Many thanks to Valerie and Hans Henrich for kindly supplying these references.

Best,
Howard

> On Sep 7, 2022, at 2:32 AM, Valerie Roebuck <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> I believe in some (Theravāda) Buddhist circles, the duties of husband and 
> wife mentioned in the Sigālaka Sutta are adapted as wedding vows. But I 
> presume this is a modern practice. 
> 
> Valerie J Roebuck
> Manchester, UK
> 
> Sent from my iPhone
> 
>> On 7 Sep 2022, at 09:30, Michaels, Prof. Dr. Axel 
>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>> 
>> wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> Dear all,
>>  
>> From my studies on marriages in Nepal, I recall that the bride doesn’t say 
>> anything whereas the groom recites during the pāṇigrahaṇa the following:
>>  
>> athāsyai dakṣiṇaṃ hastam gṛhṇāti sāṅ­guṣṭhaṃ gṛbhṇāmi te saubha­gat­vāya   
>> has­taṃ mayā patyā jaradaṣṭir yathā saḥ, bhago 'ryamā savitā purandhir 
>> mahyaṃ tvā  'dur gārha­patyāya devāḥ, amo 'ham asmi sā tvaṃ sā tvam asy amo 
>> 'ham, sāmāham asmi ṛk tvaṃ dyaur ahaṃ pṛthivī tvaṃ tāv ehi vivahāvahai saha 
>> reto dadhāvahai prajāṃ prajana­yāvahai putrān vindyāvahai bahūn te santu 
>> jaradaṣṭayaḥ saṃpriyau rociṣṇū sumanasyamānau paśyema śaradaḥ śataṃ jīvema 
>> śaradaḥ śataṃ śṛṇuyāma śaradaḥ śatam iti. (PāraskaraGS 1.6.3)
>>  
>> He then seizes her right hand together with the thumb, with (the verses), “I 
>> seize your hand for the sake of happiness, that you may live to old age with 
>> me, your husband! Bhaga, Aryaman, Savitṛ, Purandhi, the gods have given you 
>> to me that we may rule our house.” “This am I, that are you; that are you, 
>> this am I. The Sāman am I, the Ṛk you; the heaven I, the earth you.” “Come! 
>> Let us marry. Let us unite our sperm. Let us beget offspring. Let us acquire 
>> many sons, and may they reach old age.” “Loving, bright, with genial minds 
>> may we see a hundred autumns, may we live a hundred autumns, may we hear a 
>> hundred autumns!”
>>  
>> More details in: Niels Gutschow & Axel Michaels, Getting Married – Hindu and 
>> Buddhist Marriage Rituals among the Newars of Bhaktapur and Patan, Nepal. 
>> Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2012 (with a film on DVD).
>>  
>> Best wishes,
>> Axel 
>>  
>> Prof. Dr. Axel Michaels
>> Seniorprofessor - Vorsitzender des Kuratoriums der Josefine und Eduard von 
>> Portheim-Stiftung für Wissenschaft und Kunst
>>  
>> Address Centre for Asian and Transcultural Studies (CATS) / 
>> Südasien-Institut der Universität Heidelberg • Vossstr. 2, Geb. 4130 • 
>> D-69115 Heidelberg • Telefon +49-6221-5415209 • Email 
>> [email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> •  
>> Websites  https://www.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/krs/abteilung/michaels.html 
>> <https://www.sai.uni-heidelberg.de/krs/abteilung/michaels.html>, 
>> https://www.hadw-bw.de/en/research/research-center/nepal-heritage-documentation-project-nhdp
>>  
>> <https://www.hadw-bw.de/en/research/research-center/nepal-heritage-documentation-project-nhdp>
>>  •  My latest book publications 
>> https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/reader/download/769/769-68-93823-1-10-20210602.pdf
>>  
>> <https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/reader/download/769/769-68-93823-1-10-20210602.pdf>;
>>  https://www.amazon.de/Kultur-Geschichte-Nepals-Axel-Michaels/dp/3520212013 
>> <https://www.amazon.de/Kultur-Geschichte-Nepals-Axel-Michaels/dp/3520212013>;https://www.amazon.de/Homo-Ritualis-Oxford-Ritual-Studies/dp/019026263X
>>  <https://www.amazon.de/Homo-Ritualis-Oxford-Ritual-Studies/dp/019026263X>
>>  
>>  
>>  
>>  
>>  
>> From: INDOLOGY <[email protected] 
>> <mailto:[email protected]>> on behalf of Timothy Lubin 
>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>>
>> Date: Wednesday, 7. September 2022 at 04:10
>> To: Howard Resnick <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>>, 
>> "[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>" 
>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>>
>> Subject: Re: [INDOLOGY] Ancient wedding vows
>>  
>> Howard, 
>>  
>> How about the vivāha ceremony in the Gr̥hyasūtras?  I think some of these 
>> could be treated as “vows” in a loose sense.
