Implement an `align` atom which left-, middle-, or right-aligns the
content between %(align:..) and %(end).

It is followed by `:<position>,<width>`, where the `<position>` is
either left, right or middle and `<width>` is the size of the area
into which the content will be placed. If the content between
%(align:) and %(end) is more than the width then no alignment is
performed. e.g. to align a refname atom to the middle with a total
width of 40 we can do: --format="%(align:middle,40)%(refname)%(end)".

This is done by calling the strbuf_utf8_align() function in utf8.c and
currently does not support nested alignment.

Add documentation and tests for the same.

Mentored-by: Christian Couder <christian.cou...@gmail.com>
Mentored-by: Matthieu Moy <matthieu....@grenoble-inp.fr>
Signed-off-by: Karthik Nayak <karthik....@gmail.com>
---
 Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt |  9 +++++
 ref-filter.c                       | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 ref-filter.h                       |  1 +
 t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh     | 48 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 125 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt 
b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index e49d578..d949812 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -127,6 +127,15 @@ color::
        Change output color.  Followed by `:<colorname>`, where names
        are described in `color.branch.*`.
 
+align::
+       Implement an `align` atom which left-, middle-, or
+       right-aligns the content between %(align:..)  and
+       %(end). Followed by `:<position>,<width>`, where the
+       `<position>` is either left, right or middle and `<width>` is
+       the total length of the content with alignment. If the
+       contents length is more than the width then no alignment is
+       performed. Currently nested alignment is not supported.
+
 In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
 be used to specify the value in the header field.
diff --git a/ref-filter.c b/ref-filter.c
index e2df209..57e988c 100644
--- a/ref-filter.c
+++ b/ref-filter.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "ref-filter.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 typedef enum { FIELD_STR, FIELD_ULONG, FIELD_TIME } cmp_type;
 
@@ -53,11 +54,21 @@ static struct {
        { "flag" },
        { "HEAD" },
        { "color" },
+       { "align" },
+       { "end" },
+};
+
+struct align {
+       align_type position;
+       unsigned int width;
 };
 
 struct atom_value{
        const char *s;
+       struct align *align;
        unsigned long ul; /* used for sorting when not FIELD_STR */
+       unsigned int modifier_atom : 1,
+               end : 1;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -627,6 +638,7 @@ static void populate_value(struct ref_array_item *ref)
                int deref = 0;
                const char *refname;
                const char *formatp;
+               const char *valp;
                struct branch *branch = NULL;
 
                if (*name == '*') {
@@ -692,6 +704,26 @@ static void populate_value(struct ref_array_item *ref)
                        else
                                v->s = " ";
                        continue;
+               } else if (skip_prefix(name, "align:", &valp)) {
+                       struct align *align = xmalloc(sizeof(struct align));
+
+                       if (skip_prefix(valp, "left,", &valp))
+                               align->position = ALIGN_LEFT;
+                       else if (skip_prefix(valp, "right,", &valp))
+                               align->position = ALIGN_RIGHT;
+                       else if (skip_prefix(valp, "middle,", &valp))
+                               align->position = ALIGN_MIDDLE;
+                       else
+                               die(_("improper format entered align:%s"), 
valp);
+                       if (strtoul_ui(valp, 10, &align->width))
+                               die(_("positive width expected align:%s"), 
valp);
+                       v->align = align;
+                       v->modifier_atom = 1;
+                       continue;
+               } else if (!strcmp(name, "end")) {
+                       v->end = 1;
+                       v->modifier_atom = 1;
+                       continue;
                } else
                        continue;
 
@@ -1198,7 +1230,9 @@ void ref_array_sort(struct ref_sorting *sorting, struct 
ref_array *array)
 
 struct ref_formatting_state {
        struct strbuf output;
+       struct align *align;
        int quote_style;
+       unsigned int end : 1;
 };
 
 static void format_quote_value(struct atom_value *v, struct 
ref_formatting_state *state)
@@ -1262,12 +1296,31 @@ static void append_non_atom(const char *cp, const char 
*ep, struct ref_formattin
 
 static void set_formatting_state(struct atom_value *atomv, struct 
ref_formatting_state *state)
 {
-       /* Based on the atomv values, the formatting state is set */
+       if (atomv->align) {
+               state->align = atomv->align;
+               atomv->align = NULL;
+       }
+       if (atomv->end)
+               state->end = 1;
+}
+
+static int align_ref_strbuf(struct ref_formatting_state *state, struct strbuf 
*final)
+{
+       if (state->align && state->end) {
+               struct align *align = state->align;
+               strbuf_utf8_align(final, align->position, align->width, 
state->output.buf);
+               strbuf_reset(&state->output);
+               state->align = NULL;
+               return 1;
+       } else if (state->align)
+               return 1;
+       return 0;
 }
 
