On Thu, 29 Sep 2022, Jason Merrill wrote:

> On 9/29/22 11:05, Patrick Palka wrote:
> > Adding a new builtin trait currently involves some boilerplate (as can
> > be seen in r13-2956-g9ca147154074a0) of defining corresponding RID_ and
> > CPTK_ enumerators and adding them to various switch statements across
> > many files.  The exact switch statements we need to change is determined
> > by whether the proposed trait yields a type or an expression.
> > 
> > This RFC patch attempts to streamline this process via a centralized
> > cp-trait.def file for declaring the important parts about a builtin trait
> > (whether it yields a type or an expression, its code, its spelling and
> > its arity) and using this file to automate away the switch statement
> > addition boilerplate.  It also converts 9 traits to use this approach
> > by way of example (we can convert all the traits once the design is
> > settled).
> > 
> > After this change, the process of adding a new builtin trait is just
> > (modulo tests): declare it in cp-trait.def, define its behavior in
> > finish_trait_type/expr, and handle it in diagnose_trait_expr if it's
> > an expression-yielding trait (this last step is unfortunate but since
> > the switch has no default case, we'll at least get a diagnostic if we
> > forget to do it).
> > 
> > Does this look like a good approach?
> 
> OK.

Thanks a lot, I committed the following (which migrates all the
C++-specific traits to the new approach):

-- >8 --

Subject: [PATCH] c++: streamline built-in trait addition process

Adding a new built-in trait currently involves manual boilerplate
consisting of defining an rid enumerator for the identifier as well as a
corresponding cp_trait_kind enumerator and handling them in various switch
statements, the exact set of which depends on whether the proposed trait
yields (and thus is recognized as) a type or an expression.

To streamline the process, this patch adds a central cp-trait.def file
that tabulates the essential details about each built-in trait (whether
it yields a type or an expression, its code, its spelling and its arity)
and uses this file to automate away the manual boilerplate.  It also
migrates all the existing C++-specific built-in traits to use this
approach.

After this change, adding a new built-in trait just entails declaring
it in cp-trait.def and defining its behavior in finish_trait_expr/type
(and handling it in diagnose_trait_expr, if it's an expression-yielding
trait).

gcc/c-family/ChangeLog:

        * c-common.cc (c_common_reswords): Use cp/cp-trait.def to handle
        C++ traits.
        * c-common.h (enum rid): Likewise.

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

        * constraint.cc (diagnose_trait_expr): Likewise.
        * cp-objcp-common.cc (names_builtin_p): Likewise.
        * cp-tree.h (enum cp_trait_kind): Likewise.
        * cxx-pretty-print.cc (pp_cxx_trait): Likewise.
        * parser.cc (cp_keyword_starts_decl_specifier_p): Likewise.
        (cp_parser_primary_expression): Likewise.
        (cp_parser_trait): Likewise.
        (cp_parser_simple_type_specifier): Likewise.
        * cp-trait.def: New file.
---
 gcc/c-family/c-common.cc   |  54 ++-------
 gcc/c-family/c-common.h    |  33 ++----
 gcc/cp/constraint.cc       |  12 +-
 gcc/cp/cp-objcp-common.cc  |  44 +-------
 gcc/cp/cp-trait.def        | 106 ++++++++++++++++++
 gcc/cp/cp-tree.h           |  46 +-------
 gcc/cp/cxx-pretty-print.cc | 126 +--------------------
 gcc/cp/parser.cc           | 217 ++++---------------------------------
 8 files changed, 161 insertions(+), 477 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 gcc/cp/cp-trait.def

