top reads some tick counters from /proc/stat
provided by the kernel and defined as
struct cpu_usage_stat {
cputime64_t user;
cputime64_t nice;
cputime64_t system;
cputime64_t softirq;
cputime64_t irq;
cputime64_t idle;
cputime64_t iowait;
cputime64_t steal;
};
in kernel_stat.h
You probably can guess the meaning better than I could:
# time spent waiting for IO to complete
wa=iowait
# time spent within hardware interrupt handlers
hi=irq
# time spent within other critical sections within the kernel
si=softirq
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