Hi, and welcome to the world of groff!

Tackling your second issue first:

On Wed, Mar 12, 2025 at 10:32 PM dvalin--- via GNU roff typesetting
system discussion <groff@gnu.org> wrote:
> OK, let's skip the macro library, and rely only on basic troff stuff.
>
> That should help me get the hang of things at a simpler level, anyhow.

That's a solid approach.  However, your input file isn't quite
compatible with it.  The ".I" macro is defined in the -ms package, so
when you omit that package, ".I" becomes an unrecognized macro, which
groff ignores.  (If you turn on all warnings, such as with groff's -ww
flag, it does warn about this.  It's a useful flag for beginners to
use habitually.)  This is why everything on that line was omitted from
your PostScript output.

To get italics in basic troff, try this:

This is
.ft I
italic stuff
.ft
I hope.

Nonetheless, you'll almost certainly want to use a macro package for
anything beyond trivial input, so let's look into what's going wrong
with that.

> $ groff -ms /tmp/sample.groff > /tmp/sample.ps
>
> troff: fatal error: can't find macro file s

This suggests something installed incorrectly on your system.  What
type of system are you on?  Does it have a
/usr/share/groff/current/tmac directory?  This is a common location
where tmac files are installed, including s.tmac, the file that SHOULD
be loaded with the "-ms" flag.

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