Thanks Junio for the review!
Thanks Duy for suggestions to think about in the not-submodule case :)

* when invalid labels are found
  -> in the .gitattributes "warn and ignore"
  -> in command line args die(..)
* treat labels set to false as unset.
* fixes in documentation/ reworded the commit message

Thanks,
Stefan

diff to current origin/sb/pathspec-label (v2 of the series, so a lot):

diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index af2c682..b846848 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -906,6 +906,18 @@ If this attribute is not set or has an invalid value, the 
value of the
 (See linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 
+Attaching labels to path
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`label`
+^^^^^^^
+By the value of this attribute you can specify a list of arbitrary strings
+to be attached to a path as labels. These labels can be used for
+easier paths matching using pathspecs (linkgit:gitglossary[1]).
+It is required to use only alphanumeric characters, dashes and
+underscores for the labels.
+
+
 USING MACRO ATTRIBUTES
 ----------------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt 
b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index a1fc9e0..e264a58 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -362,11 +362,6 @@ glob;;
        For example, "Documentation/{asterisk}.html" matches
        "Documentation/git.html" but not "Documentation/ppc/ppc.html"
        or "tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html".
-
-label:<white space separated list>;;
-       Labels can be assigned to pathspecs in the .gitattributes file.
-       By specifying a list of labels the pattern will match only
-       files which have all of the listed labels.
 +
 Two consecutive asterisks ("`**`") in patterns matched against
 full pathname may have special meaning:
@@ -389,6 +384,10 @@ full pathname may have special meaning:
 +
 Glob magic is incompatible with literal magic.
 
+label=<white space separated list>;;
+       Additionally to matching the pathspec, the path must have a 'label'
+       attribute having set all labels listed here.
+
 exclude;;
        After a path matches any non-exclude pathspec, it will be run
        through all exclude pathspec (magic signature: `!`). If it
diff --git a/attr.h b/attr.h
index f6fc7c3..8b08d33 100644
--- a/attr.h
+++ b/attr.h
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ extern const char git_attr__false[];
 #define ATTR_TRUE(v) ((v) == git_attr__true)
 #define ATTR_FALSE(v) ((v) == git_attr__false)
 #define ATTR_UNSET(v) ((v) == NULL)
-#define ATTR_CUSTOM(v) (!(ATTR_UNSET(v) || ATTR_FALSE(v) || ATTR_TRUE(v)))
 
 /*
  * Send one or more git_attr_check to git_check_attr(), and
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 51d5965..fd39f92 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -209,25 +209,56 @@ int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen,
        return 1;
 }
 
-void load_labels(const char *name, int namelen, struct string_list *list)
+static int has_all_labels(const char *name, int namelen,
+                          const struct string_list *required_labels)
 {
        static struct git_attr *attr;
+
        struct git_attr_check check;
-       char *path = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+       char *path;
+       int ret;
 
        if (!attr)
                attr = git_attr("label");
        check.attr = attr;
 
+       path = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
        if (git_check_attr(path, 1, &check))
-               die("git_check_attr died");
-
-       if (ATTR_CUSTOM(check.value)) {
-               string_list_split(list, check.value, ',', -1);
-               string_list_sort(list);
+               die("internal bug: git_check_attr died.");
+
+       if (ATTR_TRUE(check.value))
+               ret = 1; /* has all the labels */
+       else if (ATTR_FALSE(check.value)) {
+               warning(_("Path '%s': Label must not be false. Treat as if no 
label was set."), path);
+               ret = 0;
+       } else if (ATTR_UNSET(check.value))
+               ret = 0; /* has no labels */
+       else {
+               struct string_list_item *si;
+               struct string_list attr_labels = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+               string_list_split(&attr_labels, check.value, ',', -1);
+               for_each_string_list_item(si, &attr_labels) {
+                       if (validate_label_name(si->string)) {
+                               warning(_("Ignoring label '%s'"), si->string);
+                               free(si->string);
+                               si->string = "";
+                       }
+               }
+               string_list_remove_empty_items(&attr_labels, 0);
+               string_list_sort(&attr_labels);
+               ret = 1;
+               for_each_string_list_item(si, required_labels) {
+                       if (!string_list_has_string(&attr_labels, si->string)) {
+                               ret = 0;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+               string_list_clear(&attr_labels, 0);
        }
 
        free(path);
+
+       return ret;
 }
 
 #define DO_MATCH_EXCLUDE   1
@@ -285,14 +316,8 @@ static int match_pathspec_item(const struct pathspec_item 
*item, int prefix,
            strncmp(item->match, name - prefix, item->prefix))
                return 0;
 
