Hi Soumya,

> -----Original Message-----
> From: [email protected] <[email protected]>
> Sent: 25 August 2025 12:00
> To: [email protected]
> Cc: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
> Subject: [v3 PATCH 4/6] aarch64: Enable parsing of user-provided AArch64
> CPU tuning parameters
> 
> From: Soumya AR <[email protected]>
> 
> This patch adds support for loading custom CPU tuning parameters from a
> JSON
> file for AArch64 targets. The '-muser-provided-CPU=' flag accepts a user
> provided JSON file and overrides the internal tuning parameters at GCC
> runtime.
> 
> This patch was bootstrapped and regtested on aarch64-linux-gnu, no
> regression.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Soumya AR <[email protected]>
> 
> gcc/ChangeLog:
> 
>       * config.gcc: Add aarch64-json-tunings-parser.o.
>       * config/aarch64/aarch64.cc (aarch64_override_options_internal):
> Invoke
>       aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json if -muser-provided-CPU= is
>       specified.
>       * config/aarch64/aarch64.opt: New option.
>       * config/aarch64/t-aarch64 (aarch64-json-tunings-parser.o): New
> define.
>       * selftest-run-tests.cc (selftest::run_tests): Add json_tunings_tests().
>       * selftest.h (json_tunings_tests): Declare.
>       * config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h: New file.
>       * config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc: New file.
>       * config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h: New file.
> ---
>  gcc/config.gcc                                |   2 +-
>  gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h      | 261 +++++
>  .../aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc    | 902 ++++++++++++++++++
>  .../aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h     |  29 +
>  gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc                 |  16 +
>  gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.opt                |   4 +
>  gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64                  |  10 +
>  gcc/selftest-run-tests.cc                     |   1 +
>  gcc/selftest.h                                |   1 +
>  9 files changed, 1225 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>  create mode 100644 gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h
>  create mode 100644 gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc
>  create mode 100644 gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h
> 
> diff --git a/gcc/config.gcc b/gcc/config.gcc
> index 698a7bb4b73..39790adb16a 100644
> --- a/gcc/config.gcc
> +++ b/gcc/config.gcc
> @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ aarch64*-*-*)
>       c_target_objs="aarch64-c.o"
>       cxx_target_objs="aarch64-c.o"
>       d_target_objs="aarch64-d.o"
> -     extra_objs="aarch64-builtins.o aarch-common.o aarch64-elf-
> metadata.o aarch64-sve-builtins.o aarch64-sve-builtins-shapes.o aarch64-
> sve-builtins-base.o aarch64-sve-builtins-sve2.o aarch64-sve-builtins-sme.o
> cortex-a57-fma-steering.o aarch64-speculation.o aarch-bti-insert.o aarch64-
> early-ra.o aarch64-ldp-fusion.o aarch64-json-tunings-printer.o"
> +     extra_objs="aarch64-builtins.o aarch-common.o aarch64-elf-
> metadata.o aarch64-sve-builtins.o aarch64-sve-builtins-shapes.o aarch64-
> sve-builtins-base.o aarch64-sve-builtins-sve2.o aarch64-sve-builtins-sme.o
> cortex-a57-fma-steering.o aarch64-speculation.o aarch-bti-insert.o aarch64-
> early-ra.o aarch64-ldp-fusion.o aarch64-json-tunings-printer.o aarch64-json-
> tunings-parser.o"
>       target_gtfiles="\$(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-protos.h
> \$(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-builtins.h
> \$(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-builtins.cc
> \$(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-sve-builtins.h
> \$(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-sve-builtins.cc"
>       target_has_targetm_common=yes
>       ;;
> diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h
> b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..873756b01a5
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
> +/* Raw JSON schema for the AArch64 tuning parameters.
> +   Copyright The GNU Toolchain Authors.

Same as the others the copyright year is missing.

I'm still going through the code, but notice we don't write a
gcc version out in the json.  But the parser is rather unforgiving
to mismatch in expected formats.  (i.e. we ICE).

I think we should write out the version, and reject reading in any
jsons where the versions don't match with a friendly error message.

Thanks,
Tamar

> +
> +   This file is part of GCC.
> +
> +   GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
> +   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
> +   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
> +   any later version.
> +
> +   GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
> +   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> +   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> +   General Public License for more details.
> +
> +   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
> +   along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
> +   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
> +
> +#ifndef AARCH64_JSON_SCHEMA_H
> +#define AARCH64_JSON_SCHEMA_H
> +
> +static const char *schema_json = R"json(
> +{
> +  "tune_params": {
> +    "insn_extra_cost": {
> +      "alu": {
> +     "arith": "int",
> +     "logical": "int",
> +     "shift": "int",
> +     "shift_reg": "int",
> +     "arith_shift": "int",
> +     "arith_shift_reg": "int",
> +     "log_shift": "int",
> +     "log_shift_reg": "int",
> +     "extend": "int",
> +     "extend_arith": "int",
> +     "bfi": "int",
> +     "bfx": "int",
> +     "clz": "int",
> +     "rev": "int",
> +     "non_exec": "int",
> +     "non_exec_costs_exec": "boolean"
> +      },
> +      "mult": [
> +     {
> +       "simple": "int",
> +       "flag_setting": "int",
> +       "extend": "int",
> +       "add": "int",
> +       "extend_add": "int",
> +       "idiv": "int"
> +     },
> +     {
> +       "simple": "int",
> +       "flag_setting": "int",
> +       "extend": "int",
> +       "add": "int",
> +       "extend_add": "int",
> +       "idiv": "int"
> +     }
> +      ],
> +      "ldst": {
> +     "load": "int",
> +     "load_sign_extend": "int",
> +     "ldrd": "int",
> +     "ldm_1st": "int",
> +     "ldm_regs_per_insn_1st": "int",
> +     "ldm_regs_per_insn_subsequent": "int",
> +     "loadf": "int",
