> Real code I wrote a week ago (specifically, for a series of events in a 
> domain model):
>
> https://gist.github.com/Crell/f5929e2ee44decd4e9353c41874f26c8
>
> Two different interfaces, that I want to be able to check against, but their 
> implementations are trivial.  One of them is used in 2 classes, the other in 
> 3.  A base class simply wouldn't work, both because it's semantically 
> incorrect (these events are not all "special cases of" some common 
> definition, that's not the data model), and because then I couldn't have the 
> class that uses only one of them.  Traits, for now, are the best solution, 
> and this is an approach that gets taken a lot.

Ah, I see. I would have simply created an ErrorResponseCarrier class,
then had PreRouting and PostRouting extend them and implement whatever
other interfaces they needed.

IMHO, using a shared base class reflects the inheritance better
because they are siblings (at least these appear to be logical
siblings out of context, IMHO) and should look like siblings in a
class diagram. Their current dis-jointed-ness strikes me as odd and
the usage of traits in this way strikes me as an anti-pattern. But I
came from a PHP world where traits were nearly forbidden or used very
sparingly.

> As for it being "back door multi-inheritance", well, Java, Kotlin, and Rust 
> all do essentially that now.  So we're hardly breaking new ground, 
> design-wise.  If anything, it's playing catch up on data modeling 
> capabilities, an area where PHP is still sadly very much lacking.

There's a reason I don't use those languages :p but in all
seriousness, I get what you're saying.

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