-       if (item->group) {
-               struct string_list has_labels = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-               struct string_list_item *si;
-               load_labels(name, namelen, &has_labels);
-               for_each_string_list_item(si, item->group)
-                       if (!string_list_has_string(&has_labels, si->string))
-                               return 0;
-       }
+       if (item->labels && !has_all_labels(name, namelen, item->labels))
+               return 0;
 
        /* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
        if (!*match)
diff --git a/pathspec.c b/pathspec.c
index c227c25..2f053fb 100644
--- a/pathspec.c
+++ b/pathspec.c
@@ -88,13 +88,42 @@ static void prefix_short_magic(struct strbuf *sb, int 
prefixlen,
        strbuf_addf(sb, ",prefix:%d)", prefixlen);
 }
 
+static int check_valid_label_name(const char *label)
+{
+       if (!label || !strlen(label))
+               return -1;
+
+       if (!isalpha(*label))
+               return -1;
+
+       while (*label) {
+               if (!(isalnum(*label) ||
+                       *label == '-' ||
+                       *label == '_'))
+                       return -1;
+               label++;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int validate_label_name(const char *label)
+{
+       int ret = check_valid_label_name(label);
+       if (ret)
+               warning(_("Label '%s': Label names must start with an "
+                         "alphabetic character and use only alphanumeric "
+                         "characters, dashes and underscores."), label);
+       return ret;
+}
+
 static void eat_long_magic(struct pathspec_item *item, const char *elt,
                unsigned *magic, int *pathspec_prefix,
                const char **copyfrom_, const char **long_magic_end)
 {
        int i;
        const char *copyfrom = *copyfrom_;
-       const char *out;
+       const char *body;
        /* longhand */
        const char *nextat;
        for (copyfrom = elt + 2;
@@ -109,25 +138,24 @@ static void eat_long_magic(struct pathspec_item *item, 
const char *elt,
                if (!len)
                        continue;
 
-               if (starts_with(copyfrom, "prefix:")) {
+               if (skip_prefix(copyfrom, "prefix:", &body)) {
                        char *endptr;
-                       *pathspec_prefix = strtol(copyfrom + 7,
-                                                 &endptr, 10);
+                       *pathspec_prefix = strtol(body, &endptr, 10);
                        if (endptr - copyfrom != len)
                                die(_("invalid parameter for pathspec magic 
'prefix'"));
                        continue;
                }
 
-               if (skip_prefix(copyfrom, "label:", &out)) {
+               if (skip_prefix(copyfrom, "label=", &body)) {
                        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-                       size_t l = nextat - out;
-                       strbuf_add(&sb, out, l);
-                       if (!item->group) {
-                               item->group = xmalloc(sizeof(*item->group));
-                               string_list_init(item->group, 1);
-                       }
-                       string_list_split(item->group, sb.buf, ' ', -1);
-                       string_list_remove_empty_items(item->group, 0);
+                       strbuf_add(&sb, body, nextat - body);
+                       if (!item->labels) {
+                               item->labels = xmalloc(sizeof(*item->labels));
+                               string_list_init(item->labels, 1);
+                       } else
+                               die(_("multiple labels not supported in 
pathspec magic"));
+                       string_list_split(item->labels, sb.buf, ' ', -1);
+                       string_list_remove_empty_items(item->labels, 0);
                        strbuf_release(&sb);
                        continue;
                }
@@ -440,7 +468,7 @@ void parse_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec,
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                unsigned short_magic;
                entry = argv[i];
-               item[i].group = NULL;
+               item[i].labels = NULL;
                item[i].magic = prefix_pathspec(item + i, &short_magic,
                                                argv + i, flags,
                                                prefix, prefixlen, entry);
@@ -462,6 +490,13 @@ void parse_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec,
                if (item[i].nowildcard_len < item[i].len)
                        pathspec->has_wildcard = 1;
                pathspec->magic |= item[i].magic;
+
+               if (item[i].labels) {
+                       struct string_list_item *si;
+                       for_each_string_list_item(si, item[i].labels)
+                               if (validate_label_name(si->string))
+                                       die(_("Labels in the wrong syntax are 
prohibited."));
+               }
        }
 