> +     "loadd": "int",
> +     "load_unaligned": "int",
> +     "store": "int",
> +     "strd": "int",
> +     "stm_1st": "int",
> +     "stm_regs_per_insn_1st": "int",
> +     "stm_regs_per_insn_subsequent": "int",
> +     "storef": "int",
> +     "stored": "int",
> +     "store_unaligned": "int",
> +     "loadv": "int",
> +     "storev": "int"
> +      },
> +      "fp": [
> +     {
> +       "div": "int",
> +       "mult": "int",
> +       "mult_addsub": "int",
> +       "fma": "int",
> +       "addsub": "int",
> +       "fpconst": "int",
> +       "neg": "int",
> +       "compare": "int",
> +       "widen": "int",
> +       "narrow": "int",
> +       "toint": "int",
> +       "fromint": "int",
> +       "roundint": "int"
> +     },
> +     {
> +       "div": "int",
> +       "mult": "int",
> +       "mult_addsub": "int",
> +       "fma": "int",
> +       "addsub": "int",
> +       "fpconst": "int",
> +       "neg": "int",
> +       "compare": "int",
> +       "widen": "int",
> +       "narrow": "int",
> +       "toint": "int",
> +       "fromint": "int",
> +       "roundint": "int"
> +     }
> +      ],
> +      "vect": {
> +     "alu": "int",
> +     "mult": "int",
> +     "movi": "int",
> +     "dup": "int",
> +     "extract": "int"
> +      }
> +    },
> +    "addr_cost": {
> +      "addr_scale_costs": {
> +     "hi": "int",
> +     "si": "int",
> +     "di": "int",
> +     "ti": "int"
> +      },
> +      "pre_modify": "int",
> +      "post_modify": "int",
> +      "post_modify_ld3_st3": "int",
> +      "post_modify_ld4_st4": "int",
> +      "register_offset": "int",
> +      "register_sextend": "int",
> +      "register_zextend": "int",
> +      "imm_offset": "int"
> +    },
> +    "regmove_cost": {
> +      "GP2GP": "int",
> +      "GP2FP": "int",
> +      "FP2GP": "int",
> +      "FP2FP": "int"
> +    },
> +    "vec_costs": {
> +      "scalar_int_stmt_cost": "int",
> +      "scalar_fp_stmt_cost": "int",
> +      "scalar_load_cost": "int",
> +      "scalar_store_cost": "int",
> +      "cond_taken_branch_cost": "int",
> +      "cond_not_taken_branch_cost": "int",
> +      "advsimd": {
> +     "int_stmt_cost": "int",
> +     "fp_stmt_cost": "int",
> +     "ld2_st2_permute_cost": "int",
> +     "ld3_st3_permute_cost": "int",
> +     "ld4_st4_permute_cost": "int",
> +     "permute_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_i8_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_i16_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_i32_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_i64_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_f16_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_f32_cost": "int",
> +     "reduc_f64_cost": "int",
> +     "store_elt_extra_cost": "int",
> +     "vec_to_scalar_cost": "int",
> +     "scalar_to_vec_cost": "int",
> +     "align_load_cost": "int",
> +     "unalign_load_cost": "int",
> +     "unalign_store_cost": "int",
> +     "store_cost": "int"
> +      },
> +      "sve": {
> +     "clast_cost": "int",
> +     "fadda_f16_cost": "int",
> +     "fadda_f32_cost": "int",
> +     "fadda_f64_cost": "int",
> +     "gather_load_x32_cost": "uint",
> +     "gather_load_x64_cost": "uint",
> +     "gather_load_x32_init_cost": "int",
> +     "gather_load_x64_init_cost": "int",
> +     "scatter_store_elt_cost": "int"
> +      },
> +      "issue_info": {
> +     "scalar": {
> +       "loads_stores_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "stores_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "general_ops_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "fp_simd_load_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "fp_simd_store_general_ops": "uint"
> +     },
> +     "advsimd": {
> +       "loads_stores_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "stores_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "general_ops_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "fp_simd_load_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "fp_simd_store_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "ld2_st2_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "ld3_st3_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "ld4_st4_general_ops": "uint"
> +     },
> +     "sve": {
> +       "loads_stores_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "stores_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "general_ops_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "fp_simd_load_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "fp_simd_store_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "ld2_st2_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "ld3_st3_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "ld4_st4_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "pred_ops_per_cycle": "uint",
> +       "while_pred_ops": "uint",
> +       "int_cmp_pred_ops": "uint",
> +       "fp_cmp_pred_ops": "uint",
> +       "gather_scatter_pair_general_ops": "uint",
> +       "gather_scatter_pair_pred_ops": "uint"
> +     }
> +      }
> +    },
> +    "branch_costs": { "predictable": "int", "unpredictable": "int" },
> +    "approx_modes": { "division": "int", "sqrt": "int", "recip_sqrt": "int" 
> },
> +    "sve_width": "uint",
> +    "memmov_cost": {
> +      "load_int": "int",
> +      "store_int": "int",
> +      "load_fp": "int",
> +      "store_fp": "int",
> +      "load_pred": "int",
> +      "store_pred": "int"
> +    },
> +    "issue_rate": "int",
> +    "fusible_ops": "uint",
> +    "function_align": "string",
> +    "jump_align": "string",
> +    "loop_align": "string",
> +    "int_reassoc_width": "int",
> +    "fp_reassoc_width": "int",
> +    "fma_reassoc_width": "int",
> +    "vec_reassoc_width": "int",
> +    "min_div_recip_mul_sf": "int",
> +    "min_div_recip_mul_df": "int",
> +    "max_case_values": "uint",
> +    "autoprefetcher_model": "enum",
> +    "extra_tuning_flags": "uint",
> +    "prefetch": {
> +      "num_slots": "int",
> +      "l1_cache_size": "int",
> +      "l1_cache_line_size": "int",
> +      "l2_cache_size": "int",
> +      "prefetch_dynamic_strides": "boolean",
> +      "minimum_stride": "int",
> +      "default_opt_level": "int"
> +    },
> +    "ldp_policy_model": "enum",
> +    "stp_policy_model": "enum"
> +  }
> +})json";
> +
> +#endif
> \ No newline at end of file
> diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc
> b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..23e742d437f
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc
> @@ -0,0 +1,902 @@
> +/* Routines to parse the AArch64 tuning parameters from a JSON file.
> +   Copyright The GNU Toolchain Authors.
