Make the cache management code behave more like a library.  There are no
longer any global variables in read-cache.c.  Nothing ever uses more than
one cache yet, but I can see how it might simplify some of the merge code.

Signed-off-by: Brad Roberts <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
---
 
 cache.h          |   36 +++------
 check-files.c    |   12 +--
 checkout-cache.c |   22 +++---
 diff-cache.c     |   36 ++++-----
 merge-cache.c    |   29 ++++---
 read-cache.c     |  200 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 read-tree.c      |   71 +++++++++++--------
 show-diff.c      |   19 +++--
 show-files.c     |   27 +++----
 update-cache.c   |   39 +++++-----
 write-tree.c     |   24 +++---
11 files changed, 292 insertions(+), 223 deletions(-)

Index: cache.h
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/cache.h  (mode:100644 
sha1:828d660ab82bb35a1ca632a2ba4620dc483889bd)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/cache.h  (mode:100644 
sha1:d8ade9f4b9bd9b6045f97b4df5bef8356c767d46)
@@ -17,21 +17,6 @@
 #include <zlib.h>
 
 /*
- * Basic data structures for the directory cache
- *
- * NOTE NOTE NOTE! This is all in the native CPU byte format. It's
- * not even trying to be portable. It's trying to be efficient. It's
- * just a cache, after all.
- */
-
-#define CACHE_SIGNATURE 0x44495243     /* "DIRC" */
-struct cache_header {
-       unsigned int hdr_signature;
-       unsigned int hdr_version;
-       unsigned int hdr_entries;
-};
-
-/*
  * The "cache_time" is just the low 32 bits of the
  * time. It doesn't matter if it overflows - we only
  * check it for equality in the 32 bits we save.
@@ -67,6 +52,8 @@
 #define CE_STAGEMASK (0x3000)
 #define CE_STAGESHIFT 12
 
+extern int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
+
 #define create_ce_flags(len, stage) htons((len) | ((stage) << CE_STAGESHIFT))
 #define ce_namelen(ce) (CE_NAMEMASK & ntohs((ce)->ce_flags))
 #define ce_size(ce) cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce))
@@ -78,8 +65,6 @@
 #define cache_entry_size(len) ((offsetof(struct cache_entry,name) + (len) + 8) 
& ~7)
 
 const char *sha1_file_directory;
-struct cache_entry **active_cache;
-unsigned int active_nr, active_alloc;
 
 #define DB_ENVIRONMENT "SHA1_FILE_DIRECTORY"
 #define DEFAULT_DB_ENVIRONMENT ".git/objects"
@@ -87,12 +72,17 @@
 #define alloc_nr(x) (((x)+16)*3/2)
 
 /* Initialize and use the cache information */
-extern int read_cache(void);
-extern int write_cache(int newfd, struct cache_entry **cache, int entries);
-extern int cache_name_pos(const char *name, int namelen);
-extern int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int ok_to_add);
-extern int remove_file_from_cache(char *path);
-extern int cache_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st);
+extern struct cache *new_cache(void);
+extern struct cache *read_cache(void);
+extern int write_cache(struct cache *cache, int newfd);
+extern void free_cache(struct cache *cache);
+extern int cache_name_pos(struct cache *cache, const char *name, int namelen);
+extern int add_cache_entry(struct cache *cache, struct cache_entry *ce, int 
ok_to_add);
+extern int remove_file_from_cache(struct cache *cache, char *path);
+extern int get_num_cache_entries(struct cache *cache);
+extern struct cache_entry * get_cache_entry(struct cache *cache, int pos);
+extern void set_cache_entry(struct cache *cache, struct cache_entry *ce, int 
pos);
+extern int remove_cache_entry_at(struct cache *cache, int pos);
 
 #define MTIME_CHANGED  0x0001
 #define CTIME_CHANGED  0x0002
Index: check-files.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/check-files.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:7d16691aa9d51b5b4670d5837b3527ee7c7da79c)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/check-files.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:4de6d39e4997d29f13261c21eeb378f74b3f8a8f)
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 
-static void check_file(const char *path)
+static void check_file(struct cache *cache, const char *path)
 {
        int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
        struct cache_entry *ce;
@@ -23,15 +23,15 @@
        }
 
        /* Exists but is not in the cache is not fine */
-       pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+       pos = cache_name_pos(cache, path, strlen(path));
        if (pos < 0)
                die("preparing to update existing file '%s' not in cache", 
path);
-       ce = active_cache[pos];
+       ce = get_cache_entry(cache, pos);
 
        if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
                die("fstat(%s): %s", path, strerror(errno));
 
-       changed = cache_match_stat(ce, &st);
+       changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st);
        if (changed)
                die("preparing to update file '%s' not uptodate in cache", 
path);
 }
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
        int i;
+       struct cache *cache = read_cache();
 
-       read_cache();
        for (i = 1; i < argc ; i++)
-               check_file(argv[i]);
+               check_file(cache, argv[i]);
        return 0;
 }
Index: checkout-cache.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/checkout-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:8bf86016b5d5fd88a52ce694fc59bb9ecb550d22)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/checkout-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:2e8c61323a72f6052d8c9ef76a4eef05aa5ac0f9)
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
        struct stat st;
 
        if (!stat(ce->name, &st)) {
-               unsigned changed = cache_match_stat(ce, &st);
+               unsigned changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st);
                if (!changed)
                        return 0;
                if (!force) {
@@ -120,23 +120,23 @@
        return write_entry(ce);
 }
 