        if (nr_exclude == n)
@@ -519,9 +554,9 @@ void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *pathspec)
 {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < pathspec->nr; i++) {
-               if (pathspec->items[i].group)
-                       string_list_clear(pathspec->items[i].group, 1);
-               free(pathspec->items[i].group);
+               if (pathspec->items[i].labels)
+                       string_list_clear(pathspec->items[i].labels, 1);
+               free(pathspec->items[i].labels);
        }
 
        free(pathspec->items);
diff --git a/pathspec.h b/pathspec.h
index e3f7ebf..bf02931 100644
--- a/pathspec.h
+++ b/pathspec.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ struct pathspec {
                int len, prefix;
                int nowildcard_len;
                int flags;
-               struct string_list *group;
+               struct string_list *labels;
        } *items;
 };
 
@@ -99,5 +99,6 @@ extern char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const 
struct pathspec *pathsp
 extern void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const struct pathspec 
*pathspec, char *seen);
 extern const char *check_path_for_gitlink(const char *path);
 extern void die_if_path_beyond_symlink(const char *path, const char *prefix);
+extern int validate_label_name(const char *label);
 
 #endif /* PATHSPEC_H */
diff --git a/t/t6134-pathspec-with-labels.sh b/t/t6134-pathspec-with-labels.sh
index 0c061ce..e2e4753 100755
--- a/t/t6134-pathspec-with-labels.sh
+++ b/t/t6134-pathspec-with-labels.sh
@@ -4,88 +4,155 @@ test_description='test labels in pathspecs'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup a tree' '
-       for p in file sub/file sub/sub/file sub/file2 sub/sub/sub/file 
sub2/file; do
-               if echo $p | grep /; then
-                       mkdir -p $(dirname $p)
-               fi &&
+       mkdir sub &&
+       for p in fileA fileB fileC fileAB fileAC fileBC fileNoLabel 
fileUnsetLabel fileSetLabel; do
                : >$p &&
                git add $p &&
-               git commit -m $p
+               : >sub/$p
+               git add sub/$p
        done &&
-       git log --oneline --format=%s >actual &&
+       git commit -m $p &&
+       git ls-files >actual &&
        cat <<EOF >expect &&
-sub2/file
-sub/sub/sub/file
-sub/file2
-sub/sub/file
-sub/file
-file
+fileA
+fileAB
+fileAC
+fileB
+fileBC
+fileC
+fileNoLabel
+fileSetLabel
+fileUnsetLabel
+sub/fileA
+sub/fileAB
+sub/fileAC
+sub/fileB
+sub/fileBC
+sub/fileC
+sub/fileNoLabel
+sub/fileSetLabel
+sub/fileUnsetLabel
 EOF
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'pathspec with labels and no .gitattributes exists' '
-       git ls-files ":(label:a)" >actual &&
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with no label and non existent .gitattributes' '
+       git ls-files ":(label=)" >actual &&
+       test_must_be_empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pathspec with labels and non existent .gitattributes' '
+       git ls-files ":(label=a)" >actual &&
        test_must_be_empty actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup .gitattributes' '
-       cat <<-EOF >.gitattributes &&
-       /file label=b
-       sub/file label=a
-       sub/sub/* label=b,c
-       EOF
+       cat <<EOF >.gitattributes &&
+fileA label=labelA
+fileB label=labelB
+fileC label=labelC
+fileAB label=labelA,labelB
+fileAC label=labelA,labelC
+fileBC label=labelB,labelC
+fileUnsetLabel -label
+fileSetLabel label
+EOF
        git add .gitattributes &&
        git commit -m "add attributes"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check label' '
-       cat <<-EOF >expect &&
-       sub/file
-       EOF