> +
> +   This file is part of GCC.
> +
> +   GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
> +   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
> +   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
> +   any later version.
> +
> +   GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
> +   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> +   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> +   General Public License for more details.
> +
> +   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
> +   along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
> +   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
> +
> +#define INCLUDE_STRING
> +#define INCLUDE_VECTOR
> +#define INCLUDE_TYPE_TRAITS
> +#include "config.h"
> +#include "system.h"
> +#include "coretypes.h"
> +#include "tm.h"
> +#include "diagnostic-core.h"
> +#include "json-parsing.h"
> +#include "aarch64-json-schema.h"
> +#include "aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h"
> +#include "aarch64-protos.h"
> +#include "config/arm/aarch-common-protos.h"
> +#include "selftest.h"
> +
> +#define PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD(obj, key, member)                                
>   \
> +  {                                                                          
>   \
> +    const json::value *val = obj->get (key);                                 
>   \
> +    if (val)                                                                 
>   \
> +      member = extract_integer (val);                                        
>   \
> +  }
> +
> +#define PARSE_BOOLEAN_FIELD(obj, key, member)                                
>   \
> +  {                                                                          
>   \
> +    const json::value *val = obj->get (key);                                 
>   \
> +    if (val)                                                                 
>   \
> +      member = extract_boolean (val);                                        
>   \
> +  }
> +
> +#define PARSE_STRING_FIELD(obj, key, member)                                 
>   \
> +  {                                                                          
>   \
> +    const json::value *val = obj->get (key);                                 
>   \
> +    if (val)                                                                 
>   \
> +      member = extract_string (val);                                         
>   \
> +  }
> +
> +#define PARSE_OBJECT(obj, key, member, parse_func)                           
>   \
> +  {                                                                          
>   \
> +    const json::value *field_value = obj->get (key);                         
>   \
> +    if (field_value)                                                         
>   \
> +      if (auto *field_obj = dyn_cast<const json::object *> (field_value))    
>   \
> +     parse_object_helper (field_obj, (member), (parse_func));               \
> +  }
> +
> +#define PARSE_ARRAY_FIELD(obj, key, member, parse_func)                      
>   \
> +  {                                                                          
>   \
> +    const json::value *field_value = obj->get (key);                         
>   \
> +    if (field_value)                                                         
>   \
> +      if (auto *field_array = dyn_cast<const json::array *> (field_value))   
>   \
> +     for (size_t i = 0; i < field_array->size (); ++i)                      \
> +       {                                                                    \
> +         const json::value *elem = field_array->get (i);                    \
> +         if (elem)                                                          \
> +           if (auto *array_obj = dyn_cast<const json::object *> (elem))     \
> +             parse_func (array_obj, member[i]);                             \
> +       }                                                                    \
> +  }
> +
> +#define PARSE_ENUM_FIELD(obj, key, member, mappings)                         
>   \
> +  parse_enum_field (obj, key, member, mappings,                              
>   \
> +                 sizeof (mappings) / sizeof (mappings[0]))
> +
> +/* Type alias for parse function pointer.  */
> +template <typename T>
> +using parse_func_type
> +  = void (*) (const json::object *,
> +           std::remove_const_t<std::remove_pointer_t<T>> &);
> +
> +/* Parse JSON object into non-pointer member type.  */
> +template <typename T>
> +static std::enable_if_t<!std::is_pointer<T>::value>
> +parse_object_helper (const json::object *field_obj, T &member,
> +                  parse_func_type<T> parse_func)
> +{
> +  parse_func (field_obj, member);
> +}
> +
> +/* Parse JSON object into a const pointer member by creating a temp copy.
> */
> +template <typename T>
> +static std::enable_if_t<std::is_pointer<T>::value
> +                     && std::is_const<std::remove_pointer_t<T>>::value>
> +parse_object_helper (const json::object *field_obj, T &member,
> +                  parse_func_type<T> parse_func)
> +{
> +  if (!member)
> +    return;
> +
> +  /* Use static storage for the non-const copy.
> +     This works because tune_params does not have nested structures of the
> +     same type, but has room for errors if we end up having pointers to the
> +     same structure at some point.  */
> +  static bool already_initialized = false;
> +  if (already_initialized)
> +    {
> +      error ("static storage conflict - multiple pointer members of the "
> +          "same type cannot be parsed");
> +      return;
> +    }
> +  already_initialized = true;
> +  using NonConstType = std::remove_const_t<std::remove_pointer_t<T>>;
> +  static NonConstType new_obj = *member;
> +  parse_func (field_obj, new_obj);
> +  member = &new_obj;
> +}
> +
> +/* Extract string value from JSON, returning allocated C string.  */
> +char *
> +extract_string (const json::value *val)
> +{
> +  if (auto *string_val = dyn_cast<const json::string *> (val))
> +    return xstrdup (string_val->get_string ());
> +  warning (0, "expected a string but got something else or NULL");
> +  return nullptr;
> +}
> +
> +/* Extract integer value from JSON.  */
> +int
> +extract_integer (const json::value *val)
> +{
> +  if (auto *int_val = dyn_cast<const json::integer_number *> (val))
> +    {
> +      long value = int_val->get ();
> +      if (value > INT_MAX)
> +     {
> +       error ("value exceeds %<INT_MAX%>");
> +       return 0;
> +     }
> +      return value;
> +    }
> +  warning (0, "expected an integer value but got something else or NULL");
> +  return 0;
> +}
> +
> +/* Extract boolean value from JSON literal.  */
> +bool
> +extract_boolean (const json::value *val)
> +{
> +  if (auto *literal_val = dyn_cast<const json::literal *> (val))
> +    {
> +      json::kind kind = literal_val->get_kind ();
> +      if (kind == json::JSON_TRUE || kind == json::JSON_FALSE)
> +     return (kind == json::JSON_TRUE);
> +    }
> +  warning (0, "expected a boolean value but got something else or NULL");
> +  return false;
> +}
> +
> +template <typename EnumType> struct enum_mapping
> +{
> +  const char *name;
> +  EnumType value;
> +};
> +
> +/* Parse JSON string field into enum value using string-to-enum mappings.