-static int checkout_file(const char *name)
+static int checkout_file(struct cache *cache, const char *name)
 {
-       int pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+       int pos = cache_name_pos(cache, name, strlen(name));
        if (pos < 0) {
                if (!quiet)
                        fprintf(stderr, "checkout-cache: %s is not in the 
cache\n", name);
                return -1;
        }
-       return checkout_entry(active_cache[pos]);
+       return checkout_entry(get_cache_entry(cache, pos));
 }
 
-static int checkout_all(void)
+static int checkout_all(struct cache *cache)
 {
        int i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < active_nr ; i++) {
-               struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+       for (i = 0; i < get_num_cache_entries(cache) ; i++) {
+               struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                if (ce_stage(ce))
                        continue;
                if (checkout_entry(ce) < 0)
@@ -149,15 +149,15 @@
 {
        int i, force_filename = 0;
 
-       if (read_cache() < 0) {
+       struct cache * cache = read_cache();
+       if (!cache)
                die("invalid cache");
-       }
 
        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
                const char *arg = argv[i];
                if (!force_filename) {
                        if (!strcmp(arg, "-a")) {
-                               checkout_all();
+                               checkout_all(cache);
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
                                continue;
                        }
                }
-               checkout_file(arg);
+               checkout_file(cache, arg);
        }
        return 0;
 }
Index: diff-cache.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/diff-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:fcbc4900d32f4ca24f67bb8f0fe344c6c5642ac9)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/diff-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:1d39ca1f79d841e363a4be57871a5c1282d441e1)
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 static int recursive = 0;
 static int line_termination = '\n';
 
-static int diff_cache(void *tree, unsigned long size, struct cache_entry **ac, 
int entries, const char *base);
+static int diff_cache(void *tree, unsigned long size, struct cache *cache, int 
pos, const char *base);
 
 static void update_tree_entry(void **bufp, unsigned long *sizep)
 {
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@
 }
 
 static int compare_tree_entry(const char *path1, unsigned int mode1, const 
unsigned char *sha1,
-                             struct cache_entry **ac, int *entries, const char 
*base)
+                             struct cache *cache, int *pos, const char *base)
 {
        int baselen = strlen(base);
-       struct cache_entry *ce = *ac;
+       struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, *pos);
        const char *path2 = ce->name + baselen;
        unsigned int mode2 = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
        const unsigned char *sha2 = ce->sha1;
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
                        memcpy(newbase + baselen + pathlen1, "/", 2);
                        if (!tree || strcmp(type, "tree"))
                                die("unable to read tree object %s", 
sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-                       *entries = diff_cache(tree, size, ac, *entries, 
newbase);
+                       *pos = diff_cache(tree, size, cache, *pos, newbase);
                        free(newbase);
                        free(tree);
                        return -1;
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
                        show_file("-", path1, mode1, sha1, base);
                        return -1;
                }
-               changed = cache_match_stat(ce, &st);
+               changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st);
                close(fd);
                if (changed) {
                        mode2 = st.st_mode;
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int diff_cache(void *tree, unsigned long size, struct cache_entry **ac, 
int entries, const char *base)
+static int diff_cache(void *tree, unsigned long size, struct cache *cache, int 
pos, const char *base)
 {
        int baselen = strlen(base);
 
@@ -167,15 +167,16 @@
                unsigned int mode;
                const char *path;
                const unsigned char *sha1;
-               int left;
 
                /*
                 * No entries in the cache (with this base)?
                 * Output the tree contents.
                 */
-               if (!entries || ce_namelen(ce = *ac) < baselen || 
memcmp(ce->name, base, baselen)) {
+               if ((pos == get_num_cache_entries(cache)) ||
+                   ce_namelen(ce = get_cache_entry(cache, pos)) < baselen ||
+                   memcmp(ce->name, base, baselen)) {
                        if (!size)
-                               return entries;
+                               return pos;
                        sha1 = extract(tree, size, &path, &mode);
                        show_file("-", path, mode, sha1, base);
                        update_tree_entry(&tree, &size);
@@ -187,27 +188,20 @@
                 */
                if (!size) {
                        show_file("+", ce->name, ntohl(ce->ce_mode), ce->sha1, 
"");
-                       ac++;
-                       entries--;
+                       pos++;
                        continue;
                }
 
                sha1 = extract(tree, size, &path, &mode);
-               left = entries;
-               switch (compare_tree_entry(path, mode, sha1, ac, &left, base)) {
+               switch (compare_tree_entry(path, mode, sha1, cache, &pos, 
base)) {
                case -1:
                        update_tree_entry(&tree, &size);
-                       if (left < entries) {
-                               ac += (entries - left);
-                               entries = left;
-                       }
                        continue;
                case 0:
                        update_tree_entry(&tree, &size);
                        /* Fallthrough */
                case 1:
-                       ac++;
-                       entries--;
+                       pos++;
                        continue;
                }
                die("diff-cache: internal error");
@@ -221,8 +215,8 @@
        void *tree;
        unsigned long size;
        char type[20];
+       struct cache *cache = read_cache();
 
