Now I changed it to a more minimal configuration like below, using only real interfaces and no VLANs, but it still doesn't work. I get the same error 17 like before.
--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8--- (service static-networking-service-type (list (static-networking (addresses (list (network-address (device "enp2s0") (value "192.168.10.2/24")) (network-address (device "enp4s0f0") (value "10.0.3.1/24")) (network-address (device "enp4s0f1") (value "10.0.4.1/24")) (network-address (device "enp4s0f2") (value "10.0.5.1/24")) (network-address (device "enp4s0f3") (value "192.168.0.2/24"))))))) --8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8--- However, after a reboot all the IP addresses are set correctly, even though the networking service has status failed.