group_lock);
+ kref_init(&container->kref);
+
+ filep->private_data = container;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int vfio_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
+
+ filep->private_data = NULL;
+
+ vfio_container_put(container);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Once an iommu driver is set, we optionally pass read/write/mmap
+ * on to the driver, allowing management interfaces beyond ioctl.
+ */
+static ssize_t vfio_fops_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
+
+ down_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+ if (likely(driver && driver->ops->read))
+ ret = driver->ops->read(container->iommu_data,
+ buf, count, ppos);
+
+ up_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t vfio_fops_write(struct file *filep, const char __user *buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
+
+ down_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+ if (likely(driver && driver->ops->write))
+ ret = driver->ops->write(container->iommu_data,
+ buf, count, ppos);
+
+ up_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int vfio_fops_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container = filep->private_data;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ int ret = -EINVAL;
+
+ down_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+ if (likely(driver && driver->ops->mmap))
+ ret = driver->ops->mmap(container->iommu_data, vma);
+
+ up_read(&container->group_lock);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations vfio_fops = {
+ .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+ .open = vfio_fops_open,
+ .release = vfio_fops_release,
+ .read = vfio_fops_read,
+ .write = vfio_fops_write,
+ .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_fops_unl_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+ .compat_ioctl = vfio_fops_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+ .mmap = vfio_fops_mmap,
+};
+
+/**
+ * VFIO Group fd, /dev/vfio/$GROUP
+ */
+static void __vfio_group_unset_container(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ struct vfio_container *container = group->container;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+
+ down_write(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+ if (driver)
+ driver->ops->detach_group(container->iommu_data,
+ group->iommu_group);
+
+ group->container = NULL;
+ list_del(&group->container_next);
+
+ /* Detaching the last group deprivileges a container, remove iommu */
+ if (driver && list_empty(&container->group_list)) {
+ driver->ops->release(container->iommu_data);
+ module_put(driver->ops->owner);
+ container->iommu_driver = NULL;
+ container->iommu_data = NULL;
+ }
+
+ up_write(&container->group_lock);
+
+ vfio_container_put(container);
+}
+
+/*
+ * VFIO_GROUP_UNSET_CONTAINER should fail if there are other users or
+ * if there was no container to unset. Since the ioctl is called on
+ * the group, we know that still exists, therefore the only valid
+ * transition here is 1->0.
+ */
+static int vfio_group_unset_container(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ int users = atomic_cmpxchg(&group->container_users, 1, 0);
+
+ if (!users)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ if (users != 1)
+ return -EBUSY;
+
+ __vfio_group_unset_container(group);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When removing container users, anything that removes the last user
+ * implicitly removes the group from the container. That is, if the
+ * group file descriptor is closed, as well as any device file descriptors,
+ * the group is free.
+ */
+static void vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ if (0 == atomic_dec_if_positive(&group->container_users))
+ __vfio_group_unset_container(group);
+}
+
+static int vfio_group_set_container(struct vfio_group *group, int container_fd)
+{
+ struct fd f;
+ struct vfio_container *container;
+ struct vfio_iommu_driver *driver;
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ if (atomic_read(&group->container_users))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ f = fdget(container_fd);
+ if (!f.file)
+ return -EBADF;
+
+ /* Sanity check, is this really our fd? */
+ if (f.file->f_op != &vfio_fops) {
+ fdput(f);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ container = f.file->private_data;
+ WARN_ON(!container); /* fget ensures we don't race vfio_release */
+
+ down_write(&container->group_lock);
+
+ driver = container->iommu_driver;
+ if (driver) {
+ ret = driver->ops->attach_group(container->iommu_data,
+ group->iommu_group);
+ if (ret)
+ goto unlock_out;
+ }
+
+ group->container = container;
+ list_add(&group->container_next, &container->group_list);
+
+ /* Get a reference on the container and mark a user within the group */
+ vfio_container_get(container);
+ atomic_inc(&group->container_users);
+
+unlock_out:
+ up_write(&container->group_lock);
+ fdput(f);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static bool vfio_group_viable(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ return (iommu_group_for_each_dev(group->iommu_group,
+ group, vfio_dev_viable) == 0);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations vfio_device_fops;
+
+static int vfio_group_get_device_fd(struct vfio_group *group, char *buf)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device;
+ struct file *filep;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (0 == atomic_read(&group->container_users) ||
+ !group->container->iommu_driver || !vfio_group_viable(group))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ device = vfio_device_get_from_name(group, buf);
+ if (!device)
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ ret = device->ops->open(device->device_data);
+ if (ret) {
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * We can't use anon_inode_getfd() because we need to modify
+ * the f_mode flags directly to allow more than just ioctls
+ */
+ ret = get_unused_fd_flags(O_CLOEXEC);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ device->ops->release(device->device_data);
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ filep = anon_inode_getfile("[vfio-device]", &vfio_device_fops,
+ device, O_RDWR);
+ if (IS_ERR(filep)) {
+ put_unused_fd(ret);
+ ret = PTR_ERR(filep);
+ device->ops->release(device->device_data);
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * TODO: add an anon_inode interface to do this.