-       read_cache();
        while (argc > 2) {
                char *arg = argv[1];
                argv++;
@@ -263,5 +257,5 @@
        if (strcmp(type, "tree"))
                die("bad tree object %s (%s)", sha1_to_hex(tree_sha1), type);
 
-       return diff_cache(tree, size, active_cache, active_nr, "");
+       return diff_cache(tree, size, cache, 0, "");
 }
Index: merge-cache.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/merge-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:35a0d588178aa5371399458b1a15519cffd645b8)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/merge-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:440d4d6e98d1387c5055ba5539b829e7557d9d4a)
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@
                err = 1;
 }
 
-static int merge_entry(int pos, const char *path)
+static int merge_entry(struct cache *cache, int pos, const char *path)
 {
        int found;
        
-       if (pos >= active_nr)
+       if (pos >= get_num_cache_entries(cache))
                die("merge-cache: %s not in the cache", path);
        arguments[0] = pgm;
        arguments[1] = "";
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
        found = 0;
        do {
                static char hexbuf[4][60];
-               struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+               struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, pos);
                int stage = ce_stage(ce);
 
                if (strcmp(ce->name, path))
@@ -48,44 +48,45 @@
                found++;
                strcpy(hexbuf[stage], sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
                arguments[stage] = hexbuf[stage];
-       } while (++pos < active_nr);
+       } while (++pos < get_num_cache_entries(cache));
        if (!found)
                die("merge-cache: %s not in the cache", path);
        run_program();
        return found;
 }
 
-static void merge_file(const char *path)
+static void merge_file(struct cache *cache, const char *path)
 {
-       int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+       int pos = cache_name_pos(cache, path, strlen(path));
 
        /*
         * If it already exists in the cache as stage0, it's
         * already merged and there is nothing to do.
         */
        if (pos < 0)
-               merge_entry(-pos-1, path);
+               merge_entry(cache, -pos-1, path);
 }
 
-static void merge_all(void)
+static void merge_all(struct cache *cache)
 {
        int i;
-       for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-               struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+       for (i = 0; i < get_num_cache_entries(cache); i++) {
+               struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                if (!ce_stage(ce))
                        continue;
-               i += merge_entry(i, ce->name)-1;
+               i += merge_entry(cache, i, ce->name)-1;
        }
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
        int i, force_file = 0;
+       struct cache *cache;
 
        if (argc < 3)
                usage("merge-cache <merge-program> (-a | <filename>*)");
 
-       read_cache();
+       cache = read_cache();
 
        pgm = argv[1];
        for (i = 2; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -96,12 +97,12 @@
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (!strcmp(arg, "-a")) {
-                               merge_all();
+                               merge_all(cache);
                                continue;
                        }
                        die("merge-cache: unknown option %s", arg);
                }
-               merge_file(arg);
+               merge_file(cache, arg);
        }
        if (err)
                die("merge program failed");
Index: read-cache.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/read-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:2f6a4aa18d48865db80459a3459ac4384b0b16c8)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/read-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:7084fcdf771ddc5bfac38b8778a5904d779de3a4)
@@ -6,10 +6,42 @@
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include "cache.h"
 
-struct cache_entry **active_cache = NULL;
-unsigned int active_nr = 0, active_alloc = 0;
+/*
+ * Basic data structures for the directory cache
+ */
 
-int cache_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
+#define CACHE_SIGNATURE 0x44495243     /* "DIRC" */
+struct cache_header {
+       unsigned int hdr_signature;
+       unsigned int hdr_version;
+       unsigned int hdr_entries;
+};
+
+struct mmap_holder {
+       void * ptr;
+       size_t size;
+};
+
+struct cache {
+       struct mmap_holder   map;
+       struct cache_header *header;
+       struct cache_entry **entries;
+       unsigned int num_entries;
+       unsigned int allocated_entries;
+};
+
+struct cache * new_cache()
+{
+       return (struct cache*)calloc(1, sizeof(struct cache));
+}
+
+void free_cache(struct cache *cache)
+{
+       munmap(cache->map.ptr, cache->map.size);
+       free(cache);
+}
+
+int ce_match_stat(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
        unsigned int changed = 0;
 
@@ -65,15 +97,15 @@
        return 0;
 }
 
-int cache_name_pos(const char *name, int namelen)
+int cache_name_pos(struct cache *cache, const char *name, int namelen)
 {
        int first, last;
 
        first = 0;
-       last = active_nr;
+       last = cache->num_entries;
        while (last > first) {
                int next = (last + first) >> 1;
-               struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[next];
+               struct cache_entry *ce = cache->entries[next];
                int cmp = cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, 
htons(ce->ce_flags));
                if (!cmp)
                        return next;
@@ -87,20 +119,20 @@
 }
 
