this topic may be discussed before, but i'd bring it up again.
closure was introduced in PHP 5.3, function with its context can now
be stored in an callable object(or a handler in string type, whatever)
i think it's easy and read to introduce generator and yield operator
in php
let's see what was in Iterator:
1. every class/interface can be prototyped in php userland, not
internal, although many of the them was builtin written in c so make
life easier
pro: "simple" to implement in ZendEngine, see note 2 aboive
con: really ugly to code Iterator/Filter in userland, hard to
understand how they worked, code has to be split in rewind/next
functions
2. no changes is required in ZendEngine, except powering up "foreach"
to support iterator, so ppl can iterate over it much more easier.
pro: "simple" to implement in ZendEngine, see note 2 aboive
con: -
let's see what will yeild/generator looks like:
1. require saving function calling context (not call stack)
con(was): there was no way to save it, we had to implement it first
con(now): no con, implemented already in 5.3
2. just 1 function, yield at any where in the body
pro: much more readable than Iterator
con: "yield" is now reserved keyword
example:
function foo($space_and_new_line = false)
{
yield "hello";
if ($space_and_new_line) {
yield " ";
}
yield "world";
if ($space_and_new_line) {
yield PHP_EOL;
}
}
$g = foo(true); // function foo() is not called here
foreach ($g as $i) { // function foo() IS called here
echo $i;
}
function filter($g, $regex)
{
foreach ($g as $baa) {
if (preg_match($regex, $i)) {
return true;
} // if
} // foreach
}
$g = foo(true);
foreach (filter($g, "^\\w+$") as $i) {
echo $i; // now letters only
}
$g = foo(true);
echo $g(); // same as: echo $g->value(); $g->next(); this is not in
python, neither in php iterator
echo $g();
echo $g();
(btw, i think iterator should be able to be used in this way)
I don't think you can reimplement it into Iterator in any simpler
form, except that you can reuse those classes already implemented.
is it perl way? no. because yield/generator make code much more
readable, easier to understood, not just "easier" to write, it's the
php way
==========
for those who don't know what yield/generator is, you can see python
document or the following brief (correct me if i'm wrong)
. functions (named or unamed/closure) with yield in its body, is a
generator function that with context saved, not a normal. it's similar
as closure context but with "yield point" saved
. when you call a generator function, it returns an generator object
. the interface to generator object is exactly like Iterator
interface, that can be design to have rewind/next/valid methods, etc
. generator is an OuterIterator
. you can call $generator->next() (and other methods) explicitly, or
call foreach which call iterator/generator methods implictly
. the only difference between iterator and generator is how they
implement it inside. when php execute "yield", the generator is
execution is returned but its execution context is saved, next time
the generator is iterated, php execute from the last yield point with
all context restored.
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