diff --git a/gcc/c-family/c-common.cc b/gcc/c-family/c-common.cc
index 6e0af863a49..3c60a89bfe2 100644
--- a/gcc/c-family/c-common.cc
+++ b/gcc/c-family/c-common.cc
@@ -378,7 +378,6 @@ const struct c_common_resword c_common_reswords[] =
   { "__attribute",     RID_ATTRIBUTE,  0 },
   { "__attribute__",   RID_ATTRIBUTE,  0 },
   { "__auto_type",     RID_AUTO_TYPE,  D_CONLY },
-  { "__bases",          RID_BASES, D_CXXONLY },
   { "__builtin_addressof", RID_ADDRESSOF, D_CXXONLY },
   { "__builtin_bit_cast", RID_BUILTIN_BIT_CAST, D_CXXONLY },
   { "__builtin_call_with_static_chain",
@@ -401,44 +400,12 @@ const struct c_common_resword c_common_reswords[] =
   { "__const__",       RID_CONST,      0 },
   { "__constinit",     RID_CONSTINIT,  D_CXXONLY },
   { "__decltype",       RID_DECLTYPE,   D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__direct_bases",   RID_DIRECT_BASES, D_CXXONLY },
   { "__extension__",   RID_EXTENSION,  0 },
   { "__func__",                RID_C99_FUNCTION_NAME, 0 },
-  { "__has_nothrow_assign", RID_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_nothrow_constructor", RID_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_nothrow_copy", RID_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_trivial_assign", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_trivial_constructor", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_trivial_copy", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_trivial_destructor", RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_unique_object_representations", RID_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS,
-                                       D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__has_virtual_destructor", RID_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR, D_CXXONLY },
   { "__imag",          RID_IMAGPART,   0 },
   { "__imag__",                RID_IMAGPART,   0 },
   { "__inline",                RID_INLINE,     0 },
   { "__inline__",      RID_INLINE,     0 },
-  { "__is_abstract",   RID_IS_ABSTRACT, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_aggregate",  RID_IS_AGGREGATE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_base_of",    RID_IS_BASE_OF, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_class",      RID_IS_CLASS,   D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_empty",      RID_IS_EMPTY,   D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_enum",       RID_IS_ENUM,    D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_final",      RID_IS_FINAL,   D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_layout_compatible", RID_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_literal_type", RID_IS_LITERAL_TYPE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_pointer_interconvertible_base_of",
-                       RID_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_pod",                RID_IS_POD,     D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_polymorphic",        RID_IS_POLYMORPHIC, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_same",     RID_IS_SAME_AS, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_same_as",     RID_IS_SAME_AS, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_standard_layout", RID_IS_STD_LAYOUT, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_trivial",     RID_IS_TRIVIAL, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_trivially_assignable", RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_trivially_constructible", RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE, D_CXXONLY 
},
-  { "__is_trivially_copyable", RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_union",      RID_IS_UNION,   D_CXXONLY },
   { "__label__",       RID_LABEL,      0 },
   { "__null",          RID_NULL,       0 },
   { "__real",          RID_REALPART,   0 },
@@ -453,7 +420,6 @@ const struct c_common_resword c_common_reswords[] =
   { "__transaction_cancel", RID_TRANSACTION_CANCEL, 0 },
   { "__typeof",                RID_TYPEOF,     0 },
   { "__typeof__",      RID_TYPEOF,     0 },
-  { "__underlying_type", RID_UNDERLYING_TYPE, D_CXXONLY },
   { "__volatile",      RID_VOLATILE,   0 },
   { "__volatile__",    RID_VOLATILE,   0 },
   { "__GIMPLE",                RID_GIMPLE,     D_CONLY },
@@ -537,19 +503,13 @@ const struct c_common_resword c_common_reswords[] =
   { "volatile",                RID_VOLATILE,   0 },
   { "wchar_t",         RID_WCHAR,      D_CXXONLY },
   { "while",           RID_WHILE,      0 },
-  { "__is_assignable", RID_IS_ASSIGNABLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_constructible", RID_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_nothrow_assignable", RID_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_nothrow_constructible", RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_convertible", RID_IS_CONVERTIBLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__is_nothrow_convertible", RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__reference_constructs_from_temporary", RID_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY,
-                                       D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__reference_converts_from_temporary", RID_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY,
-                                       D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__remove_cv", RID_REMOVE_CV, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__remove_reference", RID_REMOVE_REFERENCE, D_CXXONLY },
-  { "__remove_cvref", RID_REMOVE_CVREF, D_CXXONLY },
+
+#define DEFTRAIT(TCC, CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+  { NAME,              RID_##CODE,     D_CXXONLY },
+#include "cp/cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT
+  /* An alias for __is_same.  */
+  { "__is_same_as",    RID_IS_SAME_AS, D_CXXONLY },
 