-       git ls-files ":(label:a)" >actual &&
+sq="'"
+
+test_expect_success 'check for any label' '
+       cat <<EOF >expect &&
+fileA
+fileAB
+fileAC
+fileB
+fileBC
+fileC
+fileSetLabel
+sub/fileA
+sub/fileAB
+sub/fileAC
+sub/fileB
+sub/fileBC
+sub/fileC
+sub/fileSetLabel
+EOF
+       cat <<EOF >expect2 &&
+warning: Path ${sq}fileUnsetLabel${sq}: Label must not be unset
+warning: Path ${sq}sub/fileUnsetLabel${sq}: Label must not be unset
+EOF
+       git ls-files ":(label=)" >actual 2>actual2 &&
+       test_cmp expect actual &&
+       test_cmp expect2 actual2
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check specific label' '
+       cat <<EOF >expect &&
+fileA
+fileAB
+fileAC
+fileSetLabel
+sub/fileA
+sub/fileAB
+sub/fileAC
+sub/fileSetLabel
+EOF
+       git ls-files ":(label=labelA)" >actual &&
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check label from label list' '
-       cat <<-EOF >expect &&
-       sub/sub/file
-       EOF
-       git ls-files ":(label:c)" >actual &&
+test_expect_success 'check label with 2 labels' '
+       cat <<EOF >expect &&
+fileAB
+fileSetLabel
+sub/fileAB
+sub/fileSetLabel
+EOF
+       git ls-files ":(label=labelA labelB)" >actual &&
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check label with more labels' '
-       cat <<-EOF >expect &&
-       file
-       sub/sub/file
-       EOF
-       git ls-files ":(label:b)" >actual &&
-       test_cmp expect actual
+       test_must_fail git ls-files ":(label=labelA,label=labelB)" 2>actual &&
+       test_i18ngrep "not supported" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'check label with more labels but excluded path' '
-       cat <<-EOF >expect &&
-       sub/sub/file
-       EOF
-       git ls-files ":(label:b)" ":(exclude)./file" >actual &&
+       cat <<EOF >expect &&
+fileAB
+fileB
+fileBC
+fileSetLabel
+EOF
+       git ls-files ":(label=labelB)" ":(exclude)sub/" >actual &&
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check label specifying more labels' '
-       cat <<-EOF >expect &&
-       sub/sub/file
-       EOF
-       git ls-files ":(label:b c)" >actual &&
+test_expect_success 'check label excluding other labels' '
+       cat <<EOF >expect &&
+fileAB
+fileB
+fileBC
+fileSetLabel
+sub/fileAB
+sub/fileB
+EOF
+       git ls-files ":(label=labelB)" ":(exclude,label=labelC)sub/" >actual &&
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check label specifying more labels' '
-       cat <<-EOF >expect &&
-       sub/file
-       sub/sub/file
-       EOF
-       git ls-files ":(label:b c)" ":(label:a)" >actual &&
+test_expect_success 'check for paths with no label' '
+       cat <<EOF >expect &&
+.gitattributes
+fileNoLabel
+sub/fileNoLabel
+EOF
+       git ls-files . ":(exclude,label=)" >actual &&
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
+
 test_done



Stefan Beller (5):
  Documentation: fix a typo
  Documentation: correct typo in example for querying attributes
  pathspec: move long magic parsing out of prefix_pathspec
  pathspec: move prefix check out of the inner loop
  pathspec: record labels

 Documentation/gitattributes.txt               |  14 ++-
 Documentation/glossary-content.txt            |   4 +
 Documentation/technical/api-gitattributes.txt |   2 +-
 dir.c                                         |  56 +++++++++
 pathspec.c                                    | 144 ++++++++++++++++-------
 pathspec.h                                    |   2 +
 t/t6134-pathspec-with-labels.sh               | 158 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 340 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 t/t6134-pathspec-with-labels.sh

-- 
2.8.2.401.gb49ffe6.dirty

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