Hi Craig,

your option (1) sounds good to me. However, there is no requirement that all file entries in a directory are consecutive, so the raw entry list could potentially be

dirA/file1
dirB/file1
dirA/file2
dirB/file2

depending on how files are inserted in the ZIP. So you likely need to sort things before creating your index.

Even

Le 19/08/2025 à 07:26, Craig de Stigter via gdal-dev a écrit :
Hi folks

I've stumbled across VSIReadDirRecursive being really slow when I give it a ridiculously large ZIP file (containing 5 million files across ~1500 subdirectories)

I spent a while poking round the source code. It looks like VSIArchiveFilesystemHandler::ReadDirEx() performs repeated linear scans through the flat VSIArchiveContent::entries array during recursive directory traversal. For each directory level, it scans all entries from the beginning, resulting in O(n²) time complexity.

Performance degrades from ~1.3s for the first 5,000 files to ~6.7s for 5000 files once I get 100K files into a 5-million-file ZIP archive, and keeps getting worse from there. I haven't managed to list the whole 5M-file archive yet...

A couple of possible solutions:

1. Add a directory index to VSIArchiveContent (add a map of string directory paths to index in the entries array) so we can jumpstart the ReadDirEx implementation at the right place 2. make a VSIDIRArchive class (subclass of VSIDIR) and override OpenDir/NextDirEntry, so that it doens't call ReadDirEx repeatedly but instead just returns entries from the VSIArchiveContent::entries array.

I'm leaning towards (1) because it would presumably improve random lookups by file path also (not just ReadDirRecursive). Is this something that would be accepted as a PR?

Thanks


--
Regards,
Craig

Platform Engineer
Koordinates
koordinates.com <http://koordinates.com/> / @koordinates <https://twitter.com/koordinates>

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