 /* Remove entry, return true if there are more entries to go.. */
-static int remove_entry_at(int pos)
+int remove_cache_entry_at(struct cache *cache, int pos)
 {
-       active_nr--;
-       if (pos >= active_nr)
+       cache->num_entries--;
+       if (pos >= cache->num_entries)
                return 0;
-       memmove(active_cache + pos, active_cache + pos + 1, (active_nr - pos) * 
sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+       memmove(cache->entries + pos, cache->entries + pos + 1, 
(cache->num_entries - pos) * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
        return 1;
 }
 
-int remove_file_from_cache(char *path)
+int remove_file_from_cache(struct cache *cache, char *path)
 {
-       int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
+       int pos = cache_name_pos(cache, path, strlen(path));
        if (pos >= 0)
-               remove_entry_at(pos);
+               remove_cache_entry_at(cache, pos);
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -110,15 +142,33 @@
        return ce_namelen(b) == len && !memcmp(a->name, b->name, len);
 }
 
-int add_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int ok_to_add)
+int get_num_cache_entries(struct cache *cache)
+{
+       return cache->num_entries;
+}
+
+struct cache_entry * get_cache_entry(struct cache *cache, int pos)
+{
+       return cache->entries[pos];
+}
+
+void set_cache_entry(struct cache *cache, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
+{
+       /* You can NOT just free cache->entries[i] here, since it
+        * might not be necessarily malloc()ed but can also come
+        * from mmap(). */
+       cache->entries[pos] = ce;
+}
+
+int add_cache_entry(struct cache *cache, struct cache_entry *ce, int ok_to_add)
 {
        int pos;
 
-       pos = cache_name_pos(ce->name, htons(ce->ce_flags));
+       pos = cache_name_pos(cache, ce->name, htons(ce->ce_flags));
 
        /* existing match? Just replace it */
        if (pos >= 0) {
-               active_cache[pos] = ce;
+               cache->entries[pos] = ce;
                return 0;
        }
        pos = -pos-1;
@@ -127,10 +177,10 @@
         * Inserting a merged entry ("stage 0") into the index
         * will always replace all non-merged entries..
         */
-       if (pos < active_nr && ce_stage(ce) == 0) {
-               while (same_name(active_cache[pos], ce)) {
+       if (pos < cache->num_entries && ce_stage(ce) == 0) {
+               while (same_name(cache->entries[pos], ce)) {
                        ok_to_add = 1;
-                       if (!remove_entry_at(pos))
+                       if (!remove_cache_entry_at(cache, pos))
                                break;
                }
        }
@@ -139,16 +189,16 @@
                return -1;
 
        /* Make sure the array is big enough .. */
-       if (active_nr == active_alloc) {
-               active_alloc = alloc_nr(active_alloc);
-               active_cache = realloc(active_cache, active_alloc * 
sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
+       if (cache->num_entries == cache->allocated_entries) {
+               cache->allocated_entries = alloc_nr(cache->allocated_entries);
+               cache->entries = realloc(cache->entries, 
cache->allocated_entries * sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
        }
 
        /* Add it in.. */
-       active_nr++;
-       if (active_nr > pos)
-               memmove(active_cache + pos + 1, active_cache + pos, (active_nr 
- pos - 1) * sizeof(ce));
-       active_cache[pos] = ce;
+       cache->num_entries++;
+       if (cache->num_entries > pos)
+               memmove(cache->entries + pos + 1, cache->entries + pos, 
(cache->num_entries - pos - 1) * sizeof(ce));
+       cache->entries[pos] = ce;
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -169,59 +219,75 @@
        return 0;
 }
 
-int read_cache(void)
+struct cache *read_cache(void)
 {
        int fd, i;
        struct stat st;
-       unsigned long size, offset;
-       void *map;
-       struct cache_header *hdr;
-
-       errno = EBUSY;
-       if (active_cache)
-               return error("more than one cachefile");
+       unsigned long offset;
+       struct cache *cache;
+
+       cache = new_cache();
+       if (!cache) {
+               errno = ENOMEM;
+               error("unable to allocate cache");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
        errno = ENOENT;
        sha1_file_directory = getenv(DB_ENVIRONMENT);
        if (!sha1_file_directory)
                sha1_file_directory = DEFAULT_DB_ENVIRONMENT;
-       if (access(sha1_file_directory, X_OK) < 0)
-               return error("no access to SHA1 file directory");
+       if (access(sha1_file_directory, X_OK) < 0) {
+               error("no access to SHA1 file directory");
+               free(cache);
+               return NULL;
+       }
        fd = open(".git/index", O_RDONLY);
-       if (fd < 0)
-               return (errno == ENOENT) ? 0 : error("open failed");
+       if (fd < 0) {
+               /* TODO: Why special case this?  If we can't get to the data, 
what's the point? */
+               if (errno == ENOENT)
+                       return cache;
+               else {
+                       error("open failed");
+                       free(cache);
+                       return NULL;
+               }
+       }
 