> */
> +template <typename EnumType>
> +static void
> +parse_enum_field (const json::object *jo, const std::string &key,
> +               EnumType &enum_var, const enum_mapping<EnumType>
> *mappings,
> +               size_t num_mappings)
> +{
> +  const json::value *field_value = jo->get (key.c_str ());
> +  if (!field_value)
> +    return;
> +
> +  auto *string_val = dyn_cast<const json::string *> (field_value);
> +  if (!string_val)
> +    {
> +      warning (0, "expected string for enum field %s", key.c_str ());
> +      enum_var = mappings[0].value;
> +      return;
> +    }
> +
> +  const char *field_string = string_val->get_string ();
> +  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_mappings; ++i)
> +    {
> +      if (strcmp (field_string, mappings[i].name) == 0)
> +     {
> +       enum_var = mappings[i].value;
> +       return;
> +     }
> +    }
> +
> +  warning (0, "%s not recognized, defaulting to %qs", key.c_str (),
> +        mappings[0].name);
> +  enum_var = mappings[0].value;
> +}
> +
> +/* Enum mappings for known tuning parameter enums.  */
> +static const enum_mapping<tune_params::aarch64_autoprefetch_model>
> +  autoprefetcher_model_mappings[]
> +  = {{"AUTOPREFETCHER_OFF", tune_params::AUTOPREFETCHER_OFF},
> +     {"AUTOPREFETCHER_WEAK", tune_params::AUTOPREFETCHER_WEAK},
> +     {"AUTOPREFETCHER_STRONG",
> tune_params::AUTOPREFETCHER_STRONG}};
> +
> +static const enum_mapping<aarch64_ldp_stp_policy>
> ldp_policy_model_mappings[]
> +  = {{"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_DEFAULT",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_DEFAULT},
> +     {"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALIGNED",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALIGNED},
> +     {"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALWAYS",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALWAYS},
> +     {"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_NEVER",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_NEVER}};
> +
> +static const enum_mapping<aarch64_ldp_stp_policy>
> stp_policy_model_mappings[]
> +  = {{"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_DEFAULT",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_DEFAULT},
> +     {"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALIGNED",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALIGNED},
> +     {"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALWAYS",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_ALWAYS},
> +     {"AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_NEVER",
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_NEVER}};
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_insn_extra_cost_alu (const json::object *jo, T &alu)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "arith", alu.arith);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "logical", alu.logical);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "shift", alu.shift);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "shift_reg", alu.shift_reg);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "arith_shift", alu.arith_shift);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "arith_shift_reg", alu.arith_shift_reg);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "log_shift", alu.log_shift);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "log_shift_reg", alu.log_shift_reg);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "extend", alu.extend);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "extend_arith", alu.extend_arith);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "bfi", alu.bfi);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "bfx", alu.bfx);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "clz", alu.clz);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "rev", alu.rev);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "non_exec", alu.non_exec);
> +  PARSE_BOOLEAN_FIELD (jo, "non_exec_costs_exec",
> alu.non_exec_costs_exec);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_insn_extra_cost_mult_element (const json::object *jo, T
> &mult_element)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "simple", mult_element.simple);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "flag_setting", mult_element.flag_setting);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "extend", mult_element.extend);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "add", mult_element.add);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "extend_add", mult_element.extend_add);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "idiv", mult_element.idiv);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_insn_extra_cost_ldst (const json::object *jo, T &ldst)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "load", ldst.load);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "load_sign_extend", ldst.load_sign_extend);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ldrd", ldst.ldrd);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ldm_1st", ldst.ldm_1st);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ldm_regs_per_insn_1st",
> ldst.ldm_regs_per_insn_1st);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ldm_regs_per_insn_subsequent",
> +                    ldst.ldm_regs_per_insn_subsequent);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "loadf", ldst.loadf);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "loadd", ldst.loadd);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "load_unaligned", ldst.load_unaligned);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store", ldst.store);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "strd", ldst.strd);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stm_1st", ldst.stm_1st);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stm_regs_per_insn_1st",
> ldst.stm_regs_per_insn_1st);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stm_regs_per_insn_subsequent",
> +                    ldst.stm_regs_per_insn_subsequent);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "storef", ldst.storef);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stored", ldst.stored);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store_unaligned", ldst.store_unaligned);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "loadv", ldst.loadv);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "storev", ldst.storev);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_insn_extra_cost_fp_element (const json::object *jo, T &fp_element)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "div", fp_element.div);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "mult", fp_element.mult);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "mult_addsub", fp_element.mult_addsub);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fma", fp_element.fma);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "addsub", fp_element.addsub);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fpconst", fp_element.fpconst);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "neg", fp_element.neg);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "compare", fp_element.compare);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "widen", fp_element.widen);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "narrow", fp_element.narrow);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "toint", fp_element.toint);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fromint", fp_element.fromint);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "roundint", fp_element.roundint);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_insn_extra_cost_vect (const json::object *jo, T &vect)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "alu", vect.alu);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "mult", vect.mult);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "movi", vect.movi);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "dup", vect.dup);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "extract", vect.extract);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_addr_cost_addr_scale_costs (const json::object *jo, T