   /* C++ transactional memory.  */
   { "synchronized",    RID_SYNCHRONIZED, D_CXX_OBJC | D_TRANSMEM },
diff --git a/gcc/c-family/c-common.h b/gcc/c-family/c-common.h
index d5c98d306ce..5f470d94f4a 100644
--- a/gcc/c-family/c-common.h
+++ b/gcc/c-family/c-common.h
@@ -163,31 +163,14 @@ enum rid
   RID_CONSTCAST, RID_DYNCAST, RID_REINTCAST, RID_STATCAST,
 
   /* C++ extensions */
-  RID_ADDRESSOF,               RID_BASES,
-  RID_BUILTIN_LAUNDER,         RID_DIRECT_BASES,
-  RID_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN,      RID_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR,
-  RID_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY,        RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN,
-  RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR, RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY,
-  RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR,  RID_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS,
-  RID_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR,  RID_BUILTIN_BIT_CAST,
-  RID_IS_ABSTRACT,             RID_IS_AGGREGATE,
-  RID_IS_BASE_OF,              RID_IS_CLASS,
-  RID_IS_EMPTY,                RID_IS_ENUM,
-  RID_IS_FINAL,                RID_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE,
-  RID_IS_LITERAL_TYPE,
-  RID_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF,
-  RID_IS_POD,                  RID_IS_POLYMORPHIC,
-  RID_IS_SAME_AS,
-  RID_IS_STD_LAYOUT,           RID_IS_TRIVIAL,
-  RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE, RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE,
-  RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE,
-  RID_IS_UNION,                RID_UNDERLYING_TYPE,
-  RID_IS_ASSIGNABLE,           RID_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE,
-  RID_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE,   RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE,
-  RID_IS_CONVERTIBLE,          RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE,
-  RID_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY,
-  RID_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY,
-  RID_REMOVE_CV, RID_REMOVE_REFERENCE, RID_REMOVE_CVREF,
+  RID_ADDRESSOF,
+  RID_BUILTIN_LAUNDER,
+  RID_BUILTIN_BIT_CAST,
+
+#define DEFTRAIT(TCC, CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+  RID_##CODE,
+#include "cp/cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT
 