-       size = 0; /* avoid gcc warning */
-       map = (void *)-1;
+       cache->map.size = 0; /* avoid gcc warning */
+       cache->map.ptr = (void *)-1;
        if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
-               size = st.st_size;
+               cache->map.size = st.st_size;
                errno = EINVAL;
-               if (size >= sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
-                       map = mmap(NULL, size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
+               if (cache->map.size >= sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
+                       cache->map.ptr = mmap(NULL, cache->map.size, PROT_READ, 
MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
        }
        close(fd);
-       if (-1 == (int)(long)map)
-               return error("mmap failed");
+       if (-1 == (int)(long)cache->map.ptr) {
+               error("mmap failed");
+               free(cache);
+               return NULL;
+       }
 
-       hdr = map;
-       if (verify_hdr(hdr, size) < 0)
-               goto unmap;
-
-       active_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
-       active_alloc = alloc_nr(active_nr);
-       active_cache = calloc(active_alloc, sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
-
-       offset = sizeof(*hdr);
-       for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-               struct cache_entry *ce = map + offset;
-               offset = offset + ce_size(ce);
-               active_cache[i] = ce;
+       cache->header = cache->map.ptr;
+       if (verify_hdr(cache->header, cache->map.size) < 0) {
+               free_cache(cache);
+               errno = EINVAL;
+               error("verify header failed");
+               return NULL;
        }
-       return active_nr;
 
-unmap:
-       munmap(map, size);
-       errno = EINVAL;
-       return error("verify header failed");
+       cache->num_entries = ntohl(cache->header->hdr_entries);
+       cache->allocated_entries = alloc_nr(cache->num_entries);
+       cache->entries = calloc(cache->allocated_entries, sizeof(struct 
cache_entry *));
+
+       offset = sizeof(*cache->header);
+       for (i = 0; i < cache->num_entries; i++) {
+               struct cache_entry *ce = cache->map.ptr + offset;
+               offset = offset + ce_size(ce);
+               cache->entries[i] = ce;
+       }
+       return cache;
 }
 
 #define WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE 8192
@@ -267,7 +333,7 @@
        return 0;
 }
 
-int write_cache(int newfd, struct cache_entry **cache, int entries)
+int write_cache(struct cache *cache, int newfd)
 {
        SHA_CTX c;
        struct cache_header hdr;
@@ -275,14 +341,14 @@
 
        hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE);
        hdr.hdr_version = htonl(2);
-       hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries);
+       hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(cache->num_entries);
 
        SHA1_Init(&c);
        if (ce_write(&c, newfd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
                return -1;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
-               struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
+       for (i = 0; i < cache->num_entries; i++) {
+               struct cache_entry *ce = cache->entries[i];
                if (ce_write(&c, newfd, ce, ce_size(ce)) < 0)
                        return -1;
        }
Index: read-tree.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/read-tree.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:620f3f74eb56366fca8be4d28d7b04875c0fa90c)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/read-tree.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:a683b7f60e58514d36218a7b2c2ace2d3ec9f984)
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 static int stage = 0;
 
-static int read_one_entry(unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen, 
const char *pathname, unsigned mode)
+static int read_one_entry(struct cache *cache, unsigned char *sha1, const char 
*base, int baselen, const char *pathname, unsigned mode)
 {
        int len = strlen(pathname);
        unsigned int size = cache_entry_size(baselen + len);
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@
        memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
        memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len+1);
        memcpy(ce->sha1, sha1, 20);
-       return add_cache_entry(ce, 1);
+       return add_cache_entry(cache, ce, 1);
 }
 
-static int read_tree(unsigned char *sha1, const char *base, int baselen)
+static int read_tree(struct cache *cache, unsigned char *sha1, const char 
*base, int baselen)
 {
        void *buffer, *bufptr;
        unsigned long size;
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
                        memcpy(newbase, base, baselen);
                        memcpy(newbase + baselen, path, pathlen);
                        newbase[baselen + pathlen] = '/';
-                       retval = read_tree(sha1, newbase, baselen + pathlen + 
1);
+                       retval = read_tree(cache, sha1, newbase, baselen + 
pathlen + 1);
                        free(newbase);
                        if (retval) {
                                free(buffer);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
                        }
                        continue;
                }
-               if (read_one_entry(sha1, base, baselen, path, mode) < 0) {
+               if (read_one_entry(cache, sha1, base, baselen, path, mode) < 0) 
{
                        free(buffer);
                        return -1;
                }
@@ -146,26 +146,30 @@
        return NULL;
 }
 
-static void trivially_merge_cache(struct cache_entry **src, int nr)
+/* rather than doing the 'right' thing of deleting entries as we merge,
+ * walk dst through the cache, overwriting entries as we go and at the
+ * end truncate the size of the cache */
+static void trivially_merge_cache(struct cache *cache)
 {
        static struct cache_entry null_entry;
-       struct cache_entry **dst = src;
        struct cache_entry *old = &null_entry;
+       int src = 0, dst = 0, nr = get_num_cache_entries(cache);
 
-       while (nr) {
+       while (src < nr) {
                struct cache_entry *ce, *result;
 
-               ce = src[0];
+               ce = get_cache_entry(cache, src);
 
