Every once in a while someone complains to the mailing list to have
run into this weird assertion[1]. The usual response from the mailing
list is link to old discussions[2], and acknowledging the problem
stating it is known.

This patch accomplishes two things:

  1. Switch assert() to die("BUG") to give a more readable message.

  2. Take one of the cases where we hit a BUG and turn it into a normal
     "there was something wrong with the input" message.


[1] https://www.google.com/search?q=item-%3Enowildcard_len
[2] 
http://git.661346.n2.nabble.com/assert-failed-in-submodule-edge-case-td7628687.html
    https://www.spinics.net/lists/git/msg249473.html

Helped-by: Jeff King <[email protected]>
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <[email protected]>
---
 pathspec.c                       | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++--
 t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100755 t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh

diff --git a/pathspec.c b/pathspec.c
index 22ca74a126..574a0bb158 100644
--- a/pathspec.c
+++ b/pathspec.c
@@ -313,8 +313,28 @@ static unsigned prefix_pathspec(struct pathspec_item *item,
        }
 
        /* sanity checks, pathspec matchers assume these are sane */
-       assert(item->nowildcard_len <= item->len &&
-              item->prefix         <= item->len);
+       if (item->nowildcard_len > item->len ||
+           item->prefix         > item->len) {
+               /* Historically this always was a submodule issue */
+               for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+                       struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+                       int len;
+
+                       if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+                               continue;
+
+                       len = ce_namelen(ce);
+                       if (item->len < len)
+                               len = item->len;
+
+                       if (!memcmp(ce->name, item->match, len))
+                               die (_("Pathspec '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
+                                       item->original, ce_namelen(ce), 
ce->name);
+               }
+               /* The error is a new unknown bug */
+               die ("BUG: item->nowildcard_len > item->len || item->prefix > 
item->len)");
+       }
+
        return magic;
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh b/t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..2900d8d06e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6134-pathspec-in-submodule.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test case exclude pathspec'
+
+TEST_CREATE_SUBMODULE=yes
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a submodule' '
+       git submodule add ./pretzel.bare sub &&
+       git commit -a -m "add submodule" &&
+       git submodule deinit --all
+'
+
+cat <<EOF >expect
+fatal: Pathspec 'sub/a' is in submodule 'sub'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'error message for path inside submodule' '
+       echo a >sub/a &&
+       test_must_fail git add sub/a 2>actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat <<EOF >expect
+fatal: Pathspec '.' is in submodule 'sub'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'error message for path inside submodule from within 
submodule' '
+       test_must_fail git -C sub add . 2>actual &&
+       test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
-- 
2.11.0.rc2.31.g2cc886f

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