On 10/16/10 10:48 AM, Ben Franksen wrote:
Don Stewart wrote:
It is open source, and was born open source. It is the product of
research.
How can a language be open source, or rather, how can it *not* be open
source? The point of a (programming) language is that it has a published
('open') definition. Nothing prevents anyone from creating a proprietary
compiler or interpreter for Haskell, AFAIK.
Miranda[TM] is/was a proprietary language, quite definitively so. If
nothing else, this should be apparent by the fact that every reference
to it in research papers of the era (a) included the TM sigil, and (b)
had footnotes indicating who the IP holders are. That was before my
time, but I was under the impression that Haskell was open from the
beginning ---by express intention--- in order to enable work on lazy
functional languages without being encumbered by Miranda[TM]'s closed
nature.
For that matter, until rather recently Java was very much a closed
language defined by the runtime system provided by Sun Microsystems and
not defined by the sequence of characters accepted by that system, nor
by the behavior of the system when it accepts them. Sun even went
through some trouble to try to shut out competitive development of
runtime systems such as SoyLatte, IcedTea, and the like.
Even the venerable C language has a long history of companies making
proprietary extensions to the language in order to require you to buy
their compiler, and they would most certainly pursue legal action if
someone else copied the features. This is why GCC is as big a coup for
the free/open-source movement as Linux is--- long before GCC changed its
name and focus to being a compiler collection.
The languages which are open-source are in close correspondence with the
languages which have a free/open-source implementation. There are a lot
of them, including the vast majority of recent languages. But don't be
seduced into thinking that a language is a predicate on acceptable
strings, a transducer from those strings into computer behaviors, or
that such predicates and transducers are public domain.
--
Live well,
~wren
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