Serena Leone wrote:
Dear users,

I've been running a MD simulation on a protein using ffamber94 (from amber ports with gmx 3.3.1).

After the run, I extracted and minimized an average structure. I then converted the lowest energy structure (.gro) from the minimization in a pdb file with trjconv, but turns out some of the residues are misinterpreted, mostly cysteines. In particular, my initial structure pdb file, after re-editing for amberports, looked like this:

[...]
ATOM 960 2HB SER A 201 68.231 51.739 23.034 1.00 0.00 H ATOM 961 N CYN A 202 67.790 48.850 25.290 1.00 0.00 N ATOM 962 CA CYN A 202 68.660 47.970 26.100 1.00 0.00 C ATOM 963 C CYN A 202 68.570 48.160 27.610 1.00 0.00 C ATOM 964 O CYN A 202 69.500 47.810 28.340 1.00 0.00 O ATOM 965 CB CYN A 202 70.100 48.040 25.590 1.00 0.00 C ATOM 966 SG CYN A 202 70.300 47.530 23.840 1.00 0.00 S ATOM 967 H CYN A 202 67.132 48.288 24.789 1.00 99.99 H ATOM 968 HG CYN A 202 71.615 47.722 23.789 1.00 99.99 H ATOM 969 HA CYN A 202 68.322 46.952 25.905 1.00 0.00 H ATOM 970 1HB CYN A 202 70.714 47.387 26.209 1.00 0.00 H ATOM 971 2HB CYN A 202 70.459 49.063 25.699 1.00 0.00 H ATOM 972 N ASN A 203 67.400 48.570 28.100 1.00 0.00 N ATOM 973 CA ASN A 203 67.150 48.800 29.530 1.00 0.00 C
[...]

The final structure, obtained with trjconv, for the same residue looks like this:

[...]
ATOM    953  HB2 SER A 201      72.090  52.980  29.520  1.00 99.99
ATOM    954  HG  SER A 201      71.240  53.080  27.400  1.00 99.99
ATOM    955  N   CYS A 202      70.360  50.550  31.680  1.00  0.00
ATOM    956  CA  CYS A 202      70.650  49.620  32.780  1.00  0.00
ATOM    957  C   CYS A 202      70.030  50.030  34.140  1.00  0.00
ATOM    958  O   CYS A 202      70.510  49.590  35.180  1.00  0.00
ATOM    959  CB  CYS A 202      72.170  49.350  32.860  1.00  0.00
ATOM    960  HB1 CYS A 202      72.360  48.630  33.660  1.00  0.00
ATOM    961  HB2 CYS A 202      72.710  50.270  33.080  1.00  0.00
ATOM    962  SG  CYS A 202      72.770  48.650  31.300  1.00  0.00
ATOM    963  HG  CYS A 202      72.430  49.690  30.540  1.00  0.00
ATOM    964  H   CYS A 202      69.810  50.170  30.930  1.00  0.00
ATOM    965  HA  CYS A 202      70.180  48.680  32.520  1.00  0.00
ATOM    966  H   CYS A 202      69.810  50.170  30.930  1.00 99.99
ATOM    967  HA  CYS A 202      70.180  48.680  32.520  1.00 99.99
ATOM    968  HB1 CYS A 202      72.360  48.630  33.660  1.00 99.99
ATOM    969  HB2 CYS A 202      72.710  50.270  33.080  1.00 99.99
ATOM    970  HG  CYS A 202      72.430  49.690  30.540  1.00 99.99
ATOM    971  N   ASN A 203      68.950  50.840  34.130  1.00  0.00
ATOM    972  CA  ASN A 203      68.160  51.190  35.300  1.00  0.00
[...]

meaning the residue is extended after the S atom of another methylene group (does the program think this is a S-S bond? CYS disulfide in ffamber are named CYS2...)

There's no added methylene... all five H atoms from CYS have been duplicated and are now coincident. You should look at the output structure file from pdb2gmx and you will probably see that the duplication occurred there. Perhaps the name CYN confused things. If so, you should re-do pdb2gmx and read carefully the messages it outputs, and potentially change your selections suitably.

I also tried to manually edit the .gro file after the minimization changing the res names according to a "standard pdb" nomenclature, but it happens again... I wasn't able to find the cause of this behavior, and again, it's probably just something I'm overlooking. Does anybody have any suggestion?

I don't follow what you think you're trying to achieve here. Copied-and-pasted command lines always enhance descriptions of operations. That way we don't have to deal with any (erroneous) filtering that might be going on inside your head :-)

Mark
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