> &addr_scale_costs)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "hi", addr_scale_costs.hi);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "si", addr_scale_costs.si);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "di", addr_scale_costs.di);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ti", addr_scale_costs.ti);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_regmove_cost (const json::object *jo, T &regmove_cost)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "GP2GP", regmove_cost.GP2GP);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "GP2FP", regmove_cost.GP2FP);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "FP2GP", regmove_cost.FP2GP);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "FP2FP", regmove_cost.FP2FP);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs_advsimd (const json::object *jo, T &advsimd)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "int_stmt_cost", advsimd.int_stmt_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_stmt_cost", advsimd.fp_stmt_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld2_st2_permute_cost",
> +                    advsimd.ld2_st2_permute_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld3_st3_permute_cost",
> +                    advsimd.ld3_st3_permute_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld4_st4_permute_cost",
> +                    advsimd.ld4_st4_permute_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "permute_cost", advsimd.permute_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_i8_cost", advsimd.reduc_i8_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_i16_cost", advsimd.reduc_i16_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_i32_cost", advsimd.reduc_i32_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_i64_cost", advsimd.reduc_i64_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_f16_cost", advsimd.reduc_f16_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_f32_cost", advsimd.reduc_f32_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "reduc_f64_cost", advsimd.reduc_f64_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store_elt_extra_cost",
> +                    advsimd.store_elt_extra_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "vec_to_scalar_cost",
> advsimd.vec_to_scalar_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "scalar_to_vec_cost",
> advsimd.scalar_to_vec_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "align_load_cost", advsimd.align_load_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "unalign_load_cost",
> advsimd.unalign_load_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "unalign_store_cost",
> advsimd.unalign_store_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store_cost", advsimd.store_cost);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs_sve (const json::object *jo, T &sve)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "clast_cost", sve.clast_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fadda_f16_cost", sve.fadda_f16_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fadda_f32_cost", sve.fadda_f32_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fadda_f64_cost", sve.fadda_f64_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "gather_load_x32_cost",
> sve.gather_load_x32_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "gather_load_x64_cost",
> sve.gather_load_x64_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "gather_load_x32_init_cost",
> +                    sve.gather_load_x32_init_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "gather_load_x64_init_cost",
> +                    sve.gather_load_x64_init_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "scatter_store_elt_cost",
> +                    sve.scatter_store_elt_cost);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs_issue_info_scalar (const json::object *jo, T &scalar)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "loads_stores_per_cycle",
> +                    scalar.loads_stores_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stores_per_cycle", scalar.stores_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "general_ops_per_cycle",
> +                    scalar.general_ops_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_simd_load_general_ops",
> +                    scalar.fp_simd_load_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_simd_store_general_ops",
> +                    scalar.fp_simd_store_general_ops);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs_issue_info_advsimd (const json::object *jo, T &advsimd)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "loads_stores_per_cycle",
> +                    advsimd.loads_stores_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stores_per_cycle", advsimd.stores_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "general_ops_per_cycle",
> +                    advsimd.general_ops_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_simd_load_general_ops",
> +                    advsimd.fp_simd_load_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_simd_store_general_ops",
> +                    advsimd.fp_simd_store_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld2_st2_general_ops",
> advsimd.ld2_st2_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld3_st3_general_ops",
> advsimd.ld3_st3_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld4_st4_general_ops",
> advsimd.ld4_st4_general_ops);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs_issue_info_sve (const json::object *jo, T &sve)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "loads_stores_per_cycle",
> +                    sve.loads_stores_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "stores_per_cycle", sve.stores_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "general_ops_per_cycle",
> sve.general_ops_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_simd_load_general_ops",
> +                    sve.fp_simd_load_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_simd_store_general_ops",
> +                    sve.fp_simd_store_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld2_st2_general_ops",
> sve.ld2_st2_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld3_st3_general_ops",
> sve.ld3_st3_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "ld4_st4_general_ops",
> sve.ld4_st4_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "pred_ops_per_cycle", sve.pred_ops_per_cycle);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "while_pred_ops", sve.while_pred_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "int_cmp_pred_ops", sve.int_cmp_pred_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_cmp_pred_ops", sve.fp_cmp_pred_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "gather_scatter_pair_general_ops",
> +                    sve.gather_scatter_pair_general_ops);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "gather_scatter_pair_pred_ops",
> +                    sve.gather_scatter_pair_pred_ops);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_branch_costs (const json::object *jo, T &branch_costs)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "predictable", branch_costs.predictable);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "unpredictable", branch_costs.unpredictable);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_approx_modes (const json::object *jo, T &approx_modes)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "division", approx_modes.division);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "sqrt", approx_modes.sqrt);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "recip_sqrt", approx_modes.recip_sqrt);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_memmov_cost (const json::object *jo, T &memmov_cost)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "load_int", memmov_cost.load_int);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store_int", memmov_cost.store_int);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "load_fp", memmov_cost.load_fp);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store_fp", memmov_cost.store_fp);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "load_pred", memmov_cost.load_pred);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "store_pred", memmov_cost.store_pred);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_prefetch (const json::object *jo, T &prefetch)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "num_slots", prefetch.num_slots);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "l1_cache_size", prefetch.l1_cache_size);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "l1_cache_line_size",
