From: Stefan Xenos <sxe...@google.com>

metacommit.c supports the creation of metacommits and
adds the API needed to create and update changes.

Create the "modify_change" function that can be called from modification
commands like "rebase" and "git amend" to record obsolescences in the
change graph.

Create the "record_metacommit" function for recording more complicated
commit relationships in the commit graph.

Create the "write_metacommit" function for low-level creation of
metacommits.
---
 Makefile     |   1 +
 metacommit.c | 370 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 metacommit.h |  39 ++++++
 3 files changed, 410 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 metacommit.c
 create mode 100644 metacommit.h

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 09cfd3ef1b..a6be1780c5 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -920,6 +920,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += merge.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-blobs.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-recursive.o
 LIB_OBJS += mergesort.o
+LIB_OBJS += metacommit.o
 LIB_OBJS += metacommit-parser.o
 LIB_OBJS += midx.o
 LIB_OBJS += name-hash.o
diff --git a/metacommit.c b/metacommit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..705e54f3aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/metacommit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "metacommit.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "change-table.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+
+void init_metacommit_data(struct metacommit_data *state)
+{
+       memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
+}
+
+void clear_metacommit_data(struct metacommit_data *state)
+{
+       oid_array_clear(&state->replace);
+       oid_array_clear(&state->origin);
+}
+
+static void compute_default_change_name(struct commit *initial_commit,
+       struct strbuf* result)
+{
+       const char *buffer = get_commit_buffer(initial_commit, NULL);
+       const char *subject;
+       const char *eol;
+       int len;
+       find_commit_subject(buffer, &subject);
+       eol = strchrnul(subject, '\n');
+       for (len = 0;subject < eol && len < 10; ++subject, ++len) {
+               char next = *subject;
+               if (isspace(next)) {
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               strbuf_addch(result, next);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Computes a change name for a change rooted at the given initial commit. Good
+ * change names should be memorable, unique, and easy to type. They are not
+ * required to match the commit comment.
+ */
+static void compute_change_name(struct commit *initial_commit, struct strbuf* 
result)
+{
+       struct strbuf default_name;
+       struct object_id unused;
+
+       strbuf_init(&default_name, 0);
+       if (initial_commit) {
+               compute_default_change_name(initial_commit, &default_name);
+       } else {
+               strbuf_addstr(&default_name, "change");
+       }
+       strbuf_addstr(result, "refs/metas/");
+       strbuf_addstr(result, default_name.buf);
+
+       // If there is already a change of this name, append a suffix
+       if (!read_ref(result->buf, &unused)) {
+               int suffix = 2;
+               int original_length = result->len;
+
+               while (1) {
+                       strbuf_addf(result, "%d", suffix);
+                       if (read_ref(result->buf, &unused)) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       strbuf_remove(result, original_length, result->len - 
original_length);
+                       ++suffix;
+               }
+       }
+
+       strbuf_release(&default_name);
+}
+
+struct resolve_metacommit_callback_data
+{
+       struct change_table* active_changes;
+       struct string_list *changes;
+       struct oid_array *heads;
+};
+
+static int resolve_metacommit_callback(const char *refname, void *cb_data)
+{
+       struct resolve_metacommit_callback_data *data = (struct 
resolve_metacommit_callback_data *)cb_data;
+       struct change_head *chhead;
+
+       chhead = get_change_head(data->active_changes, refname);
+
+       if (data->changes) {
+               string_list_append(data->changes, refname)->util = 
&(chhead->head);
+       }
+       if (data->heads) {
+               oid_array_append(data->heads, &(chhead->head));
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Produces the final form of a metacommit based on the current change refs.
+ */
+static void resolve_metacommit(
+       struct repository* repo,
+       struct change_table* active_changes,
+       const struct metacommit_data *to_resolve,
+       struct metacommit_data *resolved_output,
+       struct string_list *to_advance,
+       int allow_append)
+{
+       int i;
+       int len = to_resolve->replace.nr;
+       struct resolve_metacommit_callback_data cbdata;
+       int old_change_list_length = to_advance->nr;
+       struct commit* content;
+
+       oidcpy(&resolved_output->content, &to_resolve->content);
+
+       // First look for changes that point to any of the replacement edges in 
the
+       // metacommit. These will be the changes that get advanced by this 
metacommit.
+       resolved_output->abandoned = to_resolve->abandoned;
+       cbdata.active_changes = active_changes;
+       cbdata.changes = to_advance;
+       cbdata.heads = &(resolved_output->replace);
+
+       if (allow_append) {
+               for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+                       int old_number = resolved_output->replace.nr;
+                       for_each_change_referencing(active_changes, 