+ * Appears to be missing by lack of need rather than
+ * explicitly prevented. Now there's need.
+ */
+ filep->f_mode |= (FMODE_LSEEK | FMODE_PREAD | FMODE_PWRITE);
+
+ atomic_inc(&group->container_users);
+
+ fd_install(ret, filep);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static long vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
+ unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
+ long ret = -ENOTTY;
+
+ switch (cmd) {
+ case VFIO_GROUP_GET_STATUS:
+ {
+ struct vfio_group_status status;
+ unsigned long minsz;
+
+ minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_group_status, flags);
+
+ if (copy_from_user(&status, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ if (status.argsz < minsz)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ status.flags = 0;
+
+ if (vfio_group_viable(group))
+ status.flags |= VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_VIABLE;
+
+ if (group->container)
+ status.flags |= VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_CONTAINER_SET;
+
+ if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &status, minsz))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ ret = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VFIO_GROUP_SET_CONTAINER:
+ {
+ int fd;
+
+ if (get_user(fd, (int __user *)arg))
+ return -EFAULT;
+
+ if (fd < 0)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ ret = vfio_group_set_container(group, fd);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VFIO_GROUP_UNSET_CONTAINER:
+ ret = vfio_group_unset_container(group);
+ break;
+ case VFIO_GROUP_GET_DEVICE_FD:
+ {
+ char *buf;
+
+ buf = strndup_user((const char __user *)arg, PAGE_SIZE);
+ if (IS_ERR(buf))
+ return PTR_ERR(buf);
+
+ ret = vfio_group_get_device_fd(group, buf);
+ kfree(buf);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+static long vfio_group_fops_compat_ioctl(struct file *filep,
+ unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ arg = (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg);
+ return vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl(filep, cmd, arg);
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
+
+static int vfio_group_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group;
+ int opened;
+
+ group = vfio_group_get_from_minor(iminor(inode));
+ if (!group)
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ /* Do we need multiple instances of the group open? Seems not. */
+ opened = atomic_cmpxchg(&group->opened, 0, 1);
+ if (opened) {
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+ return -EBUSY;
+ }
+
+ /* Is something still in use from a previous open? */
+ if (group->container) {
+ atomic_dec(&group->opened);
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+ return -EBUSY;
+ }
+
+ filep->private_data = group;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int vfio_group_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
+
+ filep->private_data = NULL;
+
+ vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
+
+ atomic_dec(&group->opened);
+
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations vfio_group_fops = {
+ .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+ .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_group_fops_unl_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+ .compat_ioctl = vfio_group_fops_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+ .open = vfio_group_fops_open,
+ .release = vfio_group_fops_release,
+};
+
+/**
+ * VFIO Device fd
+ */
+static int vfio_device_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filep)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
+
+ device->ops->release(device->device_data);
+
+ vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(device->group);
+
+ vfio_device_put(device);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static long vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl(struct file *filep,
+ unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
+
+ if (unlikely(!device->ops->ioctl))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ return device->ops->ioctl(device->device_data, cmd, arg);
+}
+
+static ssize_t vfio_device_fops_read(struct file *filep, char __user *buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
+
+ if (unlikely(!device->ops->read))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ return device->ops->read(device->device_data, buf, count, ppos);
+}
+
+static ssize_t vfio_device_fops_write(struct file *filep,
+ const char __user *buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
+
+ if (unlikely(!device->ops->write))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ return device->ops->write(device->device_data, buf, count, ppos);
+}
+
+static int vfio_device_fops_mmap(struct file *filep, struct vm_area_struct
*vma)
+{
+ struct vfio_device *device = filep->private_data;
+
+ if (unlikely(!device->ops->mmap))
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ return device->ops->mmap(device->device_data, vma);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+static long vfio_device_fops_compat_ioctl(struct file *filep,
+ unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ arg = (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg);
+ return vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl(filep, cmd, arg);
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
+
+static const struct file_operations vfio_device_fops = {
+ .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+ .release = vfio_device_fops_release,
+ .read = vfio_device_fops_read,
+ .write = vfio_device_fops_write,
+ .unlocked_ioctl = vfio_device_fops_unl_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+ .compat_ioctl = vfio_device_fops_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+ .mmap = vfio_device_fops_mmap,
+};
+
+/**
+ * External user API, exported by symbols to be linked dynamically.
