> I thought it was the other way round - that after Bernd's fixes (July 
> 2011) towards support for 40-bit integers, FRACTIONAL_INT_MODE worked 
> better than PARTIAL_INT_MODE.

Probably most accurate to say that both ways are not well supported.
In general, I always have a hard time with anything that isn't a
power-of-two size in gcc, because most maintainers have no reason to
even consider such cases.  There are even some fundamantal problems
I've run into, for example...

SIZE_TYPE is compared - with individual strcmp's! - against a fixed
set of C types, instead of using some sort of table lookup to support
non-power-of-two types.

P*type modes are not stored in the modes table with *type modes, but
the functions to get the "next bigger mode" blindly assumes that
mode[N+1] is the next mode, which ignores partial int modes
completely.

Operations with 3-byte PSImode end up using BLKmode sometimes.

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