                /* We throw away original cache entries except for the stat 
information */
                if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
                        old = ce;
                        src++;
-                       nr--;
-                       active_nr--;
                        continue;
                }
-               if (nr > 2 && (result = merge_entries(ce, src[1], src[2])) != 
NULL) {
+               if ((src < (nr - 2)) &&
+                   (result = merge_entries(ce,
+                                           get_cache_entry(cache, src + 1),
+                                           get_cache_entry(cache, src + 2))) 
!= NULL) {
                        /*
                         * See if we can re-use the old CE directly?
                         * That way we get the uptodate stat info.
@@ -175,40 +179,46 @@
                        ce = result;
                        ce->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_STAGEMASK);
                        src += 2;
-                       nr -= 2;
-                       active_nr -= 2;
                }
-               *dst++ = ce;
+               set_cache_entry(cache, ce, dst);
+               dst++;
                src++;
+       }
+       /* this could be replaced by a truncate api */
+       while (nr > dst) {
                nr--;
+               remove_cache_entry_at(cache, nr);
        }
 }
 
-static void merge_stat_info(struct cache_entry **src, int nr)
+static void merge_stat_info(struct cache *cache)
 {
        static struct cache_entry null_entry;
-       struct cache_entry **dst = src;
        struct cache_entry *old = &null_entry;
+       int src = 0, dst = 0, nr = get_num_cache_entries(cache);
 
-       while (nr) {
+       while (src < nr) {
                struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-               ce = src[0];
+               ce = get_cache_entry(cache, src);
 
                /* We throw away original cache entries except for the stat 
information */
                if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
                        old = ce;
                        src++;
-                       nr--;
-                       active_nr--;
                        continue;
                }
                if (path_matches(ce, old) && same(ce, old))
                        *ce = *old;
                ce->ce_flags &= ~htons(CE_STAGEMASK);
-               *dst++ = ce;
+               set_cache_entry(cache, ce, dst);
+               dst++;
                src++;
+       }
+       /* this could be replaced by a truncate api */
+       while (nr > dst) {
                nr--;
+               remove_cache_entry_at(cache, nr);
        }
 }
 
@@ -216,6 +226,7 @@
 {
        int i, newfd, merge;
        unsigned char sha1[20];
+       struct cache *cache = NULL;
 
        newfd = open(".git/index.lock", O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0600);
        if (newfd < 0)
@@ -232,9 +243,9 @@
                        int i;
                        if (stage)
                                usage("-m needs to come first");
-                       read_cache();
-                       for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-                               if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]))
+                       cache = read_cache();
+                       for (i = 0; i < get_num_cache_entries(cache); i++) {
+                               if (ce_stage(get_cache_entry(cache, i)))
                                        usage("you need to resolve your current 
index first");
                        }
                        stage = 1;
@@ -245,23 +256,25 @@
                        usage("read-tree [-m] <sha1>");
                if (stage > 3)
                        usage("can't merge more than two trees");
-               if (read_tree(sha1, "", 0) < 0)
+               if (!cache)
+                       cache = new_cache();
+               if (read_tree(cache, sha1, "", 0) < 0)
                        die("failed to unpack tree object %s", arg);
                stage++;
        }
        if (merge) {
                switch (stage) {
                case 4: /* Three-way merge */
-                       trivially_merge_cache(active_cache, active_nr);
+                       trivially_merge_cache(cache);
                        break;
                case 2: /* Just read a tree, merge with old cache contents */
-                       merge_stat_info(active_cache, active_nr);
+                       merge_stat_info(cache);
                        break;
                default:
                        die("just how do you expect me to merge %d trees?", 
stage-1);
                }
        }
-       if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+       if (write_cache(cache, newfd) ||
            rename(".git/index.lock", ".git/index"))
                die("unable to write new index file");
        remove_lock = 0;
Index: show-diff.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/show-diff.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:da364e26e28823f951a6be1b686a458575f28ea1)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/show-diff.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:d61bf6dea8106599c25ac5071743b351f6e000ce)
@@ -126,9 +126,16 @@
        int silent_on_nonexisting_files = 0;
        int machine_readable = 0;
        int reverse = 0;
-       int entries = read_cache();
+       int entries;
        int matched = 0;
        int i;
+       struct cache *cache = read_cache();
+
+       entries = get_num_cache_entries(cache);
+       if (entries < 0) {
+               perror("read_cache");
+               exit(1);
+       }
 
        while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
                if  (!strcmp(argv[1], "-R"))
@@ -147,14 +154,10 @@
        /* At this point, if argc == 1, then we are doing everything.
         * Otherwise argv[1] .. argv[argc-1] have the explicit paths.
         */
-       if (entries < 0) {
-               perror("read_cache");
-               exit(1);
-       }
        prepare_diff_cmd();
        for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
                struct stat st;
-               struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+               struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                int changed;
                unsigned long size;
                char type[20];
@@ -172,7 +175,7 @@
                                printf("%s: Unmerged\n",
                                       ce->name);
                        while (i < entries &&
-                              !strcmp(ce->name, active_cache[i]->name))
+                              !strcmp(ce->name, get_cache_entry(cache, 
i)->name))
                                i++;
                        i--; /* compensate for loop control increments */
                        continue;
@@ -190,7 +193,7 @@
                        }
                        continue;
                }
-               changed = cache_match_stat(ce, &st);
+               changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st);
                if (!changed)
                        continue;
                if (!machine_readable)
Index: show-files.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/show-files.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:0b49ca051de413e7182445dd8fb9144125716974)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/show-files.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:c8dc21d0dd3f5db3f7016323859c58449968d800)
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@
 static int nr_dir;
 static int dir_alloc;
 