+ *
+ * The protocol includes:
+ * 1. do normal VFIO init operation:
+ * - opening a new container;
+ * - attaching group(s) to it;
+ * - setting an IOMMU driver for a container.
+ * When IOMMU is set for a container, all groups in it are
+ * considered ready to use by an external user.
+ *
+ * 2. User space passes a group fd to an external user.
+ * The external user calls vfio_group_get_external_user()
+ * to verify that:
+ * - the group is initialized;
+ * - IOMMU is set for it.
+ * If both checks passed, vfio_group_get_external_user()
+ * increments the container user counter to prevent
+ * the VFIO group from disposal before KVM exits.
+ *
+ * 3. The external user calls vfio_external_user_iommu_id()
+ * to know an IOMMU ID.
+ *
+ * 4. When the external KVM finishes, it calls
+ * vfio_group_put_external_user() to release the VFIO group.
+ * This call decrements the container user counter.
+ */
+struct vfio_group *vfio_group_get_external_user(struct file *filep)
+{
+ struct vfio_group *group = filep->private_data;
+
+ if (filep->f_op != &vfio_group_fops)
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+ if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&group->container_users))
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+ if (!group->container->iommu_driver ||
+ !vfio_group_viable(group)) {
+ atomic_dec(&group->container_users);
+ return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+ }
+
+ vfio_group_get(group);
+
+ return group;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_get_external_user);
+
+void vfio_group_put_external_user(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ vfio_group_put(group);
+ vfio_group_try_dissolve_container(group);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_group_put_external_user);
+
+int vfio_external_user_iommu_id(struct vfio_group *group)
+{
+ return iommu_group_id(group->iommu_group);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_user_iommu_id);
+
+long vfio_external_check_extension(struct vfio_group *group, unsigned long arg)
+{
+ return vfio_ioctl_check_extension(group->container, arg);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vfio_external_check_extension);
+
+/**
+ * Module/class support
+ */
+static char *vfio_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
+{
+ return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "vfio/%s", dev_name(dev));
+}
+
+static struct miscdevice vfio_dev = {
+ .minor = VFIO_MINOR,
+ .name = "vfio",
+ .fops = &vfio_fops,
+ .nodename = "vfio/vfio",
+ .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,
+};
+
+static int __init vfio_init(void)
+{
+ int ret;
+
+ idr_init(&vfio.group_idr);
+ mutex_init(&vfio.group_lock);
+ mutex_init(&vfio.iommu_drivers_lock);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vfio.group_list);
+ INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vfio.iommu_drivers_list);
+ init_waitqueue_head(&vfio.release_q);
+
+ ret = misc_register(&vfio_dev);
+ if (ret) {
+ pr_err("vfio: misc device register failed\n");
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ /* /dev/vfio/$GROUP */
+ vfio.class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "vfio");
+ if (IS_ERR(vfio.class)) {
+ ret = PTR_ERR(vfio.class);
+ goto err_class;
+ }
+
+ vfio.class->devnode = vfio_devnode;
+
+ ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&vfio.group_devt, 0, MINORMASK, "vfio");
+ if (ret)
+ goto err_alloc_chrdev;
+
+ cdev_init(&vfio.group_cdev, &vfio_group_fops);
+ ret = cdev_add(&vfio.group_cdev, vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK);
+ if (ret)
+ goto err_cdev_add;
+
+ pr_info(DRIVER_DESC " version: " DRIVER_VERSION "\n");
+
+ /*
+ * Attempt to load known iommu-drivers. This gives us a working
+ * environment without the user needing to explicitly load iommu
+ * drivers.
+ */
+ request_module_nowait("vfio_iommu_type1");
+ request_module_nowait("vfio_iommu_spapr_tce");
+
+ return 0;
+
+err_cdev_add:
+ unregister_chrdev_region(vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK);
+err_alloc_chrdev:
+ class_destroy(vfio.class);
+ vfio.class = NULL;
+err_class:
+ misc_deregister(&vfio_dev);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static void __exit vfio_cleanup(void)
+{
+ WARN_ON(!list_empty(&vfio.group_list));
+
+ idr_destroy(&vfio.group_idr);
+ cdev_del(&vfio.group_cdev);
+ unregister_chrdev_region(vfio.group_devt, MINORMASK);
+ class_destroy(vfio.class);
+ vfio.class = NULL;
+ misc_deregister(&vfio_dev);
+}
+
+module_init(vfio_init);
+module_exit(vfio_cleanup);
+
+MODULE_VERSION(DRIVER_VERSION);
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
+MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
+MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(VFIO_MINOR);
+MODULE_ALIAS("devname:vfio/vfio");
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