> If the colon is given then either or both of the indices can
> be omitted.

I see.  So negative indices are a convenience, but index
computation is probably best done using positive indices
because coding the special case would be more awkward:

  i = ... (index counting backward)
  j = ... (other index counting backward)
  if
    j == -0
  then
    b = a[i:]
  else
    b = a[i:j]


> [) has become the norm in "new" languages?

I wouldn't know.  Personally, I think inclusive-inclusive
indexing is more intuitive.  (I also favor languages where
an array of length n has indices 1...n, unless explicitly
declared otherwise: "real, dimension(-5:5) :: a".
But I guess that's just me...)



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