On 28.02.2023 16:15, Seymour J Metz wrote:
What happens if you change the benchmark to use the array class and DO OVER?
Not much. ooRexx uses references to objects which can be of any type unlike strictly typed languages that restrict the types that can be assigned to arrays. Any such stored object can be sent a message to, which needs to be resolved at runtime (very dynamic system opening up a lot of flexibility). So resolving the references costs time (which is actually not bad at all). Also ooRexx does not preset the array to be of a certain capacity, the ooRexx array will grow as needed.
In the case of primitive types like longs additional optimizations can be applied like laying out the values in contiguous memory sections, each entry being the same size a long needs, allowing looping over it very efficiently (cf. e.g. C's pointer arithmetics), able to directly load into registers and apply machine instructions directly without a need for conversions. So the optimizations that the compiler is able to apply can make the compiled code faster (or slower) depending on the compiler one uses, in this case where the datatype is a primitive it is blazingly fast compared to running non-compiled code.
One more thing that kicks in here allowing ooRexx to be faster than C++ is taking implicitly advantage of Java's JIT (just in time compiler) at runtime which gets optimized from Java release to Java release taking advantage of the host's processor features if possible at all. There is nothing special that needs to be done, it depends on the version of Java that gets used, the newer the better in this case as Java constantly gets the latest advances in optimizations from many different experts in the field some specialized on specific processors.
Java has become a huge cooperation among many different and important companies, from Amazon, IBM, Micrsoft (!), Oracle, SAP and many more, the OpenJDK allowing to get the knowhow from academia as well. It is really a good strategic choice for many reasons IMHO, including being able to take advantage of all of Java from ooRexx in an easy ("human-centric") manner.
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