By OS/360 release 19 (1970) && was the documented way to specify a 
temporary data set. See page 168 of 
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R19_Jun70/GC28-6704-0_JCL_Reference_Rel_19_Jun70.pdf

<quote>
If you do include the DSNAME parameter, the temporary data set name
can consist of 1 through 8 characters and is preceded by two ampersands
(&&amp;). The character following the ampersands must be an alphabetic or
national (~r#,$) character: the remaining characters can be any
alphameric or national characters. (A temporary data set name that is
preceded by only one ampersand is treated as a temporary data set name
as long as no value is assigned to it either on the EXEC statement for
this job step when it calls a procedure, or on a PROC statement within
the procedure. If a value is assigned to it by one of these means, it
is treated as a symbolic parameter.
</quote>

There is no change bar on that paragraph, so it was likely introduced with an 
earlier release. I don't have access to an earlier JCL manual, other than the 
one from 1967 that Shmuel referenced.

-- 
Tom Marchant


On Thu, 6 Jul 2023 02:15:28 +0000, Seymour J Metz <sme...@gmu.edu> wrote:

>In that era, double ampersand was invalid. When IBM added symbolic parameters, 
>they added double ampersand as an escape for a single ampersand. I don't know 
>whether they were thinking about  temporary DSNs when they came up with the 
>rule.

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