   /* C++11 */
   RID_CONSTEXPR, RID_DECLTYPE, RID_NOEXCEPT, RID_NULLPTR, RID_STATIC_ASSERT,
diff --git a/gcc/cp/constraint.cc b/gcc/cp/constraint.cc
index ca73aff3f38..f4145571d92 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/constraint.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/constraint.cc
@@ -3711,13 +3711,11 @@ diagnose_trait_expr (tree expr, tree args)
       inform (loc, "  %qT is not a reference that binds to a temporary "
              "object of type %qT (copy-initialization)", t1, t2);
       break;
-    case CPTK_BASES:
-    case CPTK_DIRECT_BASES:
-    case CPTK_UNDERLYING_TYPE:
-    case CPTK_REMOVE_CV:
-    case CPTK_REMOVE_REFERENCE:
-    case CPTK_REMOVE_CVREF:
-      /* We shouldn't see these non-expression traits.  */
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE(CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+    case CPTK_##CODE:
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT_TYPE
+      /* Type-yielding traits aren't expressions.  */
       gcc_unreachable ();
     /* We deliberately omit the default case so that when adding a new
        trait we'll get reminded (by way of a warning) to handle it here.  */
diff --git a/gcc/cp/cp-objcp-common.cc b/gcc/cp/cp-objcp-common.cc
index 2d3f206b530..e4df30d9720 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/cp-objcp-common.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/cp-objcp-common.cc
@@ -430,46 +430,10 @@ names_builtin_p (const char *name)
     case RID_BUILTIN_ASSOC_BARRIER:
     case RID_BUILTIN_BIT_CAST:
     case RID_OFFSETOF:
-    case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN:
-    case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR:
-    case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY:
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN:
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR:
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY:
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-    case RID_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS:
-    case RID_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-    case RID_IS_ABSTRACT:
-    case RID_IS_AGGREGATE:
-    case RID_IS_BASE_OF:
-    case RID_IS_CLASS:
-    case RID_IS_EMPTY:
-    case RID_IS_ENUM:
-    case RID_IS_FINAL:
-    case RID_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE:
-    case RID_IS_LITERAL_TYPE:
-    case RID_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF:
-    case RID_IS_POD:
-    case RID_IS_POLYMORPHIC:
-    case RID_IS_SAME_AS:
-    case RID_IS_STD_LAYOUT:
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIAL:
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE:
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE:
-    case RID_IS_UNION:
-    case RID_IS_ASSIGNABLE:
-    case RID_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-    case RID_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE:
-    case RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-    case RID_UNDERLYING_TYPE:
-    case RID_IS_CONVERTIBLE:
-    case RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE:
-    case RID_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-    case RID_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-    case RID_REMOVE_CV:
-    case RID_REMOVE_REFERENCE:
-    case RID_REMOVE_CVREF:
+#define DEFTRAIT(TCC, CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+    case RID_##CODE:
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT
       return true;
     default:
       break;
diff --git a/gcc/cp/cp-trait.def b/gcc/cp/cp-trait.def
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..922348a1659
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/cp/cp-trait.def
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/* This file contains the definitions for C++-specific built-in traits.
+
+   Copyright The GNU Toolchain Authors.
+
+   This file is part of GCC.
+
+   GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
+   any later version.
+
+   GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Add a DEFTRAIT_EXPR (CODE, NAME, N) line to this file to define an
+   expression-yielding built-in trait that has internal code name CODE, is
+   spelled as NAME and takes N type arguments (where N is either 1, 2, or
+   the special value -1 which denotes that it takes at least one argument).
+   Such traits are represented as TRAIT_EXPR tree whose TRAIT_EXPR_KIND is
+   CPTK_CODE.  Define the behavior of the trait in finish_trait_expr.  */
+
+/* Add a DEFTRAIT_TYPE (CODE, NAME, N) line to this file to define a
+   type-yielding built-in trait as described above.  Such traits are
+   generally represented as a TRAIT_TYPE tree whose TRAIT_TYPE_KIND is
+   CPTK_CODE (exceptions are BASES and DIRECT_BASES below).  Define the
+   behavior of the trait in finish_trait_type.  */
+
+#ifdef DEFTRAIT
+#define DEFTRAIT_EXPR(CODE, NAME, ARITY) DEFTRAIT(tcc_expression, CODE, NAME, 
ARITY)
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE(CODE, NAME, ARITY) DEFTRAIT(tcc_type, CODE, NAME, ARITY)
+#define DEFTRAIT_EXPR_DEFAULTED
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE_DEFAULTED
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFTRAIT_EXPR
+#define DEFTRAIT_EXPR(CODE, NAME, ARITY)
+#define DEFTRAIT_EXPR_DEFAULTED
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFTRAIT_TYPE
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE(CODE, NAME, ARITY)
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE_DEFAULTED
+#endif
+
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN, "__has_nothrow_assign", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR, "__has_nothrow_constructor", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_NOTHROW_COPY, "__has_nothrow_copy", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN, "__has_trivial_assign", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR, "__has_trivial_constructor", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY, "__has_trivial_copy", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR, "__has_trivial_destructor", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS, 
"__has_unique_object_representations", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR, "__has_virtual_destructor", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_ABSTRACT, "__is_abstract", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_AGGREGATE, "__is_aggregate", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_ASSIGNABLE, "__is_assignable", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_BASE_OF, "__is_base_of", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_CLASS, "__is_class", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE, "__is_constructible", -1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_CONVERTIBLE, "__is_convertible", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_EMPTY, "__is_empty", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_ENUM, "__is_enum", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_FINAL, "__is_final", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE, "__is_layout_compatible", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_LITERAL_TYPE, "__is_literal_type", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE, "__is_nothrow_assignable", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE, "__is_nothrow_constructible", -1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE, "__is_nothrow_convertible", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF, 
"__is_pointer_interconvertible_base_of", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_POD, "__is_pod", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_POLYMORPHIC, "__is_polymorphic", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_SAME_AS, "__is_same", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_STD_LAYOUT, "__is_standard_layout", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_TRIVIAL, "__is_trivial", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE, "__is_trivially_assignable", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE, "__is_trivially_constructible", -1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE, "__is_trivially_copyable", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (IS_UNION, "__is_union", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY, 
"__reference_constructs_from_temporary", 2)
+DEFTRAIT_EXPR (REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY, 
"__reference_converts_from_temporary", 2)
+
+DEFTRAIT_TYPE (REMOVE_CV, "__remove_cv", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_TYPE (REMOVE_REFERENCE, "__remove_reference", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_TYPE (REMOVE_CVREF, "__remove_cvref", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_TYPE (UNDERLYING_TYPE,  "__underlying_type", 1)
+
+/* These traits yield a type pack, not a type, and are represented by
+   cp_parser_trait as a special BASES tree instead of a TRAIT_TYPE tree.  */
+DEFTRAIT_TYPE (BASES, "__bases", 1)
+DEFTRAIT_TYPE (DIRECT_BASES, "__direct_bases", 1)
+
+#ifdef DEFTRAIT_EXPR_DEFAULTED
+#undef DEFTRAIT_EXPR
+#undef DEFTRAIT_EXPR_DEFAULTED
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DEFTRAIT_TYPE_DEFAULTED
+#undef DEFTRAIT_TYPE
+#undef DEFTRAIT_TYPE_DEFAULTED
+#endif
diff --git a/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h b/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
index d696fd54a7a..67aea9653e3 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
+++ b/gcc/cp/cp-tree.h
@@ -1374,48 +1374,10 @@ struct GTY (()) tree_argument_pack_select {
 
