Hi!
The following patch implements the easy parts of the paper.
When @$` are added to the basic character set, it means that
R"@$`()@$`" should now be valid (here I've noticed most of the
raw string tests were tested solely with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11
and I've tried to change that), and on the other side even if
by extension $ is allowed in identifiers, \u0024 or \U00000024
or \u{24} should not be, similarly how \u0041 is not allowed.
Bootstrapped/regtested on x86_64-linux and i686-linux, ok for trunk?
The paper in 3.1 claims though that
#include <stdio.h>
#define STR(x) #x
int main()
{
printf("%s", STR(\u0060)); // U+0060 is ` GRAVE ACCENT
}
should have been accepted before this paper (and rejected after it),
but g++ rejects it.
I've tried to understand it, but am confused on what is the right
behavior and why.
Consider
#define STR(x) #x
const char *a = "\u00b7";
const char *b = STR(\u00b7);
const char *c = "\u0041";
const char *d = STR(\u0041);
const char *e = STR(a\u00b7);
const char *f = STR(a\u0041);
const char *g = STR(a \u00b7);
const char *h = STR(a \u0041);
const char *i = "\u066d";
const char *j = STR(\u066d);
const char *k = "\u0040";
const char *l = STR(\u0040);
const char *m = STR(a\u066d);
const char *n = STR(a\u0040);
const char *o = STR(a \u066d);
const char *p = STR(a \u0040);
Neither clang nor gcc emit any diagnostics on the a, c, i and k
initializers, those are certainly valid (c is invalid in C23 though). g++
emits with -pedantic-errors errors on all the others, while clang++ on the
ones with STR involving \u0041, \u0040 and a\u0066d. The chosen values are
\u0040 '@' as something being changed by this paper, \u0041 'A' as basic
character set char valid in identifiers before/after, \u00b7 as an example
of character which is pedantically valid in identifiers if not at the start
and \u066d s something pedantically not valid in identifiers.
Now, https://eel.is/c++draft/lex.charset#6 says that UCN used outside of a
string/character literal which corresponds to basic character set character
(or control character) is ill-formed, that would make d, f, h cases invalid
for C++ and l, n, p cases invalid for C++26.
https://eel.is/c++draft/lex.name states which characters can appear at the
start of the identifier and which can appear after the start. And
https://eel.is/c++draft/lex.pptoken states that preprocessing-token is
either identifier, or tons of other things, or "each non-whitespace
character that cannot be one of the above"
Then https://eel.is/c++draft/lex.pptoken#1 says that this last category is
invalid if the preprocessing token is being converted into token.
And https://eel.is/c++draft/lex.pptoken#2 includes "If any character not in
the basic character set matches the last category, the program is
ill-formed."
Now, e.g. for the C++23 STR(\u0040) case, \u0040 is there not in the basic
character set, so valid outside of the literals (not the case anymore in
C++26), but it isn't nondigit and doesn't have XID_Start property, so it
isn't IMHO an identifier and so must be the "each non-whitespace character
that cannot be one of the above" case. Why doesn't the above mentioned
https://eel.is/c++draft/lex.pptoken#2 sentence make that invalid? Ignoring
that, I'd say it would be then stringized and that feels like it is what
clang++ is doing. Now, e.g. for the STR(a\u066d) case, I wonder why that
isn't lexed as a identifier followed by \u066d "each non-whitespace
character that cannot be one of the above" token and stringified similarly,
clang++ rejects that.
What GCC libcpp seems to be doing is that if that forms_identifier_p calls
_cpp_valid_utf8 or _cpp_valid_ucn with an argument which tells it is first
or second+ in identifier, and e.g. _cpp_valid_ucn then for UCNs valid in
string literals calls
else if (identifier_pos)
{
int validity = ucn_valid_in_identifier (pfile, result, nst);
if (validity == 0)
cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR,
"universal character %.*s is not valid in an identifier",
(int) (str - base), base);
else if (validity == 2 && identifier_pos == 1)
cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR,
"universal character %.*s is not valid at the start of an identifier",
(int) (str - base), base);
}
so basically all those invalid in identifiers cases emit an error and
pretend to be valid in identifiers, rather than what e.g. _cpp_valid_utf8
does for C but not for C++ and only for the chars completely invalid in
identifiers rather than just valid in identifiers but not at the start:
/* In C++, this is an error for invalid character in an identifier
because logically, the UTF-8 was converted to a UCN during
translation phase 1 (even though we don't physically do it that
way). In C, this byte rather becomes grammatically a separate
token. */
if (CPP_OPTION (pfile, cplusplus))
cpp_error (pfile, CPP_DL_ERROR,
"extended character %.*s is not valid in an identifier",
(int) (*pstr - base), base);
else
{
*pstr = base;
return false;
}
The comment doesn't really match what is done in recent C++ versions because
there UCNs are translated to characters and not the other way around.
2024-07-17 Jakub Jelinek <ja...@redhat.com>
PR c++/110343
libcpp/
* lex.cc: C++26 P2558R2 - Add @, $, and ` to the basic character set.
(lex_raw_string): For C++26 allow $@` characters in prefix.
* charset.cc (_cpp_valid_ucn): For C++26 reject \u0024 in identifiers.
gcc/testsuite/
* c-c++-common/raw-string-1.c: Use { c || c++11 } effective target,
remove c++ specific dg-options.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-2.c: Likewise.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-4.c: Likewise.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-5.c: Likewise. Expect some diagnostics
only for non-c++26, for c++26 expect different.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-6.c: Use { c || c++11 } effective target,
remove c++ specific dg-options.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-11.c: Likewise.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-13.c: Likewise.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-14.c: Likewise.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-15.c: Use { c || c++11 } effective target,
change c++ specific dg-options to just -Wtrigraphs.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-16.c: Likewise.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-17.c: Use { c || c++11 } effective target,
remove c++ specific dg-options.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-18.c: Use { c || c++11 } effective target,
remove -std=c++11 from c++ specific dg-options.
* c-c++-common/raw-string-19.c: Likewise.
* g++.dg/cpp26/raw-string1.C: New test.
* g++.dg/cpp26/raw-string2.C: New test.