> prefetch.l1_cache_line_size);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "l2_cache_size", prefetch.l2_cache_size);
> +  PARSE_BOOLEAN_FIELD (jo, "prefetch_dynamic_strides",
> +                    prefetch.prefetch_dynamic_strides);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "minimum_stride", prefetch.minimum_stride);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "default_opt_level", prefetch.default_opt_level);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_insn_extra_cost (const json::object *jo, T &insn_extra_cost)
> +{
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "alu", insn_extra_cost.alu, parse_insn_extra_cost_alu);
> +  PARSE_ARRAY_FIELD (jo, "mult", insn_extra_cost.mult,
> +                  parse_insn_extra_cost_mult_element);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "ldst", insn_extra_cost.ldst,
> parse_insn_extra_cost_ldst);
> +  PARSE_ARRAY_FIELD (jo, "fp", insn_extra_cost.fp,
> +                  parse_insn_extra_cost_fp_element);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "vect", insn_extra_cost.vect,
> parse_insn_extra_cost_vect);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_addr_cost (const json::object *jo, T &addr_cost)
> +{
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "addr_scale_costs", addr_cost.addr_scale_costs,
> +             parse_addr_cost_addr_scale_costs);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "pre_modify", addr_cost.pre_modify);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "post_modify", addr_cost.post_modify);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "post_modify_ld3_st3",
> +                    addr_cost.post_modify_ld3_st3);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "post_modify_ld4_st4",
> +                    addr_cost.post_modify_ld4_st4);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "register_offset", addr_cost.register_offset);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "register_sextend", addr_cost.register_sextend);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "register_zextend", addr_cost.register_zextend);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "imm_offset", addr_cost.imm_offset);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs_issue_info (const json::object *jo, T &issue_info)
> +{
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "scalar", issue_info.scalar,
> +             parse_vec_costs_issue_info_scalar);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "advsimd", issue_info.advsimd,
> +             parse_vec_costs_issue_info_advsimd);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "sve", issue_info.sve, parse_vec_costs_issue_info_sve);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_vec_costs (const json::object *jo, T &vec_costs)
> +{
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "scalar_int_stmt_cost",
> +                    vec_costs.scalar_int_stmt_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "scalar_fp_stmt_cost",
> +                    vec_costs.scalar_fp_stmt_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "scalar_load_cost", vec_costs.scalar_load_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "scalar_store_cost",
> vec_costs.scalar_store_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "cond_taken_branch_cost",
> +                    vec_costs.cond_taken_branch_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "cond_not_taken_branch_cost",
> +                    vec_costs.cond_not_taken_branch_cost);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "advsimd", vec_costs.advsimd,
> parse_vec_costs_advsimd);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "sve", vec_costs.sve, parse_vec_costs_sve);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "issue_info", vec_costs.issue_info,
> +             parse_vec_costs_issue_info);
> +}
> +
> +template <typename T>
> +static void
> +parse_tunings (const json::object *jo, T &tunings)
> +{
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "insn_extra_cost", tunings.insn_extra_cost,
> +             parse_insn_extra_cost);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "addr_cost", tunings.addr_cost, parse_addr_cost);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "regmove_cost", tunings.regmove_cost,
> parse_regmove_cost);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "vec_costs", tunings.vec_costs, parse_vec_costs);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "branch_costs", tunings.branch_costs,
> parse_branch_costs);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "approx_modes", tunings.approx_modes,
> parse_approx_modes);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "sve_width", tunings.sve_width);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "memmov_cost", tunings.memmov_cost,
> parse_memmov_cost);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "issue_rate", tunings.issue_rate);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fusible_ops", tunings.fusible_ops);
> +  PARSE_STRING_FIELD (jo, "function_align", tunings.function_align);
> +  PARSE_STRING_FIELD (jo, "jump_align", tunings.jump_align);
> +  PARSE_STRING_FIELD (jo, "loop_align", tunings.loop_align);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "int_reassoc_width",
> tunings.int_reassoc_width);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fp_reassoc_width", tunings.fp_reassoc_width);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "fma_reassoc_width",
> tunings.fma_reassoc_width);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "vec_reassoc_width",
> tunings.vec_reassoc_width);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "min_div_recip_mul_sf",
> +                    tunings.min_div_recip_mul_sf);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "min_div_recip_mul_df",
> +                    tunings.min_div_recip_mul_df);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "max_case_values", tunings.max_case_values);
> +  PARSE_ENUM_FIELD (jo, "autoprefetcher_model",
> tunings.autoprefetcher_model,
> +                 autoprefetcher_model_mappings);
> +  PARSE_INTEGER_FIELD (jo, "extra_tuning_flags",
> tunings.extra_tuning_flags);
> +  PARSE_OBJECT (jo, "prefetch", tunings.prefetch, parse_prefetch);
> +  PARSE_ENUM_FIELD (jo, "ldp_policy_model", tunings.ldp_policy_model,
> +                 ldp_policy_model_mappings);
> +  PARSE_ENUM_FIELD (jo, "stp_policy_model", tunings.stp_policy_model,
> +                 stp_policy_model_mappings);
> +}
> +
> +/* Validate the user provided JSON data against the present schema.
> +   Checks for correct types, fields, and expected format.  */
> +static bool
> +validate_and_traverse (const json::object *json_obj,
> +                    const json::object *schema_obj,
> +                    const std::string &parent_key = "")
> +{
> +  for (const auto &json_entry : json_obj->get_map ())
> +    {
> +      const std::string &key = json_entry.first;
> +      const json::value *json_value = json_entry.second;
> +
> +      std::string full_key = parent_key.empty () ? key : parent_key + "." + 
> key;
> +
> +      const json::value *schema_value = schema_obj->get (key.c_str ());
> +      if (!schema_value)
> +     {
> +       warning (0, "key %qs is not a tuning parameter, skipping",
> +                full_key.c_str ());
> +       continue;
> +     }
> +
> +      if (auto *sub_schema_obj = dyn_cast<const json::object *>
> (schema_value))
> +     {
> +       if (auto *sub_json_obj = dyn_cast<const json::object *>
> (json_value))
> +         {
> +           if (!validate_and_traverse (sub_json_obj, sub_schema_obj,
> +                                       full_key))
> +             return false;
> +         }
> +       else
> +         {
> +           error ("key %qs expected to be an object", full_key.c_str ());
> +           return false;
> +         }
> +     }
> +      else if (schema_value->get_kind () == json::JSON_ARRAY)
> +     {
> +       if (json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_ARRAY)
> +         {
> +           error ("key %qs expected to be an array", full_key.c_str ());
> +           return false;
> +         }
> +     }
> +      else if (auto *schema_string
> +            = dyn_cast<const json::string *> (schema_value))
> +     {
> +       const char *schema_type_str = schema_string->get_string ();
> +
> +       if (strcmp (schema_type_str, "int") == 0)
> +         {