&(to_resolve->replace.oid[i]),
+                               resolve_metacommit_callback, &cbdata);
+                       // If no changes were found, use the unresolved value
+                       if (old_number == resolved_output->replace.nr) {
+                               oid_array_append(&(resolved_output->replace), 
&(to_resolve->replace.oid[i]));
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       cbdata.changes = NULL;
+       cbdata.heads = &(resolved_output->origin);
+
+       len = to_resolve->origin.nr;
+       for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+               int old_number = resolved_output->origin.nr;
+               for_each_change_referencing(active_changes, 
&(to_resolve->origin.oid[i]),
+                       resolve_metacommit_callback, &cbdata);
+               if (old_number == resolved_output->origin.nr) {
+                       oid_array_append(&(resolved_output->origin), 
&(to_resolve->origin.oid[i]));
+               }
+       }
+
+       // If no changes were advanced by this metacommit, we'll need to create 
a new
+       // one.
+       if (to_advance->nr == old_change_list_length) {
+               struct strbuf change_name;
+
+               strbuf_init(&change_name, 80);
+               content = lookup_commit_reference_gently(repo, 
&(to_resolve->content), 1);
+
+               compute_change_name(content, &change_name);
+               string_list_append(to_advance, change_name.buf);
+               strbuf_release(&change_name);
+       }
+}
+
+static void lookup_commits(
+       struct repository *repo,
+       struct oid_array *to_lookup,
+       struct commit_list **result)
+{
+       int i = to_lookup->nr;
+
+       while (--i >= 0) {
+               struct object_id *next = &(to_lookup->oid[i]);
+               struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(repo, 
next, 1);
+               commit_list_insert(commit, result);
+       }
+}
+
+#define PARENT_TYPE_PREFIX "parent-type "
+
+/*
+ * Creates a new metacommit object with the given content. Writes the object
+ * id of the newly-created commit to result.
+ */
+int write_metacommit(struct repository *repo, struct metacommit_data *state,
+       struct object_id *result)
+{
+       struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
+       struct strbuf comment;
+       int i;
+       struct commit *content;
+
+       strbuf_init(&comment, strlen(PARENT_TYPE_PREFIX)
+               + 1 + 2 * (state->origin.nr + state->replace.nr));
+       lookup_commits(repo, &state->origin, &parents);
+       lookup_commits(repo, &state->replace, &parents);
+       content = lookup_commit_reference_gently(repo, &state->content, 1);
+       if (!content) {
+               strbuf_release(&comment);
+               free_commit_list(parents);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       commit_list_insert(content, &parents);
+
+       strbuf_addstr(&comment, PARENT_TYPE_PREFIX);
+       strbuf_addstr(&comment, state->abandoned ? "a" : "c");
+       for (i = 0; i < state->replace.nr; i++) {
+               strbuf_addstr(&comment, " r");
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < state->origin.nr; i++) {
+               strbuf_addstr(&comment, " o");
+       }
+
+       // The parents list will be freed by this call
+       commit_tree(comment.buf, comment.len, repo->hash_algo->empty_tree, 
parents,
+               result, NULL, NULL);
+
+       strbuf_release(&comment);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true iff the given metacommit is abandoned, has one or more origin
+ * parents, or has one or more replacement parents.
+ */
+static int is_nontrivial_metacommit(struct metacommit_data *state)
+{
+       return state->replace.nr || state->origin.nr || state->abandoned;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Records the relationships described by the given metacommit in the
+ * repository.
+ *
+ * If override_change is NULL (the default), an attempt will be made
+ * to append to existing changes wherever possible instead of creating new 
ones.
+ * If override_change is non-null, only the given change ref will be updated.
+ *
+ * options is a bitwise combination of the UPDATE_OPTION_* flags.
+ */
+int record_metacommit(struct repository *repo,
+       const struct metacommit_data *metacommit,
+       const char* override_change, int options, struct strbuf *err)
+{
+       static const char *msg = "updating change";
+       struct metacommit_data resolved_metacommit;
+       struct string_list changes;
+       struct object_id commit_target;
+       struct ref_transaction *transaction = NULL;
+       struct object_id old_head_working;
+       const struct object_id *old_head;
+       struct change_table chtable;
+       int i;
+       int ret = 0;
+       int force = (options & UPDATE_OPTION_FORCE);
+
+       init_metacommit_data(&resolved_metacommit);
+       string_list_init(&changes, 1);
+
+       change_table_init(&chtable);
+
+       change_table_add_all_visible(&chtable, repo);
+
+       resolve_metacommit(repo, &chtable, metacommit, &resolved_metacommit, 
&changes,
+               (options & UPDATE_OPTION_NOAPPEND) == 0);
+
+       if (override_change) {
+               old_head = &old_head_working;
+               string_list_clear(&changes, 0);
+               if (get_oid_committish(override_change, &old_head_working)) {
+                       // ...then this is a newly-created change
+                       old_head = &null_oid;
+               } else if (!force) {
+                       if 
(!oid_array_contains_nondestructive(&(resolved_metacommit.replace),