-static void add_name(const char *pathname, int len)
+static void add_name(struct cache *cache, const char *pathname, int len)
 {
        char *name;
 
-       if (cache_name_pos(pathname, len) >= 0)
+       if (cache_name_pos(cache, pathname, len) >= 0)
                return;
 
        if (nr_dir == dir_alloc) {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
  * Also, we currently ignore all names starting with a dot.
  * That likely will not change.
  */
-static void read_directory(const char *path, const char *base, int baselen)
+static void read_directory(struct cache *cache, const char *path, const char 
*base, int baselen)
 {
        DIR *dir = opendir(path);
 
@@ -82,12 +82,12 @@
                                /* fallthrough */
                        case DT_DIR:
                                memcpy(fullname + baselen + len, "/", 2);
-                               read_directory(fullname, fullname, baselen + 
len + 1);
+                               read_directory(cache, fullname, fullname, 
baselen + len + 1);
                                continue;
                        case DT_REG:
                                break;
                        }
-                       add_name(fullname, baselen + len);
+                       add_name(cache, fullname, baselen + len);
                }
                closedir(dir);
        }
@@ -102,13 +102,13 @@
        return cache_name_compare(n1, l1, n2, l2);
 }
 
-static void show_files(void)
+static void show_files(struct cache *cache)
 {
        int i;
 
        /* For cached/deleted files we don't need to even do the readdir */
        if (show_others | show_ignored) {
-               read_directory(".", "", 0);
+               read_directory(cache, ".", "", 0);
                qsort(dir, nr_dir, sizeof(char *), cmp_name);
        }
        if (show_others) {
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@
                        printf("%s%s%c", tag_other, dir[i], line_terminator);
        }
        if (show_cached | show_stage) {
-               for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-                       struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+               for (i = 0; i < get_num_cache_entries(cache); i++) {
+                       struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                        if (show_unmerged && !ce_stage(ce))
                                continue;
                        if (!show_stage)
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@
                }
        }
        if (show_deleted) {
-               for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-                       struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+               for (i = 0; i < get_num_cache_entries(cache); i++) {
+                       struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                        struct stat st;
                        if (!stat(ce->name, &st))
                                continue;
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
        int i;
+       struct cache *cache;
 
        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
                char *arg = argv[i];
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@
        if (!(show_stage | show_deleted | show_others | show_ignored | 
show_unmerged))
                show_cached = 1;
 
-       read_cache();
-       show_files();
+       cache = read_cache();
+       show_files(cache);
        return 0;
 }
Index: update-cache.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/update-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:a09883541c745c76413c62109a80f40df4b7a7fb)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/update-cache.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:565638acd2380023ea69e82316a7ab77d95d8ee7)
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
        ce->ce_size = htonl(st->st_size);
 }
 
-static int add_file_to_cache(char *path)
+static int add_file_to_cache(struct cache *cache, char *path)
 {
        int size, namelen;
        struct cache_entry *ce;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
        if (fd < 0) {
                if (errno == ENOENT) {
                        if (allow_remove)
-                               return remove_file_from_cache(path);
+                               return remove_file_from_cache(cache, path);
                }
                return -1;
        }
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
                free(ce);
                return -1;
        }
-       if (add_cache_entry(ce, allow_add)) {
+       if (add_cache_entry(cache, ce, allow_add)) {
                free(ce);
                return -1;
        }
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
        if (stat(ce->name, &st) < 0)
                return NULL;
 
-       changed = cache_match_stat(ce, &st);
+       changed = ce_match_stat(ce, &st);
        if (!changed)
                return ce;
 
@@ -200,17 +200,17 @@
        return updated;
 }
 
-static void refresh_cache(void)
+static void refresh_cache(struct cache *cache)
 {
        int i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < get_num_cache_entries(cache); i++) {
                struct cache_entry *ce, *new;
-               ce = active_cache[i];
+               ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                if (ce_stage(ce)) {
                        printf("%s: needs merge\n", ce->name);
-                       while ((i < active_nr) &&
-                              ! strcmp(active_cache[i]->name, ce->name))
+                       while ((i < get_num_cache_entries(cache)) &&
+                              ! strcmp(get_cache_entry(cache, i)->name, 
ce->name))
                                i++;
                        i--;
                        continue;
@@ -221,10 +221,7 @@
                        printf("%s: needs update\n", ce->name);
                        continue;
                }
-               /* You can NOT just free active_cache[i] here, since it
-                * might not be necessarily malloc()ed but can also come
-                * from mmap(). */
-               active_cache[i] = new;
+               set_cache_entry(cache, new, i);
        }
 }
 