 enum cp_trait_kind
 {
-  CPTK_BASES,
-  CPTK_DIRECT_BASES,
-  CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN,
-  CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR,
-  CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY,
-  CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN,
-  CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR,
-  CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY,
-  CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR,
-  CPTK_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS,
-  CPTK_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR,
-  CPTK_IS_ABSTRACT,
-  CPTK_IS_AGGREGATE,
-  CPTK_IS_BASE_OF,
-  CPTK_IS_CLASS,
-  CPTK_IS_EMPTY,
-  CPTK_IS_ENUM,
-  CPTK_IS_FINAL,
-  CPTK_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE,
-  CPTK_IS_LITERAL_TYPE,
-  CPTK_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF,
-  CPTK_IS_POD,
-  CPTK_IS_POLYMORPHIC,
-  CPTK_IS_SAME_AS,
-  CPTK_IS_STD_LAYOUT,
-  CPTK_IS_TRIVIAL,
-  CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE,
-  CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE,
-  CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE,
-  CPTK_IS_UNION,
-  CPTK_UNDERLYING_TYPE,
-  CPTK_IS_ASSIGNABLE,
-  CPTK_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE,
-  CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE,
-  CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE,
-  CPTK_IS_CONVERTIBLE,
-  CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE,
-  CPTK_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY,
-  CPTK_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY,
-  CPTK_REMOVE_CV,
-  CPTK_REMOVE_REFERENCE,
-  CPTK_REMOVE_CVREF,
+#define DEFTRAIT(TCC, CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+  CPTK_##CODE,
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT
 };
 