> +           if (json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_INTEGER)
> +             {
> +               error ("key %qs expected to be an integer",
> +                      full_key.c_str ());
> +               return false;
> +             }
> +         }
> +       else if (strcmp (schema_type_str, "uint") == 0)
> +         {
> +           if (json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_INTEGER
> +               || extract_integer (json_value) < 0)
> +             {
> +               error ("key %qs expected to be an unsigned integer",
> +                      full_key.c_str ());
> +               return false;
> +             }
> +         }
> +       else if (strcmp (schema_type_str, "string") == 0)
> +         {
> +           if (json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_STRING)
> +             {
> +               error ("key %qs expected to be a string", full_key.c_str ());
> +               return false;
> +             }
> +         }
> +       else if (strcmp (schema_type_str, "boolean") == 0)
> +         {
> +           if (json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_TRUE
> +               && json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_FALSE)
> +             {
> +               error ("key %qs expected to be a boolean (true/false)",
> +                      full_key.c_str ());
> +               return false;
> +             }
> +         }
> +       else if (strcmp (schema_type_str, "enum") == 0)
> +         {
> +           if (json_value->get_kind () != json::JSON_STRING)
> +             {
> +               error ("key %qs expected to be an enum (string)",
> +                      full_key.c_str ());
> +               return false;
> +             }
> +         }
> +       else
> +         {
> +           error ("key %qs has unsupported type", full_key.c_str ());
> +           return false;
> +         }
> +     }
> +      else
> +     {
> +       error ("key %qs has unexpected format in schema", full_key.c_str ());
> +       return false;
> +     }
> +    }
> +  return true;
> +}
> +
> +/* Helper routine for reading the provided JSON file.  */
> +static std::unique_ptr<std::vector<char>>
> +read_file (const char *path)
> +{
> +  FILE *f_in = fopen (path, "r");
> +  if (!f_in)
> +    {
> +      error ("could not open file %s", path);
> +      return nullptr;
> +    }
> +
> +  auto result = std::make_unique<std::vector<char>> ();
> +  char buf[4096];
> +
> +  while (size_t iter_sz_in = fread (buf, 1, sizeof (buf), f_in))
> +    result->insert (result->end (), buf, buf + iter_sz_in);
> +
> +  if (!feof (f_in))
> +    {
> +      error ("error reading file %s", path);
> +      fclose (f_in);
> +      return nullptr;
> +    }
> +
> +  fclose (f_in);
> +  result->push_back ('\0');
> +  return result;
> +}
> +
> +/* Main routine for setting up the parsing of JSON data.  */
> +void
> +aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string (const char *json_string,
> +                                          const char *schema_string,
> +                                          struct tune_params *tune)
> +{
> +  /* Try parsing the JSON string.  */
> +  json::parser_result_t data_result
> +    = json::parse_utf8_string (strlen (json_string), json_string, true,
> +                            nullptr);
> +
> +  if (auto json_err = data_result.m_err.get ())
> +    {
> +      error ("error parsing JSON data: %s", json_err->get_msg ());
> +      return;
> +    }
> +
> +  const std::unique_ptr<json::value> &root = data_result.m_val;
> +  if (!root)
> +    {
> +      error ("JSON parsing returned null data");
> +      return;
> +    }
> +  auto *root_obj = dyn_cast<const json::object *> (root.get ());
> +  if (!root_obj)
> +    {
> +      warning (0, "no JSON object found in the provided data");
> +      return;
> +    }
> +
> +  json::parser_result_t schema_result
> +    = json::parse_utf8_string (strlen (schema_string), schema_string, true,
> +                            nullptr);
> +
> +  gcc_assert (!schema_result.m_err.get ());
> +  gcc_assert (schema_result.m_val);
> +
> +  auto *schema_obj
> +    = dyn_cast<const json::object *> (schema_result.m_val.get ());
> +  gcc_assert (schema_obj);
> +
> +  const json::value *tune_params_value = root_obj->get ("tune_params");
> +  if (!tune_params_value)
> +    {
> +      warning (0, "key %<tune_params%> not found in JSON data");
> +      return;
> +    }
> +
> +  auto *jo = dyn_cast<const json::object *> (tune_params_value);
> +  if (!jo)
> +    {
> +      error ("key %<tune_params%> is not a JSON object");
> +      return;
> +    }
> +
> +  if (!validate_and_traverse (root_obj, schema_obj))
> +    {
> +      error ("validation failed for the provided JSON data");
> +      return;
> +    }
> +
> +  parse_tunings (jo, *tune);
> +  return;
> +}
> +
> +/* Wrapper for calling aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string.  */
> +void
> +aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json (const char *data_filename,
> +                                   struct tune_params *tune)
> +{
> +  std::unique_ptr<std::vector<char>> json_data = read_file (data_filename);
> +  if (!json_data || !json_data->data ())
> +    {
> +      error ("cannot read JSON data in %s", data_filename);
> +      return;
> +    }
> +  aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string (
> +    (const char *) json_data->data (), schema_json, tune);
> +}
> +
> +/* Self-tests to check if the values populated to the tune_params structure
> +   are correct.  */
> +
> +#if CHECKING_P
> +namespace selftest {
> +
> +void
> +test_json_integers ()
> +{
> +  const char *test_json = R"json({
> +     "tune_params": {
> +       "sve_width": 256,
> +       "issue_rate": 4
> +     }
> +    })json";
> +
> +  tune_params params;
> +
> +  aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string (test_json, schema_json,
> &params);
> +
> +  ASSERT_EQ (params.sve_width, 256);
> +  ASSERT_EQ (params.issue_rate, 4);
> +}
> +
> +void
> +test_json_boolean ()
> +{
> +  const char *test_json = R"json({
> +     "tune_params": {
> +         "insn_extra_cost": {
> +             "alu": {
> +                 "non_exec_costs_exec": false
> +             }
> +         }
> +     }
> +    })json";
> +
> +  static const cpu_cost_table default_cost_table = {};
> +
> +  tune_params params;
> +  params.insn_extra_cost = &default_cost_table;
> +
> +  aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string (test_json, schema_json,
> &params);
> +
> +  ASSERT_EQ (params.insn_extra_cost->alu.non_exec_costs_exec, false);
> +}
> +
> +void
> +test_json_strings ()
> +{
> +  const char *test_json = R"json({
> +     "tune_params": {
> +         "function_align": "16",
> +         "jump_align": "2",
> +         "loop_align": "8"
> +     }
> +    })json";
> +
> +  tune_params params;
> +
> +  aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string (test_json, schema_json,
> &params);
> +
> +  ASSERT_STREQ (params.function_align, "16");
> +  ASSERT_STREQ (params.jump_align, "2");
> +  ASSERT_STREQ (params.loop_align, "8");
> +}
> +
> +void
> +test_json_enums ()
> +{
> +  const char *test_json = R"json({
> +     "tune_params": {
> +         "autoprefetcher_model": "AUTOPREFETCHER_OFF",
> +         "ldp_policy_model": "AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_NEVER",
> +         "stp_policy_model": "AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_DEFAULT"
> +     }
> +    })json";
> +
> +  tune_params params;
> +
> +  aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json_string (test_json, schema_json,
> &params);
> +
> +  ASSERT_EQ (params.autoprefetcher_model,
> tune_params::AUTOPREFETCHER_OFF);
> +  ASSERT_EQ (params.ldp_policy_model,
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_NEVER);
> +  ASSERT_EQ (params.stp_policy_model,
> AARCH64_LDP_STP_POLICY_DEFAULT);
> +}
> +
> +void
> +json_tunings_tests ()
> +{
> +  test_json_integers ();
> +  test_json_boolean ();
> +  test_json_strings ();
> +  test_json_enums ();
> +}
> +
> +} // namespace selftest
> +
> +#endif /* CHECKING_P */
> \ No newline at end of file
> diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h
> b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 00000000000..3c5cd4c3c20
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
> +/* Routines to parse the AArch64 tuning parameters from a JSON file.
