command: nice
purpose: run a program with modified scheduling priority

syntax: nice [OPTION] [COMMAND [ARG]...]

according to the nice value kernel decides how much time is required for a
process
nice range: -20 to +20
process with nice value -20 has higher priority
process with nice value +20 has lower priority

to see the value of nice value of all process
$ ps axl
the 6th column with 'NI' is the nice value of process

example:
run a sample script name 'sample.sh'

$ ./sample.sh

note the nice value,
$ ps axl | grep ./sample.sh

now assign the low priority to the script

$ nice -5 ./nice-test.sh

check with
$ ps axl | grep ./sample.sh

to assign high priority with -15 root permission need

# nice --15 ./sample.sh

to check
# ps axl | grep ./sample.sh

more info: $ man nice

regards,
dhanasekar
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