>>  
>> KāṭhakaGS 25.28 (with many variations in other GSs):
>> agnim abhidakṣiṇam ānīyehy aśmānam iti varaṃ dakṣiṇena padāśmānam 
>> āsthāpayati /
>>            “ehy aśmānam ātiṣṭhāśmeva tvaṃ sthiro bhava /
>>            kr̥ṇvantu viśve devā āyuṣ te śaradaḥ śatam” //
>>  
>> Or in the mantras of the saptapadī rite, in which the groom leads the bride 
>> around the fire saying:
>> e.g. Pāraskara 1.8.1–2: 
>> athaināmudīcīṃ saptapadāni prakrāmayati
>> “ekamiṣe dve ūrje trīṇi rāyaspoṣāya catvāri māyobhavāya pañca paśubhyaḥ ṣaḍ 
>> ṛtubhyaḥ sakhe saptapadā bhava sā māmanuvratā bhava” |1|
>> “viṣṇus tvānayatv” iti sarvatrānuṣajati |2|  (this says to add “viṣṇus 
>> tvānayatu” after each of the step mantras in 1 above, as in the
>>  
>> Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa 3.7.7.11 = 3.7.7.89 in BS ed.
>> (j) “ekam iṣe viṣṇus tvānvetu 
>> dve ūrje viṣṇus tvānvetu 
>> trīṇi vratāya viṣṇus tvānvetu 
>> catvāri māyobhavāya viṣṇus tvānvetu 
>> pañca paśubhyo viṣṇus tvānvetu 
>> ṣaḍ rāyas poṣāya viṣṇus tvānvetu 
>> sapta saptabhyo hotrābhyo viṣṇus tvānvetu
>>  (k) sakhāyaḥ saptapadā abhūma   sakhyaṃ te gameyam”
>>  
>> Or, my favorite, the mantra to unite minds and wills (this version from the 
>> [Gobhila] Mantra-Brahmaṇa 1.2.21, but versions elsewhere):
>> “mama vrate te hr̥dayaṃ dadhātu 
>> mama cittam anu cittam te astu /
>> mama vācam ekamanā juṣasva 
>> br̥haspatis tvā niyunaktu mahyam” //
>>  
>> Since the mantras are only in the mouths of men (in the traditional form of 
>> the rites), they are one-directional and patriarchal, but I imagine they 
>> could be recited jointly or reciprocally by both spouses to make things more 
>> egalitarian.
>>  
>> Best wishes,
>> Tim
>>  
>> Timothy Lubin
>> Jessie Ball duPont Professor of Religion, and Adjunct Professor of Law
>> Head of the Law, Justice, and Society Program
>> 204 Tucker Hall
>> Washington and Lee University
>> Lexington, Virginia 24450
>> 
>> https://lubin.academic.wlu.edu/ 
>> <https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Flubin.academic.wlu.edu%2F&data=04%7C01%7CLubinT%40wlu.edu%7C118620c8eb3b4049237308d886c1df18%7Cd1a80622a99943e58eb67873905e939e%7C1%7C0%7C637407514521888642%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=KGZJIHllkEOJZN9s48rB6YkrExmYG1owecyuPn%2FuR%2Bg%3D&reserved=0>
>>  
>> http://wlu.academia.edu/TimothyLubin 
>> <https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwlu.academia.edu%2FTimothyLubin&data=04%7C01%7CLubinT%40wlu.edu%7C118620c8eb3b4049237308d886c1df18%7Cd1a80622a99943e58eb67873905e939e%7C1%7C0%7C637407514521888642%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=etrMzh0RHx8819v5PH6KeTgeHQpeNVqeSUP62IDVn9c%3D&reserved=0>
>>  
>> https://hcommons.org/members/lubin/ <https://hcommons.org/members/lubin/> 
>> https://ssrn.com/author=930949 
>> <https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fssrn.com%2Fauthor%3D930949&data=04%7C01%7CLubinT%40wlu.edu%7C118620c8eb3b4049237308d886c1df18%7Cd1a80622a99943e58eb67873905e939e%7C1%7C0%7C637407514521888642%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=F9JfpSkLrSfrImfMeIXPIjpUIVYIYcwfbvm8dqcxedE%3D&reserved=0>
>> https://dharma.hypotheses.org/people/lubin-timothy 
>> <https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdharma.hypotheses.org%2Fpeople%2Flubin-timothy&data=04%7C01%7CLubinT%40wlu.edu%7C118620c8eb3b4049237308d886c1df18%7Cd1a80622a99943e58eb67873905e939e%7C1%7C0%7C637407514521898628%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=sncUovdIh9wA0ezo8n2xpYpllaMKMetH86tMA6Jtg9A%3D&reserved=0>
>> (h)
>>  
>>  
>> From: INDOLOGY <[email protected] 
>> <mailto:[email protected]>> on behalf of Howard Resnick 
>> <[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]>>
>> Date: Tuesday, September 6, 2022 at 9:04 PM
>> To: INDOLOGY <[email protected] 
>> <mailto:[email protected]>>
>> Subject: [INDOLOGY] Ancient wedding vows
>>  
>> Dear Scholars,
>>  
>> Do we have ancient Sanskrit texts with actual wedding vows? Are there 
>> specific vows for kṣatriyas and brāhmaṇas?
>>  
>> I’m looking for wedding vows, rather than spontaneous proposals of marriage 
>> like these:
>>  
>> MBh CE CE 1.67.3 Duḥṣanta said to Śakuntalā: bhāryā me bhava, “Become my 
>> wife.” 
>>  
>> MBh CE 1.139.24 Hiḍimbā proposed to Bhīma, saying, among other flattering 
>> things, bhajamānāṃ bhajasva mām “ choose/honor/love me who am loving [you].
>>  
>> Again, apart from such spontaneous proposals, are there actual ancient vows 
>> at weddings?
>>  
>> Many thanks for any help with this.
>>  
>> Best wishes,
>> Howard
>>  
>>  
>> 
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