@@ -256,7 +253,7 @@
        }
 }
 
-static int add_cacheinfo(char *arg1, char *arg2, char *arg3)
+static int add_cacheinfo(struct cache *cache, char *arg1, char *arg2, char 
*arg3)
 {
        int size, len;
        unsigned int mode;
@@ -279,7 +276,7 @@
        memcpy(ce->name, arg3, len);
        ce->ce_flags = htons(len);
        ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-       return add_cache_entry(ce, allow_add);
+       return add_cache_entry(cache, ce, allow_add);
 }
 
 static int remove_lock = 0;
@@ -294,6 +291,7 @@
 {
        int i, newfd, entries;
        int allow_options = 1;
+       struct cache *cache = NULL;
 
        newfd = open(".git/index.lock", O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0600);
        if (newfd < 0)
@@ -302,7 +300,8 @@
        atexit(remove_lock_file);
        remove_lock = 1;
 
-       entries = read_cache();
+       cache = read_cache();
+       entries = get_num_cache_entries(cache);
        if (entries < 0)
                die("cache corrupted");
 
@@ -323,11 +322,11 @@
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (!strcmp(path, "--refresh")) {
-                               refresh_cache();
+                               refresh_cache(cache);
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (!strcmp(path, "--cacheinfo")) {
-                               if (i+3 >= argc || add_cacheinfo(argv[i+1], 
argv[i+2], argv[i+3]))
+                               if (i+3 >= argc || add_cacheinfo(cache, 
argv[i+1], argv[i+2], argv[i+3]))
                                        die("update-cache: --cacheinfo <mode> 
<sha1> <path>");
                                i += 3;
                                continue;
@@ -338,10 +337,10 @@
                        fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring path %s\n", argv[i]);
                        continue;
                }
-               if (add_file_to_cache(path))
+               if (add_file_to_cache(cache, path))
                        die("Unable to add %s to database", path);
        }
-       if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+       if (write_cache(cache, newfd) ||
            rename(".git/index.lock", ".git/index"))
                die("Unable to write new cachefile");
 
Index: write-tree.c
===================================================================
--- c0260bfb82da04aeff4e598ced5295d6ae2e262d/write-tree.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:827809dbddbff6dd8cf842641f6db5ad2f3ae07a)
+++ 38adb888a4c1adfe083f24d4ec51018e0b5a8335/write-tree.c  (mode:100644 
sha1:ad148b422ffa85d7ecf515e55538c1afa13f17d6)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 #define ORIG_OFFSET (40)       /* Enough space to add the header of "tree 
<size>\0" */
 
-static int write_tree(struct cache_entry **cachep, int maxentries, const char 
*base, int baselen, unsigned char *returnsha1)
+static int write_tree(struct cache *cache, int start_pos, const char *base, 
int baselen, unsigned char *returnsha1)
 {
        unsigned char subdir_sha1[20];
        unsigned long size, offset;
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 
        nr = 0;
        do {
-               struct cache_entry *ce = cachep[nr];
+               struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, start_pos + nr);
                const char *pathname = ce->name, *filename, *dirname;
                int pathlen = ce_namelen(ce), entrylen;
                unsigned char *sha1;
@@ -53,16 +53,13 @@
                if (baselen >= pathlen || memcmp(base, pathname, baselen))
                        break;
 
-               sha1 = ce->sha1;
-               mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
-
                /* Do we have _further_ subdirectories? */
                filename = pathname + baselen;
                dirname = strchr(filename, '/');
                if (dirname) {
                        int subdir_written;
 
-                       subdir_written = write_tree(cachep + nr, maxentries - 
nr, pathname, dirname-pathname+1, subdir_sha1);
+                       subdir_written = write_tree(cache, start_pos + nr, 
pathname, dirname-pathname+1, subdir_sha1);
                        nr += subdir_written;
 
                        /* Now we need to write out the directory entry into 
this tree.. */
@@ -72,6 +69,9 @@
                        /* ..but the directory entry doesn't count towards the 
total count */
                        nr--;
                        sha1 = subdir_sha1;
+               } else {
+                       sha1 = ce->sha1;
+                       mode = ntohl(ce->ce_mode);
                }
 
                if (check_valid_sha1(sha1) < 0)
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
                memcpy(buffer + offset, sha1, 20);
                offset += 20;
                nr++;
-       } while (nr < maxentries);
+       } while ((start_pos + nr) < get_num_cache_entries(cache));
 
        i = prepend_integer(buffer, offset - ORIG_OFFSET, ORIG_OFFSET);
        i -= 5;
@@ -101,16 +101,18 @@
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
        int i, unmerged;
-       int entries = read_cache();
        unsigned char sha1[20];
+       struct cache *cache = read_cache();
+       int entries;
 
-       if (entries <= 0)
+       if (!cache)
                die("write-tree: no cache contents to write");
+       entries = get_num_cache_entries(cache);
 
        /* Verify that the tree is merged */
        unmerged = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
-               struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+               struct cache_entry *ce = get_cache_entry(cache, i);
                if (ntohs(ce->ce_flags) & ~CE_NAMEMASK) {
                        if (++unmerged > 10) {
                                fprintf(stderr, "...\n");
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@
                die("write-tree: not able to write tree");
 
        /* Ok, write it out */
-       if (write_tree(active_cache, entries, "", 0, sha1) != entries)
+       if (write_tree(cache, 0, "", 0, sha1) != entries)
                die("write-tree: internal error");
        printf("%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
        return 0;
-
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