+                               &old_head_working)) {
+                               // Attempted non-fast-forward change
+                               strbuf_addf(err, _("non-fast-forward update to 
'%s'"),
+                                       override_change);
+                               ret = -1;
+                               goto cleanup;
+                       }
+               }
+               // The expected "current" head of the change is stored in the 
util pointer
+               string_list_append(&changes, override_change)->util = 
(void*)old_head;
+       }
+
+       if (is_nontrivial_metacommit(&resolved_metacommit)) {
+               // If there are any origin or replacement parents, create a new 
metacommit
+               // object.
+               if (write_metacommit(repo, &resolved_metacommit, 
&commit_target) < 0) {
+                       ret = -1;
+                       goto cleanup;
+               }
+       } else {
+               // If the metacommit would only contain a content commit, point 
to the
+               // commit itself rather than creating a trivial metacommit.
+               oidcpy(&commit_target, &(resolved_metacommit.content));
+       }
+
+       // If a change already exists with this target and we're not forcing an
+       // update to some specific override_change && change, there's nothing 
to do.
+       if (!override_change 
+               && change_table_has_change_referencing(&chtable, 
&commit_target)) {
+               // Not an error
+               goto cleanup;
+       }
+
+       transaction = ref_transaction_begin(err);
+
+       // Update the refs for each affected change
+       if (!transaction) {
+               ret = -1;
+       } else {
+               for (i = 0; i < changes.nr; i++) {
+                       struct string_list_item *it = &(changes.items[i]);
+
+                       // The expected current head of the change is stored in 
the util pointer.
+                       // It is null if the change should be newly-created.
+                       if (it->util) {
+                               if (ref_transaction_update(transaction, 
it->string, &commit_target,
+                                       force ? NULL : it->util, 0, msg, err)) {
+
+                                       ret = -1;
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               if (ref_transaction_create(transaction, 
it->string,
+                                       &commit_target, 0, msg, err)) {
+
+                                       ret = -1;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (!ret) {
+                       if (ref_transaction_commit(transaction, err)) {
+                               ret = -1;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+cleanup:
+       ref_transaction_free(transaction);
+       string_list_clear(&changes, 0);
+       clear_metacommit_data(&resolved_metacommit);
+       change_table_clear(&chtable);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Should be invoked after a command that has "modify" semantics - commands 
that
+ * create a new commit based on an old commit and treat the new one as a
+ * replacement for the old one. This method records the replacement in the
+ * change graph, such that a future evolve operation will rebase children of
+ * the old commit onto the new commit.
+ */
+void modify_change(
+       struct repository *repo,
+       const struct object_id *old_commit,
+       const struct object_id *new_commit,
+       struct strbuf *err)
+{
+       struct metacommit_data metacommit;
+
+       init_metacommit_data(&metacommit);
+       oidcpy(&(metacommit.content), new_commit);
+       oid_array_append(&(metacommit.replace), old_commit);
+
+       record_metacommit(repo, &metacommit, NULL, 0, err);
+
+       clear_metacommit_data(&metacommit);
+}
diff --git a/metacommit.h b/metacommit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d4be9cdfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/metacommit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#ifndef METACOMMIT_H
+#define METACOMMIT_H
+
+// If specified, non-fast-forward changes are permitted.
+#define UPDATE_OPTION_FORCE     0x0001
+// If specified, no attempt will be made to append to existing changes.
+// Normally, if a metacommit points to a commit in its replace or origin
+// list and an existing change points to that same commit as its content, the
+// new metacommit will attempt to append to that same change. This may replace
+// the commit parent with one or more metacommits from the head of the appended
+// changes. This option disables this behavior, and will always create a new
+// change rather than reusing existing changes.
+#define UPDATE_OPTION_NOAPPEND  0x0002
+
+// Metacommit Data
+
+struct metacommit_data {
+       struct object_id content;
+       struct oid_array replace;
+       struct oid_array origin;
+       int abandoned;
+};
+
+extern void init_metacommit_data(struct metacommit_data *state);
+
+extern void clear_metacommit_data(struct metacommit_data *state);
+
+extern int record_metacommit(struct repository *repo,
+       const struct metacommit_data *metacommit,
+       const char* override_change, int options, struct strbuf *err);
+
+extern void modify_change(struct repository *repo,
+       const struct object_id *old_commit, const struct object_id *new_commit,
+       struct strbuf *err);
+
+extern int write_metacommit(struct repository *repo, struct metacommit_data 
*state,
+       struct object_id *result);
+
+#endif
-- 
2.20.1.321.g9e740568ce-goog

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