 /* The types that we are processing.  */
diff --git a/gcc/cp/cxx-pretty-print.cc b/gcc/cp/cxx-pretty-print.cc
index b91615439e4..8ca1b8f234a 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/cxx-pretty-print.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/cxx-pretty-print.cc
@@ -2617,128 +2617,12 @@ pp_cxx_trait (cxx_pretty_printer *pp, tree t)
 
   switch (kind)
     {
-    case CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_nothrow_assign");
+#define DEFTRAIT(TCC, CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+    case CPTK_##CODE:                   \
+      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, NAME);      \
       break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_trivial_assign");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_nothrow_constructor");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_trivial_constructor");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_nothrow_copy");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_trivial_copy");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_trivial_destructor");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_unique_object_representations");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__has_virtual_destructor");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_ABSTRACT:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_abstract");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_AGGREGATE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_aggregate");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_BASE_OF:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_base_of");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_CLASS:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_class");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_EMPTY:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_empty");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_ENUM:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_enum");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_FINAL:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_final");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_layout_compatible");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_pointer_interconvertible_base_of");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_POD:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_pod");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_POLYMORPHIC:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_polymorphic");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_SAME_AS:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_same");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_STD_LAYOUT:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_std_layout");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_TRIVIAL:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_trivial");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_trivially_assignable");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_trivially_constructible");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_trivially_copyable");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_UNION:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_union");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_LITERAL_TYPE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_literal_type");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_ASSIGNABLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_assignable");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_constructible");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_nothrow_assignable");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_nothrow_constructible");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_CONVERTIBLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_convertible");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__is_nothrow_convertible");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__reference_constructs_from_temporary");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__reference_converts_from_temporary");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_UNDERLYING_TYPE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__underlying_type");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_REMOVE_CV:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__remove_cv");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_REMOVE_REFERENCE:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__remove_reference");
-      break;
-    case CPTK_REMOVE_CVREF:
-      pp_cxx_ws_string (pp, "__remove_cvref");
-      break;
-    default:
-      gcc_unreachable ();
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT
     }
 
   pp_cxx_left_paren (pp);
diff --git a/gcc/cp/parser.cc b/gcc/cp/parser.cc
index d592d783250..8d0e0fa1b87 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/parser.cc
+++ b/gcc/cp/parser.cc
@@ -1146,16 +1146,18 @@ cp_keyword_starts_decl_specifier_p (enum rid keyword)
     case RID_TYPEOF:
       /* C++11 extensions.  */
     case RID_DECLTYPE:
-    case RID_UNDERLYING_TYPE:
-    case RID_REMOVE_CV:
-    case RID_REMOVE_REFERENCE:
-    case RID_REMOVE_CVREF:
     case RID_CONSTEXPR:
       /* C++20 extensions.  */
     case RID_CONSTINIT:
     case RID_CONSTEVAL:
       return true;
 
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE(CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+    case RID_##CODE:
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT_TYPE
+      return true;
+
     default:
       if (keyword >= RID_FIRST_INT_N
          && keyword < RID_FIRST_INT_N + NUM_INT_N_ENTS
@@ -5895,42 +5897,10 @@ cp_parser_primary_expression (cp_parser *parser,
        case RID_OFFSETOF:
          return cp_parser_builtin_offsetof (parser);
 
-       case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN:
-       case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR:
-       case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY:
-       case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN:
-       case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR:
-       case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY:
-       case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-       case RID_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS:
-       case RID_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-       case RID_IS_ABSTRACT:
-       case RID_IS_AGGREGATE:
-       case RID_IS_BASE_OF:
-       case RID_IS_CLASS:
-       case RID_IS_EMPTY:
-       case RID_IS_ENUM:
-       case RID_IS_FINAL:
-       case RID_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE:
-       case RID_IS_LITERAL_TYPE:
-       case RID_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF:
-       case RID_IS_POD:
-       case RID_IS_POLYMORPHIC:
-       case RID_IS_SAME_AS:
-       case RID_IS_STD_LAYOUT:
-       case RID_IS_TRIVIAL:
-       case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE:
-       case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-       case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE:
-       case RID_IS_UNION:
-       case RID_IS_ASSIGNABLE:
-       case RID_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-       case RID_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE:
-       case RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-       case RID_IS_CONVERTIBLE:
-       case RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE:
-       case RID_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-       case RID_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
+#define DEFTRAIT_EXPR(CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+       case RID_##CODE:
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT_EXPR
          return cp_parser_trait (parser, token->keyword);
 