> +   Copyright The GNU Toolchain Authors.
> +
> +   This file is part of GCC.
> +
> +   GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
> +   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
> +   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
> +   any later version.
> +
> +   GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
> +   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> +   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> +   General Public License for more details.
> +
> +   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
> +   along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
> +   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
> +
> +#ifndef AARCH64_JSON_TUNINGS_PARSER_H
> +#define AARCH64_JSON_TUNINGS_PARSER_H
> +
> +#include "aarch64-protos.h"
> +
> +void
> +aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json (const char *data_filename,
> +                                   struct tune_params *tune);
> +
> +#endif
> \ No newline at end of file
> diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc
> index 198820b5e5f..a22369cfcb8 100644
> --- a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc
> +++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.cc
> @@ -99,6 +99,7 @@
>  #include "ipa-fnsummary.h"
>  #include "hash-map.h"
>  #include "aarch64-json-tunings-printer.h"
> +#include "aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h"
> 
>  /* This file should be included last.  */
>  #include "target-def.h"
> @@ -19006,6 +19007,21 @@ aarch64_override_options_internal (struct
> gcc_options *opts)
>      aarch64_parse_override_string (opts->x_aarch64_override_tune_string,
>                                  &aarch64_tune_params);
> 
> +  /* We need to parse the JSON file only once per program execution.  */
> +  if (opts->x_muser_provided_CPU)
> +    {
> +      static bool json_parsed = false;
> +      static struct tune_params aarch64_json_params;
> +      if (!json_parsed)
> +     {
> +       aarch64_json_params = *(tune->tune);
> +       aarch64_load_tuning_params_from_json (opts-
> >x_muser_provided_CPU,
> +                                             &aarch64_json_params);
> +       json_parsed = true;
> +     }
> +      aarch64_tune_params = aarch64_json_params;
> +    }
> +
>    if (opts->x_aarch64_ldp_policy_param)
>      aarch64_tune_params.ldp_policy_model = opts-
> >x_aarch64_ldp_policy_param;
> 
> diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.opt
> b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.opt
> index fd9864cc670..1735d2debe5 100644
> --- a/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.opt
> +++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/aarch64.opt
> @@ -192,6 +192,10 @@ fdump-tuning-model=
>  Target Undocumented RejectNegative Negative(fdump-tuning-model=)
> Joined Var(fdump_tuning_model)
>  -fdump-tuning-model=<filename> Dump current tuning model to a JSON file.
> 
> +muser-provided-CPU=
> +Target Undocumented RejectNegative Negative(muser-provided-CPU=)
> Joined Var(muser_provided_CPU)
> +-muser-provided-CPU=<json-tuning-file> User specific CPU tunings.
> +
>  moverride=
>  Target RejectNegative ToLower Joined Var(aarch64_override_tune_string)
> Save
>  -moverride=<string>  Power users only! Override CPU optimization
> parameters.
> diff --git a/gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64 b/gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64
> index fe95eaee116..ce1e54aba2f 100644
> --- a/gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64
> +++ b/gcc/config/aarch64/t-aarch64
> @@ -211,6 +211,16 @@ aarch64-json-tunings-printer.o:
> $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-pr
>       $(COMPILER) -c $(ALL_COMPILERFLAGS) $(ALL_CPPFLAGS)
> $(INCLUDES) \
>               $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-printer.cc
> 
> +aarch64-json-tunings-parser.o: $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-
> tunings-parser.cc \
> +    $(CONFIG_H) $(SYSTEM_H) $(CORETYPES_H) $(TM_H)
> $(DIAGNOSTIC_CORE_H) \
> +    json-parsing.h \
> +    $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-schema.h \
> +    $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.h \
> +    $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-protos.h \
> +    $(srcdir)/config/arm/aarch-common-protos.h
> +     $(COMPILER) -c $(ALL_COMPILERFLAGS) $(ALL_CPPFLAGS)
> $(INCLUDES) \
> +             $(srcdir)/config/aarch64/aarch64-json-tunings-parser.cc
> +
>  comma=,
>  MULTILIB_OPTIONS    = $(subst $(comma),/, $(patsubst %, mabi=%, $(subst
> $(comma),$(comma)mabi=,$(TM_MULTILIB_CONFIG))))
>  MULTILIB_DIRNAMES   = $(subst $(comma), ,$(TM_MULTILIB_CONFIG))
> diff --git a/gcc/selftest-run-tests.cc b/gcc/selftest-run-tests.cc
> index c68d3e79a31..e060f260a46 100644
> --- a/gcc/selftest-run-tests.cc
> +++ b/gcc/selftest-run-tests.cc
> @@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ selftest::run_tests ()
>    opts_cc_tests ();
>    json_cc_tests ();
>    json_parser_cc_tests ();
> +  json_tunings_tests ();
>    cgraph_cc_tests ();
>    optinfo_emit_json_cc_tests ();
>    ordered_hash_map_tests_cc_tests ();
> diff --git a/gcc/selftest.h b/gcc/selftest.h
> index 4501d34181c..7a2fb3d14f1 100644
> --- a/gcc/selftest.h
> +++ b/gcc/selftest.h
> @@ -239,6 +239,7 @@ extern void input_cc_tests ();
>  extern void ipa_modref_tree_cc_tests ();
>  extern void json_cc_tests ();
>  extern void json_parser_cc_tests ();
> +extern void json_tunings_tests ();
>  extern void opt_suggestions_cc_tests ();
>  extern void optinfo_emit_json_cc_tests ();
>  extern void opts_cc_tests ();
> --
> 2.44.0

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