 static void perform_state_formatting(struct ref_formatting_state *state, 
struct strbuf *final)
 {
-       /* More formatting options to be eventually added */
+       if (align_ref_strbuf(state, final))
+               return;
        strbuf_addbuf(final, &state->output);
        strbuf_reset(&state->output);
 }
@@ -1280,6 +1333,8 @@ void show_ref_array_item(struct ref_array_item *info, 
const char *format, int qu
 
        state.quote_style = quote_style;
        strbuf_init(&state.output, 0);
+       state.align = NULL;
+       state.end = 0;
 
        for (cp = format; *cp && (sp = find_next(cp)); cp = ep + 1) {
                struct atom_value *atomv;
@@ -1290,10 +1345,17 @@ void show_ref_array_item(struct ref_array_item *info, 
const char *format, int qu
                        perform_state_formatting(&state, &final_buf);
                }
                get_ref_atom_value(info, parse_ref_filter_atom(sp + 2, ep), 
&atomv);
-               set_formatting_state(atomv, &state);
-               format_quote_value(atomv, &state);
-               perform_state_formatting(&state, &final_buf);
+               if (atomv->modifier_atom)
+                       set_formatting_state(atomv, &state);
+               else {
+                       format_quote_value(atomv, &state);
+                       perform_state_formatting(&state, &final_buf);
+               }
+               if (atomv->end)
+                       perform_state_formatting(&state, &final_buf);
        }
+       if (state.align)
+               die(_("format: align used without an `end` atom"));
        if (*cp) {
                sp = cp + strlen(cp);
                append_non_atom(cp, sp, &state);
diff --git a/ref-filter.h b/ref-filter.h
index 45026d0..144a633 100644
--- a/ref-filter.h
+++ b/ref-filter.h
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 /* Quoting styles */
 #define QUOTE_NONE 0
diff --git a/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh b/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh
index 505a360..f6b921b 100755
--- a/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh
+++ b/t/t6302-for-each-ref-filter.sh
@@ -81,4 +81,52 @@ test_expect_success 'filtering with --contains' '
        test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'left alignment' '
+       cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+       refname is refs/heads/master  |refs/heads/master
+       refname is refs/heads/side    |refs/heads/side
+       refname is refs/odd/spot      |refs/odd/spot
+       refname is refs/tags/double-tag|refs/tags/double-tag
+       refname is refs/tags/four     |refs/tags/four
+       refname is refs/tags/one      |refs/tags/one
+       refname is refs/tags/signed-tag|refs/tags/signed-tag
+       refname is refs/tags/three    |refs/tags/three
+       refname is refs/tags/two      |refs/tags/two
+       EOF
+       git for-each-ref --format="%(align:left,30)refname is 
%(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'middle alignment' '
+       cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+       | refname is refs/heads/master |refs/heads/master
+       |  refname is refs/heads/side  |refs/heads/side
+       |   refname is refs/odd/spot   |refs/odd/spot
+       |refname is refs/tags/double-tag|refs/tags/double-tag
+       |  refname is refs/tags/four   |refs/tags/four
+       |   refname is refs/tags/one   |refs/tags/one
+       |refname is refs/tags/signed-tag|refs/tags/signed-tag
+       |  refname is refs/tags/three  |refs/tags/three
+       |   refname is refs/tags/two   |refs/tags/two
+       EOF
+       git for-each-ref --format="|%(align:middle,30)refname is 
%(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'right alignment' '
+       cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+       |  refname is refs/heads/master|refs/heads/master
+       |    refname is refs/heads/side|refs/heads/side
+       |      refname is refs/odd/spot|refs/odd/spot
+       |refname is refs/tags/double-tag|refs/tags/double-tag
+       |     refname is refs/tags/four|refs/tags/four
+       |      refname is refs/tags/one|refs/tags/one
+       |refname is refs/tags/signed-tag|refs/tags/signed-tag
+       |    refname is refs/tags/three|refs/tags/three
+       |      refname is refs/tags/two|refs/tags/two
+       EOF
+       git for-each-ref --format="|%(align:right,30)refname is 
%(refname)%(end)|%(refname)" >actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
-- 
2.5.0

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