Bootstrapped and regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, does this look OK
for trunk?

-- >8 --

Here we're tripping over the assert in extract_locals_r which enforces
that an extra-args tree appearing inside another extra-args tree doesn't
actually have extra args.  This invariant no longer always holds for
lambdas (which recently gained the extra-args mechanism), but it should
be safe to just disable the assert for them since cp_walk_subtrees doesn't
walk LAMBDA_EXPR_EXTRA_ARGS and so should be immune to the PR114303 issue
for now.

        PR c++/117054

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * pt.cc (extract_locals_r): Disable tree_extra_args assert
        for LAMBDA_EXPR.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

        * g++.dg/cpp2a/lambda-targ9.C: New test.
---
 gcc/cp/pt.cc                              |  7 ++++++-
 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/lambda-targ9.C | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/lambda-targ9.C

diff --git a/gcc/cp/pt.cc b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
index c7cbf6df26c..b90447ae6a2 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/pt.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/pt.cc
@@ -13479,7 +13479,12 @@ extract_locals_r (tree *tp, int *walk_subtrees, void 
*data_)
        outermost tree.  Nested *_EXTRA_ARGS should naturally be empty since
        the outermost (extra-args) tree will intercept any substitution before
        a nested tree can.  */
-    gcc_checking_assert (tree_extra_args (*tp) == NULL_TREE);
+    gcc_checking_assert (tree_extra_args (*tp) == NULL_TREE
+                       /* Except a lambda nested inside an extra-args tree
+                          can have extra args if we deferred partial
+                          substitution into it at template parse time.  But
+                          we don't walk LAMBDA_EXPR_EXTRA_ARGS anyway.  */
+                        || TREE_CODE (*tp) == LAMBDA_EXPR);
 
   if (TREE_CODE (*tp) == DECL_EXPR)
     {
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/lambda-targ9.C 
b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/lambda-targ9.C
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00dd4b2406e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/lambda-targ9.C
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// PR c++/117054
+// { dg-do compile { target c++20 } }
+
+template<auto = [] {}>
+constexpr bool a = true;
+
+template<typename>
+void f() {
+  [](auto) {
+    if constexpr (a<>) {}
+  };
+}
+
+int main() {
+  f<int>();
+}
-- 
2.47.0.72.gef8ce8f3d4

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