        // C++ concepts
@@ -10898,150 +10868,15 @@ cp_parser_trait (cp_parser* parser, enum rid keyword)
 
   switch (keyword)
     {
-    case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_ASSIGN;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTOR;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_NOTHROW_COPY;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_ASSIGN;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_CONSTRUCTOR;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_COPY;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_UNIQUE_OBJ_REPRESENTATIONS;
-      break;
-    case RID_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR:
-      kind = CPTK_HAS_VIRTUAL_DESTRUCTOR;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_ABSTRACT:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_ABSTRACT;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_AGGREGATE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_AGGREGATE;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_BASE_OF:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_BASE_OF;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_CLASS:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_CLASS;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_EMPTY:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_EMPTY;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_ENUM:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_ENUM;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_FINAL:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_FINAL;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_LAYOUT_COMPATIBLE;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_LITERAL_TYPE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_LITERAL_TYPE;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_POINTER_INTERCONVERTIBLE_BASE_OF;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_POD:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_POD;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_POLYMORPHIC:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_POLYMORPHIC;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_SAME_AS:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_SAME_AS;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_STD_LAYOUT:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_STD_LAYOUT;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIAL:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_TRIVIAL;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_ASSIGNABLE;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_CONSTRUCTIBLE;
-      variadic = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_TRIVIALLY_COPYABLE;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_UNION:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_UNION;
-      break;
-    case RID_UNDERLYING_TYPE:
-      kind = CPTK_UNDERLYING_TYPE;
-      type = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_BASES:
-      kind = CPTK_BASES;
-      break;
-    case RID_DIRECT_BASES:
-      kind = CPTK_DIRECT_BASES;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_ASSIGNABLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_ASSIGNABLE;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_CONSTRUCTIBLE;
-      variadic = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_ASSIGNABLE;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_CONSTRUCTIBLE;
-      variadic = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_CONVERTIBLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_CONVERTIBLE;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE:
-      kind = CPTK_IS_NOTHROW_CONVERTIBLE;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-      kind = CPTK_REF_CONSTRUCTS_FROM_TEMPORARY;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY:
-      kind = CPTK_REF_CONVERTS_FROM_TEMPORARY;
-      binary = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_REMOVE_CV:
-      kind = CPTK_REMOVE_CV;
-      type = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_REMOVE_REFERENCE:
-      kind = CPTK_REMOVE_REFERENCE;
-      type = true;
-      break;
-    case RID_REMOVE_CVREF:
-      kind = CPTK_REMOVE_CVREF;
-      type = true;
+#define DEFTRAIT(TCC, CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+    case RID_##CODE:                    \
+      kind = CPTK_##CODE;               \
+      binary = (ARITY == 2);            \
+      variadic = (ARITY == -1);                 \
+      type = (TCC == tcc_type);                 \
       break;
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT
     default:
       gcc_unreachable ();
     }
@@ -19881,10 +19716,10 @@ cp_parser_simple_type_specifier (cp_parser* parser,
 
       return type;
 
-    case RID_UNDERLYING_TYPE:
-    case RID_REMOVE_CV:
-    case RID_REMOVE_REFERENCE:
-    case RID_REMOVE_CVREF:
+#define DEFTRAIT_TYPE(CODE, NAME, ARITY) \
+    case RID_##CODE:
+#include "cp-trait.def"
+#undef DEFTRAIT_TYPE
       type = cp_parser_trait (parser, token->keyword);
       if (decl_specs)
        cp_parser_set_decl_spec_type (decl_specs, type,
@@ -19893,14 +19728,6 @@ cp_parser_simple_type_specifier (cp_parser* parser,
 
       return type;
 
-    case RID_BASES:
-    case RID_DIRECT_BASES:
-      type = cp_parser_trait (parser, token->keyword);
-      if (decl_specs)
-       cp_parser_set_decl_spec_type (decl_specs, type,
-                                     token,
-                                     /*type_definition_p=*/false);
-      return type;
     default:
       break;
     }
-- 
2.38.0.rc2

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