Hello Ethan. Likely doc/guix.ru.texi really contains question marks where Cyrillic characters should be.
I have seen this error before, but do not remember what fixed it. Is the locale properly set? What does the `locale` command print? You could run `git clean -dfx` in the guix source directory, to really delete absolutely every modified file in there, and start again with the ./bootstrap command, then the configure script and make. However, you write that you already tried with a fresh checkout. How did you install Guix’ dependencies? For example, did you use guix shell -m manifest.sc Regards, Florian